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The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Additional toxicological data

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
additional toxicological information
Type of information:
migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
no data available
Reliability:
other: high
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: see 'Remark'
Remarks:
Well-documented publication which is considered as supplementary data on the essential function of calcium in the fertilising ability of human spermatozoa. Under physiological conditions, the hydroxyl-ions released from lime following oral adminstration have been neutralised in the GI tract and are therefore not relevant for consideration of systemic toxicity. Therefore for assessment of any systemic effects of lime following administration via the oral route, the calcium ion Ca2+ is the chemical species of interest. In the current study, calcium was administered in the form of calcium chloride, the chloride ion being an ubiquitous component of mammalian mineral supply via the diet, omnipresent in body fluids and involved in osmoregulation, and therefore of limited toxicologically relevance at the tested doses. The objective of the study was the evaluation of any effects of calcium. In view of the the limited relevance of the anionic counter-ions discussed here, calcium released both from calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride can be considered as structurally equivalent, and the results of the study can be used by read-across.
Cross-reference
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Calcium dependence of human sperm fertilizing ability
Author:
Mortimer, D.; et al.
Year:
1988
Bibliographic source:
J. Experimental Zoology 246: 194-201

Materials and methods

Type of study / information:
The experiments were undertaken to investigate what components of the fertilisation process in the human are Ca-ion dependent and which can be supported by Sr-ions.
Test guideline
Qualifier:
no guideline available
Principles of method if other than guideline:
In vitro investigation of sperm functionality, depending on mineral supply.
GLP compliance:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Reference substance name:
Calcium chloride
EC Number:
233-140-8
EC Name:
Calcium chloride
Cas Number:
10043-52-4
IUPAC Name:
calcium dichloride
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Calcium chloride
- Physical state: solid
No further details are given.

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

Human sperm populations incubated in medium containing either CaCl2 or SrCl2 for 0, 6 and 22 hours showed the same occurrence of acrosome reactions. Significantly more motile spermatozoa were bound to more of the human zona pellucidae in the CaCl2 medium. In the HEPT experiments, an about 15-fold higher penetration of oocytes was observed in the calcium containing medium than in the strontium medium.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
The results demonstrate that while Sr-ions can substitute fully for Ca-ions in the capacitation and acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa, sperm-zona, and sperm-oolemma interaction seem to involve some more Ca-ion specific processes.