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EC number: 700-319-1 | CAS number: 117646-83-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- The study was conducted between 13 August 2015 and 03 September 2015.
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: 1= Reliable without restriction o GLP guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 015
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-{2-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]ethoxy}ethyl prop-2-enoate
- Cas Number:
- 117646-83-0
- Molecular formula:
- C15H28O4
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-{2-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]ethoxy}ethyl prop-2-enoate
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
- Details on test material:
- Identification:
M120
Physical state/Appearance:
Clear colorless liquid
Batch:
NC-5635-01
Purity:
99.4%
Expiry date:
5 December 2015
Storage conditions:
Room temperature in the dark
Constituent 1
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 4.4 - 6.6 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.47 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
Any other information on results incl. tables
Range-finding Test
The results showed no effect on growth at the test concentrations of 0.10 and 1.0% v/v saturated solution. However, growth was observed to be reduced at 10 and 100% v/v saturated solution.
Based on this information test concentrations of 1.0, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100% v/v saturated solution were selected for the definitive test.
Chemical analysis of the test preparations at 0 hours showed measured test concentrations to range from 0.56 to 32 mg/L. A concentration dependant decline in measured concentration was observed at 72 hours in the range of 0.13 to 34 mg/L. The decline in measured test concentration was considered to be due to adsorption to algal cells. Overall the decline in measured concentrations followed a concentration dependent pattern with greater losses being observed at the lower test concentrations. This effect was considered to be due to there being greater numbers of algal cells in the lower concentrations and hence greater surface area for adsorption to occur
DefinitiveTest
Verification of Test Concentrations
Analysis of the test preparations at 0 hours showed measured test concentrations to range from 0.53 to 28 mg/L. A concentration dependant decline in measured test concentration was observed at 72 hours to between 0.043 and 31 mg/L (8% to 111% of the 0-Hour measured test concentrations) indicating that the test item was adsorbing to the algal cells present. Greater losses of test item were observed at the lowest test concentrations employed where there were larger numbers of algal cells present.
Analysis of test samples at 72 hours which had been prepared with the omission of algal cells showed measured test concentrations to range from 0.42 to 37 mg/L (78% to 134% of the 0-Hour measured concentrations) thereby confirming that the losses seen in the test samples which contained algal cells was due to adsorption of the test item to the algal cells present rather than instability of the test item over the test duration.
It was therefore considered appropriate to calculate the results based on the measured concentrations obtained from the test samples prepared with the omission of algal cells as these samples gave a more accurate representation of the concentration of test item to which the algae were exposed. Given that two values fell slightly outside of the acceptable 80-120% of nominal range (78% and 134%), the results were calculated using the geometric mean measured test concentrations. The geometric mean measured test concentrations were determined to be:
Nominal Test Concentration |
Geometric Mean Measured Test Concentration (mg/L) |
Expressed as a % of the 0-Hour Measured Test Concentration |
1.0 |
0.47 |
88 |
3.2 |
2.5 |
94 |
10 |
5.3 |
93 |
32 |
15 |
109 |
100 |
32 |
115 |
Growth Data
From the data given in the two tables below, it is clear that the growth rate (r) and yield (y) ofPseudokirchneriella subcapitata(CCAP 278/4) were affected by the presence of the test item over the 72-Hour exposure period.
Accordingly the following results were determined from the data:
Inhibition of Growth Rate
ErC10(0 - 72 h) : 2.0 mg/L
ErC20(0 - 72 h) : 2.9 mg/L
ErC50(0 - 72 h) : 5.4 mg/L; 95% confidence limits 4.4 – 6.6 mg/L
where ErCxis the test concentration that reduced growth rate by x%.
Statistical analysis of the growth rate data was carried out for the control and all test concentrations using one way analysis of variance incorporating Bartlett's test for homogeneity of variance (Sokal and Rohlf, 1981) and Dunnett's multiple comparison procedure for comparing several treatments with a control (Dunnett, 1955). There were no statistically significant differences between the control and 0.47 mg/L test concentration (P³0.05), however all other test concentrations were significantly different (P<0.05) and, therefore the "No Observed Effect Concentration" (NOEC) based on growth rate was 0.47 mg/L. Correspondingly the "Lowest Observed Effect Concentration" (LOEC) based on growth rate was 2.5 mg/L.
Inhibition of Yield
EyC10(0 - 72 h) : 1.2 mg/L
EyC20(0 - 72 h) : 1.6 mg/L
EyC50(0 - 72 h) : 2.5 mg/L; 95%
confidence limits 2.1 – 2.9 mg/L
Where:
EyCxis the test concentration that reduced yield by x%.
Statistical analysis of the yield data was carried out as in Section 4.2.2.1. There were no statistically significant differences between the control and 0.47 mg/L test concentration (P³0.05), however all other test concentrations were significantly different (P<0.05) and, therefore the "No Observed Effect Concentration" (NOEC) based on yield was 0.47 mg/L. Correspondingly the "Lowest Observed Effect Concentration" (LOEC) based on yield was 2.5 mg/L.
Validation Criteria
The following data show that the cell concentration of the control cultures increased by a factor of 156 after 72 hours. This increase was in line with the OECD Guideline that states the enhancement must be at least by a factor of 16 after 72 hours.
Mean cell density of control at 0 hours : 3.98 x 103cells per mL
Mean cell density of control at 72 hours : 6.21 x 105cells per mL
The mean coefficient of variation for section by section specific growth rate for the control cultures was 16% and hence satisfied the validation criterion given in the OECD Guideline which states the mean must not exceed 35%.
The coefficient of variation for average specific growth rate for the control cultures over the test period (0 – 72 h) was 3% and hence satisfied the validation criterion given in the OECD Guideline which states that this must not exceed 7%.
Observationson Cultures
Due to a technical oversight, microscopic examination of the control and test cultures was not conducted at the end of the definitive test. This was considered to have had no adverse effect on the outcome of the test.
Water QualityCriteria
Temperature was maintained at 24 ± 1 ºC throughout the test.
The pH value of the control cultures was determined to be pH 7.8 at 0 and 72 hours. The pH deviation in the control cultures was less than 1.5 pH units after 72 hours and therefore was within the limits given in the Test Guidelines.
Observations on Test Item Solubility
At the start of the test all control and test cultures were observed to be clear colorless solutions. After the 72-Hour test period all control and 0.47 mg/L test cultures were observed to be green dispersions. The 2.5 mg/L test cultures were pale green dispersions, the 5.3 mg/L test cultures were extremely pale green dispersions whilst the 15 and 32 mg/L test cultures were clear colorless solutions.
Cell Densities and pH Values in the Definitive Test
Geometric Mean Measured Test Concentration (mg/L) |
pH |
Cell Densities*(cells per mL) |
pH |
||||
0 h |
0 h |
24 h |
47 h |
72 h |
72 h |
||
Control |
R1 |
7.8 |
4.24E+03 |
1.83E+04 |
1.18E+05 |
6.47E+05 |
7.8 |
R2 |
4.64E+03 |
2.56E+04 |
1.08E+05 |
6.43E+05 |
|||
R3 |
3.42E+03 |
2.19E+04 |
1.07E+05 |
6.57E+05 |
|||
R4 |
3.47E+03 |
2.06E+04 |
1.22E+05 |
5.40E+05 |
|||
R5 |
3.94E+03 |
1.67E+04 |
1.16E+05 |
4.95E+05 |
|||
R6 |
4.16E+03 |
2.08E+04 |
1.23E+05 |
7.42E+05 |
|||
Mean |
3.98E+03 |
2.06E+04 |
1.16E+05 |
6.21E+05 |
|||
0.47
|
R1 |
7.5 |
3.30E+03 |
1.91E+04 |
1.14E+05 |
6.12E+05 |
7.9 |
R2 |
3.06E+03 |
1.80E+04 |
1.14E+05 |
6.37E+05 |
|||
R3 |
3.34E+03 |
2.08E+04 |
1.17E+05 |
5.66E+05 |
|||
Mean |
3.23E+03 |
1.93E+04 |
1.15E+05 |
6.05E+05 |
|||
2.5
|
R1 |
7.6 |
4.16E+03 |
1.32E+04 |
8.24E+04 |
3.23E+05 |
7.8 |
R2 |
2.96E+03 |
1.43E+04 |
9.35E+04 |
3.52E+05 |
|||
R3 |
3.55E+03 |
1.51E+04 |
7.81E+04 |
2.52E+05 |
|||
Mean |
3.56E+03 |
1.42E+04 |
8.47E+04 |
3.09E+05 |
|||
5.3
|
R1 |
7.6 |
3.04E+03 |
8.91E+03 |
3.90E+04 |
5.47E+04 |
7.7 |
R2 |
3.17E+03 |
1.06E+04 |
3.35E+04 |
5.54E+04 |
|||
R3 |
3.31E+03 |
8.67E+03 |
3.11E+04 |
6.20E+04 |
|||
Mean |
3.17E+03 |
9.41E+03 |
3.45E+04 |
5.74E+04 |
|||
15
|
R1 |
7.6 |
3.25E+03 |
4.14E+03 |
9.33E+03 |
8.85E+03 |
7.7 |
R2 |
3.76E+03 |
4.69E+03 |
7.58E+03 |
7.25E+03 |
|||
R3 |
2.96E+03 |
4.46E+03 |
7.90E+03 |
7.92E+03 |
|||
Mean |
3.32E+03 |
4.43E+03 |
8.27E+03 |
8.01E+03 |
|||
32
|
R1 |
7.6 |
2.93E+03 |
3.36E+03 |
5.68E+03 |
5.89E+03 |
7.7 |
R2 |
3.47E+03 |
3.92E+03 |
5.26E+03 |
6.99E+03 |
|||
R3 |
3.81E+03 |
3.78E+03 |
5.18E+03 |
4.94E+03 |
|||
Mean |
3.40E+03 |
3.69E+03 |
5.38E+03 |
5.94E+03 |
* Cell densities represent the mean number of cells per mL calculated from the mean of the cell counts from 3 counts for each of the replicate flasks.
R1- R6= Replicates 1 to 6
Inhibition of Growth Rate and Yield in the Definitive Test
Geometric Mean Measured Test Concentration |
Growth Rate (cells/mL/hour) |
Yield (cells/mL) |
|||
0 – 72 h |
% Inhibition |
0 – 72 h |
% Inhibition* |
||
Control |
R1 |
0.068 |
|
6.42E+05 |
|
R2 |
0.067 |
|
6.38E+05 |
|
|
R3 |
0.068 |
|
6.53E+05 |
|
|
R4 |
0.065 |
- |
5.36E+05 |
- |
|
R5 |
0.064 |
|
4.91E+05 |
|
|
R6 |
0.069 |
|
7.38E+05 |
|
|
Mean |
0.067 |
|
6.17E+05 |
|
|
SD |
0.002 |
|
8.86E+04 |
|
|
0.47 |
R1 |
0.067 |
0 |
6.08E+05 |
|
R2 |
0.067 |
0 |
6.34E+05 |
|
|
R3 |
0.066 |
1 |
5.62E+05 |
|
|
Mean |
0.067 |
0 |
6.01E+05 |
2 |
|
SD |
0.001 |
|
3.63E+04 |
|
|
2.5 |
R1 |
0.058 |
13 |
3.19E+05 |
|
R2 |
0.059 |
12 |
3.49E+05 |
|
|
R3 |
0.054 |
19 |
2.48E+05 |
|
|
Mean |
0.057 |
15 |
3.05E+05 |
50 |
|
SD |
0.003 |
|
5.16E+04 |
|
|
5.3 |
R1 |
0.033 |
51 |
5.17E+04 |
|
R2 |
0.033 |
51 |
5.22E+04 |
|
|
R3 |
0.035 |
48 |
5.86E+04 |
|
|
Mean |
0.034 |
50 |
5.42E+04 |
91 |
|
SD |
0.001 |
|
3.87E+03 |
|
|
15 |
R1 |
0.008 |
88 |
5.60E+03 |
|
R2 |
0.005 |
93 |
3.49E+03 |
|
|
R3 |
0.006 |
91 |
4.96E+03 |
|
|
Mean |
0.006 |
91 |
4.68E+03 |
99 |
|
SD |
0.002 |
|
1.08E+03 |
|
|
32 |
R1 |
0.002 |
97 |
2.96E+03 |
|
R2 |
0.005 |
93 |
3.52E+03 |
|
|
R3 |
0.000 |
100 |
1.14E+03 |
|
|
Mean |
0.002 |
97 |
2.54E+03 |
100 |
|
SD |
0.003 |
|
1.25E+03 |
|
* In accordance with the OECD test guideline only thean value for yield for each test concentration is calculated
R1– R6= Replicates 1 to 6
SD= Standard Deviation
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The effect of the test item on the growth of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata has been investigated over a 72-Hour period and based on the geometric mean measured test concentrations gave the following results:
Growth Rate
EC50 (mg/L) = 5.4
95% Confidence Limits (mg/L) = 4.4 - 6.6
No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) (mg/L) = 0.47
Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) (mg/L) = 2.5
Yield
EC50 (mg/L) = 2.5
95% Confidence Limits (mg/L) = 2.1 - 2.9
No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) (mg/L) = 0.47
Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) (mg/L) = 2.5
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