Benzyl cinnamate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The study was well conducted and documented, and performed according to 92/69/EEC method C.2 and GLP. However, the EC50 values were calculated as geometric means of EC0 and EC100 and based on only 3 test concentrations.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 3.2 mg/L and 4.8 mg/L
- Sampling method: sampling takes place immediatly after the test batch was generated and after 48h standing time.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: an ultrasonic bath & magnetic pleated filter were used

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna STRAUS
- Strain: clone of the "Bundesgesundheitsamtes" in Berlin
- Source: Breeding laboratory of Bayer AG, Leverkusen
- Age at study initiation: 0-24h old
- Method of breeding: parthenogenic females
- Feeding during test: no

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

14.4 °dH (M4-medium)

Test temperature:

19.9 - 20 °C

pH:

8.0

Dissolved oxygen:

8.4-8.6

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- Test concentrations:1.6; 3.2; 4.8 mg/L (nominal)
- results from TOC measurments are presented in the table in sections 'results'

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: cylindrical test vessel; diameter 4.0 cm, height 6.5 cm
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 20 mL test medium
- Aeration: none
- No. of organisms per vessel:10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- Biomass loading rate: 1 daphnia /2mL medium

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: M4-medium according to Elendt, Version of BGA (1992)

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16h light - 8 hr dark

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

1.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

4.8 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.8 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: EC50 was calculated as geometric mean of EC0 and EC100

Nominal concentrations test substance (mg/L)	Observations after 24 or 48 hr
	Immobile daphids				Dissolved oxygen	pH	Temperature (°C)
	Absolute values		%
	24h	48h	24h	48h	48h	48h	48h
Control	0	0	0	0	8.6	8.0	20.0
1.6	0	0	0	0	8.6	8.0	19.9
3.2	3	12	15	60	8.4	8.0	20.0
4.8	13	20	65	100	8.5	8.0	20.0

The measurements of the abiotic parameters (oxygen, pH, temperature) were calculated from the total volume of parallel test vessels (replicates).

Nominal concentrations test substance (mg/L)	Measurements performed at the beginning and after 48h (mg/L)
	0h	48h
Control	<2	<2
1.6	--- +	---+
3.2	3	3
4.8	5	4

+ = No TOC determination as the concentration appeared to be below the detection limit.

All measurements refer to the TOC measurements where 1 mg/L TOC corresponds with 1.2 mg/L substance.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The EC50 (48h) for Daphnia magna is 2.8 mg/L based on a geometric mean based on the EC0 and the EC100 values (nominal concentrations). These concentrations were analytically verified using TOC. The EC0 (48h) was determined to be 1.6 mg/L (nominal), while the EC100 was 4.8 mg/L.

Executive summary:

In the current study the toxicity of the test item towards aquatic invertebrates was assessed according to 92/69/EEC method C.2 and GLP. The Daphnia magna were exposed to the test item for 48 hours at concentrations 3.2 mg/L and 4.8 mg/L.

The EC50 (48h) for Daphnia magna was determined to be 2.8 mg/L based on a geometric mean based on the EC0-EC100 values (nominal concentrations). These concentrations were analytically verified using TOC. The EC0 (48h) was determined to be 1.6 mg/L (nominal), while the EC100 was 4.8 mg/L.

Description of key information

EC50 (48h) = 2.8 mg/L (nominal, Daphnia magna, 92/69/EEC method C.2)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

2.8 mg/L

Additional information

One study is available assessing the toxicity of the test item towards aquatic invertebrates. The study was performed according to 92/69/EEC method C.2 and GLP, in which Daphnia magna were exposed to the test item for 48 hours.

The EC50 (48h) was determined to be 2.8 mg/L based on a geometric mean based on the EC0-EC100 values (nominal concentrations). These concentrations were analytically verified using TOC. The EC0 (48h) was determined to be 1.6 mg/L (nominal), while the EC100 was 4.8 mg/L.