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EC number: 231-850-2 | CAS number: 7759-02-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 4.4 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no data: aquatic toxicity unlikely
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 8.7 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 5 700 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no exposure of sediment expected
Hazard for air
Air
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 690 mg/kg soil dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no potential for bioaccumulation
Additional information
Read-across statement:
In the aqueous and terrestrial environment, strontium sulfate dissolves in (pore) water releasing strontium cations and sulfate anions.
Sulfate:Sulfates are of low environmental toxicity (OECD SIDS for Na2SO4) as sulfate is essential to all living organisms and their intracellular and extracellular concentrations are actively regulated.
Strontium: No or few ecotoxicological data are available for strontium sulfate itself. For the assessment of the environmental fate and behaviour of strontium substances, a read-across approach is applied based on all information available for inorganic strontium compounds. This is based on the common assumption that after emission of metal compounds into the environment, the moiety of toxicological concern is the potentially bioavailable metal ion (i.e., Sr2+).This assumption is considered valid as the ecotoxicity is only affected by the strontium-ion and not by the counter (sulfate) ion.The speciation and chemistry of strontium is rather simple.
As reactive electropositive metal, strontium is easily oxidized to the stable and colourless Sr2+ion in most of its compounds, the chemical behaviour resembling that of calcium and/or barium (Wennig and Kirsch, 1988). In the environment, the element only occurs in one valence state (Sr2+), does not form strong organic or inorganic complexes and is commonly present in solution as Sr2+(Lollar, 2005). Consequently, the transport, fate, and toxicity of strontium in the environment are largely controlled by solubility of different Sr-salts (e. g., SrCO3, Sr(NO3)2, SrSO4, …).
These findings are sufficient justification for the implementation of a read-across strategy with ecotoxicity results obtained in tests that were conducted with different strontium compounds that generate free Sr2+-ions in solution, and this for all relevant environmental endpoints that were considered.
In sum, the environmental hazard assessment is based on strontium.
References:Wennig, R.; Kirsch, N. (1988): Chapter 57 Strontium, In: Seiler, U. G. et al.(eds), Handb. Tox. Inorg. Comp. NY, 631-638
PNEC sediment:
The PNECsedimentcan be derived from the PNECaquaticusing the equilibrium partitioning method (EPM).
A distribution/partition coefficient (KD) between the water and sediment compartment for strontium has been determined (see chapter 1.3). This resulted in a typical KD, susp-waterof 1,291.8 L/kg (logKD: 3.11). In a first step the units have to be converted from L/kg to m3/m3using the formula below.
KD, susp-water(m3/m3) = 0.9 + [0.1 x (KD, susp-water(L/kg) x 2,500) / 1,000]
This results in a KD, susp-matter of 323.9 m3/m3. This value can be entered in the equation below to calculate the PNECsediment:
PNECsediment= (KD, susp-water/ RHOsusp) x PNECaquaticx 1,000
with the PNECaquaticexpressed as mg/L, RHOsusprepresenting the bulk density of wet suspended matter (freshly deposited sediment) (1,150 kg/m3), and a KD, susp-waterof 323.9 m3/m3, a PNECsedimentthat is expressed as mg/kg wet weight can be derived. This value can be converted to a dry weight-based PNEC, using a conversion factor of 4.6 (CONVsusp = RHOsusp/Fsolid-susp * RHOsolid) kg wet weight/ kg dry weight.
This results in aPNECsedimentof 2,720 mg Sr/kg dry sediment corresponding to 5,700 mg SrSO4/kg dry sediment.
PNEC soil:
The PNECsoilcan be derived from the PNECaquaticusing the equilibrium partitioning method (EPM).
A distribution/partition coefficient (KD) between the water and soil compartment was derived for strontium of 157.03 L/kg (Log KD: 2.2). In a first step the units have to be converted from L/kg to m3/m3using the formula below.
KD,soil(m3/m3) = 0.2 +[0.6 x (KD,soil(L/kg) x 2,500) / 1,000]
This results in a KD,soilof 235.75 m3/m3. This value can be entered in the equation below to calculate the PNECsoil
PNECsoil= (KD,soil/ RHOsoil) x PNECaquaticx 1,000
With the PNECaquaticexpressed as mg/L, RHOsoilrepresenting the bulk density of wet soil (1,700 kg/m3) and KD,soil is 157.03 m3/m3, a PNECsoilexpressed as mg/kg wet weight is derived. This value can be converted to a dry weight-based PNEC, using a conversion factor of 1.13 kg wet weight/ kg dry weight.
This results in a PNECsoilof 329 mg Sr/kg dry soil, re-calculation to strontium sulfate resulted in 689.7 mg SrSO4/L.
Conclusion on classification
Short-term toxicity EC/LC50values of strontium available for 3 trophic levels are situated between >40.3 mg Sr/L and >125 mg Sr/L, corresponding to > 84.5 mg/L and 262 mg/L strontium sulfate based on an average strontium content of 47.7%. In accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, Table 4.1.0 (a), classification for acute aquatic hazard is not required for strontium sulfate as all EC50/LC50values are above the classification criteria of 1 mg/L.
Long-term toxicity data are available for 3 trophic levels and range from 21 mg Sr/L to ≥ 43.3 mg Sr/L, corresponding to 44 mg/L and 90.8 mg/L strontium sulfate based on an average strontium content of 47.7%. In accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, Table 4.1.0 (b) (i), classification for chronic aquatic hazard is not required for strontium sulfate as all chronic EC10/NOEC values are above the classification criteria of 1 mg/L.
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