Sodium 4-(2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)benzenesulphonate

Long-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to fish, other

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: peer reviewed journal

Justification for type of information:

Data is from peer reviewed journal

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: as mentioned below

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The objective of the study is to determine the chronic toxicity of test material to aquatic life.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Lepomis macrochirus

Details on test organisms:

Common name: Bluegill sunfish (Leponis Macrochirus)
Source: Nebraska fish farm
Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 67±12 mm
Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 4.9±1.7 g
Food type: fed a dry pelleted
ration ad libitum each day.
ACCLIMATION
Acclimation period: acclimatized in holding tanks least 30 days prior to radiotracer exposure

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

28 d

Hardness:

35 mg/l CaCO3

Test temperature:

18-20°C

pH:

7.1

Nominal and measured concentrations:

measured test concentration 0, 6.3 ± 0.3 mg/l and 60.3 ± 2.5 mg/l.
Nominal test concentrations: 0.5 and 50mg/l

Details on test conditions:

Test vessel: Thirty-liter aquaria
Aeration: Yes
Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): proportional dilution
No. of organisms per vessel: 30 to 50 fish
Other : On each sample day triplicate 5-mL water samples and 5 fish were collected for analysis.

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
Source/preparation of dilution water: well water
Intervals of water quality measurement: Water temperatures were recorded daily while dissolved oxygen was measured at least weekly throughout the study.

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

60.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Within 2 days of transfer of surviving bluegill to flowing, uncontaminated water these fish resumed a normal behavior and feeding activity increased.

Details on results:

- Other biological observations:
The mean measured concentrations of 14C-residues present in the muscle of bluegill exposed to 6.3 or 60.3 mg/L 14C-SPME exhibited little, if any, significant accumulation above minimum detectable limits during the entire exposure period. The mean measured concentration of 14C-residues present in the muscle tissue remained below minimum detectable limits throughout the 7 day depuration period

- Incidents in the course of the test which might have influenced the results: During study days 25-28 feeding activity decreased, some fish became dark and lethargic. Death occurred in 28% of this test group. Necropsies conducted on moribund or dead fish failed to find internal or
external parasites as a causative agent. Within 2 days of transfer of surviving bluegill to flowing, uncontaminated water these fish resumed a normal behavior and feeding activity increased. These observations suggest that the stress and mortality present in the bluegill population exposed to 60.3 mg/L
14C-SPME may be related to treatment. However, these effects were not substantiated by the toxicity tests conducted.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The LOEC for bluegill sunfish for long term toxicity to fish for 28 days was determined to be 60.3mg/l.

Executive summary:

28 day exposure of bluegill to aqueous concentrations of upto 60mg/l of test material were carried out in modified continuous-flow proportional dilution apparatus. Thirty-liter aquaria with 30 to 50 fish each were used to expose the test organisms. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study.

The mean measured aqueous concentrations of test material during the 28-day exposure period were 0, 6.3 ± 0.3 mg/l and 60.3 ± 2.5 mg/l. Survival (92%) of bluegill exposed to 6.3 mg/l test material was considered comparable to that of the control group (98%). No abnormal behavioral signs suggestive of toxic effects were observed. Bluegill exposed to 60.3 mg/L test material appeared normal and fed readily until the last week of the study.

During study days 25-28 feeding activity decreased, some fish became dark and lethargic. Death occurred in 28% of this test group. From the observation,the LOEC for bluegill sunfish for long term toxicity to fish for 28 days was determined to be 60.3mg/l.

Description of key information

Long term toxicity to fish:

28 day exposure of bluegill to aqueous concentrations of upto 60mg/l of test material were carried out in modified continuous-flow proportional dilution apparatus. Thirty-liter aquaria with 30 to 50 fish each were used to expose the test organisms. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study.

The mean measured aqueous concentrations of test material during the 28-day exposure period were 0, 6.3 ± 0.3 mg/l and 60.3 ± 2.5 mg/l. Survival (92%) of bluegill exposed to 6.3 mg/l test material was considered comparable to that of the control group (98%). No abnormal behavioral signs suggestive of toxic effects were observed. Bluegill exposed to 60.3 mg/L test material appeared normal and fed readily until the last week of the study.

During study days 25-28 feeding activity decreased, some fish became dark and lethargic. Death occurred in 28% of this test group. From the observation,the LOEC for bluegill sunfish for long term toxicity to fish for 28 days was determined to be 60.3mg/l.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

60.3 mg/L

Additional information

Long term toxicity to fish:

28 day exposure of bluegill to aqueous concentrations of upto 60mg/l of test material were carried out in modified continuous-flow proportional dilution apparatus. Thirty-liter aquaria with 30 to 50 fish each were used to expose the test organisms. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study.

The mean measured aqueous concentrations of test material during the 28-day exposure period were 0, 6.3 ± 0.3 mg/l and 60.3 ± 2.5 mg/l. Survival (92%) of bluegill exposed to 6.3 mg/l test material was considered comparable to that of the control group (98%). No abnormal behavioral signs suggestive of toxic effects were observed. Bluegill exposed to 60.3 mg/L test material appeared normal and fed readily until the last week of the study.

During study days 25-28 feeding activity decreased, some fish became dark and lethargic. Death occurred in 28% of this test group. From the observation,the LOEC for bluegill sunfish for long term toxicity to fish for 28 days was determined to be 60.3mg/l.

In another study , a fathead minnow early life stage chronic toxicity test was carried out to estimate the toxicity of test material. The eggs were less than 24h old at the start of the test. The nominal exposure concentrations were 0, 3.8, 7.5, 15 and 30 mg/L. No solvents were used. Each aquaria contained 5L of test solution.The test temperature was maintained at 25 ± 1°C by means of a circulating water bath.

Fifty eggs were placed in each oscillating egg cap. When hatching was complete, 96h after test initiation, all dead eggs were counted and percent hatchability calculated. At 30 days post hatch the study was ended and the fry were counted, weighed, and measured.

Water samples were collected for test material analysis on days -1,0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 20, 27 and 34. Twenty milliliters of water were collected from each aquaria and measured spectrophotometrically

 

Results indicate that test material did not affect any of the observed parameters as compared with the control fish.Therefore, the maximum applicable toxicant concentration (MATC) for fathead minnow for test material was determined to be >49.4 mg/l.