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EC number: 246-140-8 | CAS number: 24304-00-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 3 wk
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 1 400 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 3 wk
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 620 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 3 wk
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 620 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- other: body weight, total protein, GOT activity
- Duration:
- 3 wk
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC16
- Effect conc.:
- >= 320 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: The 16 % reproductive-impairment concentration is given since it represented a minimal reproducible value below which the variability in reproduction could not be detected from controls. Therefore considered to be equivalent to EC10.
- Details on results:
- No data
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Evaluation of concentration-response curve by the method of Litchfield and Wilcoxon (1949).
For reproductive both the 50 and 16 % reproduction-impairment concentrations are given. The 16 % reproductive-impairment concentration is given since it represented a minimal reproducible value below which the variability in reproduction could not be detected from controls. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Remarks:
- non-guideline study, but scientifically solid result published in peer-reviewed article
- Conclusions:
- Long-term (3 weeks) toxicity (LC50) of aluminium ions to Daphnia magna was determined to be ca. 1.4 mg/L, and EC16 (reproductive impairment, considered to be equivalent to the EC10) was determined to be ca. 320 µg/L.
- Executive summary:
The 21-day-chronic toxicity of aluminium to Daphnia magna was studied under static conditions. Daphnids were exposed to control and test chemical at nominal concentrations not reported in detail. The 21-day LC50based on mortality effect was 1400 µg/L. The 21-day EC10 based on sublethal effects was 320 µg/L. The sublethal effects included were impairment of reproduction, weight decrease, effect on protein content, effect on glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT). Production of offspring in the treated groups indicated that aluminium had an effect on the reproduction at concentrations greater than 320 µg/L. The most sensitive end point was reproduction.
This study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirements for a chronic toxicity study with freshwater invertebrates.
Results synopsis
Test organism age: 12 ± 12 h at test initiation
Test type: Static
EC10: 320 µg/L (in fact EC16, which provided the lowest reproducible value distinguishable from the controls, thus equivalent to EC10)
Endpoint effected: Reproduction
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance. For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 19.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: total NH3-N
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- (mean body length)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Not statistically significantly different from the control (Student-Newman-Keuls test; p=0.05)
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 33.07 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: total NH3-N
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: Significant difference to control (Student-Newman-Keuls test; p=0.05)
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of parent animals: 14, 9, 14, 0, 27, and 27 % (control, 3.99, 6.85, 11.75, 19.66, and 33.07 mg/L, respectively)
- No. of offspring produced per female: 24.6, 21.7, 22.7, 29.0, 20.8, and 6.4 (ordered as above)
- Body lengthof parent animals: 3.52, 3.57, 3.61, 3.73, 3.49, and 30.2 mm (ordered as above)
- Type and number of morphological abnormalities: No data
- Type and number of behavioural abnormalities: No data
- Number of males and females (parental): No data
- Time to first brood release or time to hatch: 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, and 9 (ordered as above)
- Egg development time: No data
- Brood size: No data
- Time to sexual maturity: Not applicable (parthenogenesis)
- Type and magnitude of biochemical changes: No data
- Other biological observations: No data
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Student-Newman-Keuls test for determination of LOEC and NOEC values.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Remarks:
- non-guideline study, but scientifically solid result published in peer-reviewed article
- Conclusions:
- A 21-d chronic renewal test was conducted with Daphnia magna. The lowest concentration of un-ionized ammonia found to cause an adverse effect on the daphnids was 1.3 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The 21-day-chronic toxicity of ammonia to Daphnia magna was studied under static renewal conditions.Daphnidswere exposed to control and test chemical at measured} concentrations of 3.99, 6.85, 11.75, 19.66, and 33.07 mg/L. The 21 day LC50based on mortality was not determinable (above the highest test concentration). The 21-day NOEC based on sublethal effects (reproduction) was 19.66 mg/L. The sublethal effects included were reproduction (number of offspring), time to first offspring production, and adult body length. Production of offspring in the treated groups indicated that ammonia had an effect on the reproduction at concentrations greater than 19.66 mg/L. The most sensitive end point was reproduction.
This study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirements for a chronic toxicity study with freshwater invertebrates.
Results synopsis
Test organism age: < 24 h at test initiation
Test type: Static renewal
NOEL: 19.66 mg/L (total ammonia nitrogen)
LOEC: 33.07 mg/L (total ammonia nitrogen)
Endpoint(s) effected: Reproduction, adult body length
The study was performed in accordance to the "Recommended bioassay procedure for Daphnia magna chronic tests in a flowing system" (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1972b) and the proposed standard practices for conducting D. magna renewal toxicity tests (Daphnia Task Group, ASTM Committee E-35). The study pre-dates issuance of test guidelines.
This information is used in a read-across approach in the assessment of the target substance. For details and justification of read-across please refer to the read-across report attached to IUCLID section 13.
Referenceopen allclose all
The test revelaed that at concentrations >= 620 µg/L the weight per animal was reduced by 38 %, protein content was increased by 3 %, and GOT activity was reduced by 13 % compared to the control group.
Table 12: Survival of adults, growth, and reproduction of Daphnia magna in a 21-d chronic ammonia toxicity test. Total ammonia concentrations are given in mg/L.
Measured total ammonia |
Adult survival (%) |
Mean length of survival adults (mm) |
Day when young first produced |
Mean number of young/adult |
Control |
86 |
3.52 |
7 |
24.6 |
3.99 |
91 |
3.57 |
7 |
21.7 |
6.85 |
86 |
3.61 |
7 |
22.7 |
11.75 |
100 |
3.73 |
7 |
29.0 |
19.66 |
73 |
3.49 |
7 |
20.8 |
33.07 |
73 |
3.02 |
9 |
6.4 |
Description of key information
The toxicity of aluminium nitride to aquatic invertebrates is determined by the released aluminium ions. The EC10 of 320 µg Al/L is forwarded to the hazard assessment as the relevant endpoint.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect concentration:
- 320 µg/L
Additional information
Toxicity of aluminium nitride to aquatic invertebrates can be elicited by aluminium ions and/or ammonia (NH3) released from the material during hydrolysis. Studies investigating the toxicities of the respective degradation products to invertebrates were retrieved from the public domain. The 21-day EC16 (minimal reproducible value, thus equivalent to EC10) of aluminium ions in Daphnia magna was determined to be 320 µg/L (Biesinger and Christensen, 1972). The 21-day NOEC of ammonia in Daphnia magna was determined to be 19.66 mg/L as total NH3-N (Reinbold and Pescitelli, 1982). Considering the amounts of degradation products released during hydrolysis (ca. 1 mg Al/L, ca. 2 mg NH3/L at maximum in a transformation/dissolution test) it is concluded that the effects aluminium nitride to aquatic invertebrates are dominated by the metal ions. Accordingly, the EC10 of 320 µg Al/L is forwarded to the hazard assessment as the relevant endpoint.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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