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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Eye irritation

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
eye irritation: in vivo
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
Testing was conducted between 16th June and 7th July 2014
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: GLP guideline study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2014
Report date:
2014

Materials and methods

Test guidelineopen allclose all
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Constituent 1
Test material form:
solid: particulate/powder
Remarks:
migrated information: powder

Test animals / tissue source

Species:
rabbit
Strain:
New Zealand White
Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
Animals and Animal Husbandry:
Two New Zealand White (Hsdlf:NZW) strain rabbits were supplied by Harlan Laboratories UK Ltd., Leicestershire, UK. At the start of the study the animals weighed 2.31 or 2.55 kg and were twelve to twenty weeks old. After an acclimatization period of at least five days each animal was given a number unique within the study which was written with a black indelible marker pen on the inner surface of the ear and on the cage label.

The animals were individually housed in suspended cages. Free access to mains drinking water and food (2930C Teklad Global Rabbit diet supplied by Harlan Laboratories UK Ltd., Oxon, UK) was allowed throughout the study. The diet and drinking water were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.

The temperature and relative humidity were set to achieve limits of 17 to 23 °C and 30 to 70% respectively. The rate of air exchange was at least fifteen changes per hour and the lighting was controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours continuous light (06:00 to 18:00) and twelve hours darkness.

The animals were provided with environmental enrichment items which were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.


Justification:
The rabbit is the preferred species of choice as historically used for irritation studies and is specified in the appropriate test guidelines. The number of animals used was the minimum required to achieve the objectives of the study. Testing was conducted in two animals and the response in those animals was such that exposure of a third animal would not affect classification of the test item, therefore, no further testing was needed.

Test system

Vehicle:
unchanged (no vehicle)
Controls:
other: The left eye remained untreated and was used for control purposes.
Amount / concentration applied:
TEST MATERIAL

- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit):
A volume of 0.1 mL of the test item, which was found to weigh approximately 50 mg (as measured by gently compacting the required volume into an adapted syringe) was placed into the conjunctival sac of the right eye, formed by gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball. The upper and lower eyelids were held together for about one second immediately after treatment, to prevent loss of the test item, and then released.

- Concentration (if solution):
Undiluted and used as supplied

VEHICLE
For the purpose of the study the test item was used as supplied
Duration of treatment / exposure:
72 hours
Observation period (in vivo):
Approximately 1 hour and 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment
Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
Testing was conducted in two animals and the response in those animals was such that exposure of a third animal would not affect classification of the test item, therefore, no further testing was needed.
Details on study design:
PROCEDURE:
Immediately before the start of the test, both eyes of the provisionally selected test rabbits were examined for evidence of ocular irritation or defect with the aid of a light source from a standard ophthalmoscope. Only animals free of ocular damage were used.

Initially, a single rabbit was treated. A subcutaneous injection of buprenorphine 0.01 mg/kg was administered 60 minutes prior to test item application to provide a therapeutic level of systemic analgesia. Five minutes prior to test item application, a pre dose anesthesia of ocular anesthetic (two drops of 0.5% tetracaine hydrochloride) was applied to each eye.

A volume of 0.1 mL of the test item, which was found to weigh approximately 50 mg (as measured by gently compacting the required volume into an adapted syringe) was placed into the conjunctival sac of the right eye, formed by gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball. The upper and lower eyelids were held together for about one second immediately after treatment, to prevent loss of the test item, and then released. The left eye remained untreated and was used for control purposes.

Eight hours after test item application, a subcutaneous injection of post dose analgesia, buprenorphine 0.01 mg/kg and meloxicam 0.5 mg/kg, was administered to provide a continued therapeutic level of systemic analgesia. The treated animal was checked for signs of pain and suffering approximately 12 hours later. No further analgesia was required.

After consideration of the ocular responses produced in the first treated animal, a second animal was similarly treated.

Assessment of ocular damage/irritation was made approximately 1 hour and 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment, according to the numerical evaluation (Draize, J.H, 1977) (please see the any other information on materials and methods section, including tables) to find the Draize scoring system.

Any other ocular effects were also noted. Examination of the eye was facilitated by the use of the light source from a standard ophthalmoscope.

Any clinical signs of toxicity, if present, were also recorded.

An additional observation was made on Day 7 to assess the reversibility of the ocular effects.

Individual body weights were recorded on Day 0 (the day of dosing) and at the end of the observation period.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Resultsopen allclose all
Irritation parameter:
cornea opacity score
Basis:
animal: 74403 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0
Max. score:
4
Reversibility:
other: No effects observed
Irritation parameter:
cornea opacity score
Basis:
animal: 74448 Male
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0
Max. score:
1.67
Reversibility:
other: No effects observed
Irritation parameter:
iris score
Basis:
animal: 74403 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0
Max. score:
2
Reversibility:
other: no effects observed
Irritation parameter:
iris score
Basis:
animal: 74448 Male
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
0.33
Max. score:
2
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 48 hours
Irritation parameter:
conjunctivae score
Remarks:
redness
Basis:
animal: 74403 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
1
Max. score:
3
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 7 days
Irritation parameter:
conjunctivae score
Remarks:
redness
Basis:
animal: 74448 Male
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
1.33
Max. score:
3
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 7 days
Irritation parameter:
chemosis score
Basis:
animal: 74403 Female
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
1
Max. score:
4
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 7 days
Irritation parameter:
chemosis score
Basis:
animal: 74448 Male
Time point:
other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
Score:
1
Max. score:
4
Reversibility:
fully reversible within: 7 days
Irritant / corrosive response data:
Individual scores for ocular irritation are given in Table 1* (please see the any other information on results section, including tables)

Black staining of the fur was noted around one treated eye throughout the study.

No corneal effects were noted during the study.

Iridial inflammation was noted in both treated eyes 1 hour after treatment and in one treated eye at the 24 Hour observation.

Moderate conjunctival irritation was noted in both treated eyes 1 hour after treatment with minimal conjunctival irritation noted at the 24, 48 and 72 Hour observations.

Both treated eyes appeared normal at the 7 Day observation.

* Table 1 can be found in the any other information on results section (including tables)
Other effects:
Body weight:
Both animals showed expected gain in body weight during the study.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1     Individual Scores and Individual Total Scores for Ocular Irritation

Rabbit Number and Sex

74403Female

74448Male

IPR= 0

IPR = 0

Time After Treatment

1
Hour

24
Hours

48
Hours

72
Hours

7
Days

1
Hour

24
Hours

48
Hours

72
Hours

7
Days

CORNEA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

E = Degree of Opacity

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

F = Area of Cornea Involved

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Score (E x F) x 5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

IRIS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

D

1

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

Score (D x 5)

5

0

0

0

0

5

5

0

0

0

CONJUNCTIVAE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A = Redness

1

1

1

1

0

2

2

1

1

0

B = Chemosis

1

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

1

0

C = Discharge

2Sf

1Sf

1Sf

0Sf

0Sf

1

0

0

0

0

Score (A + B + C) x 2

8

6

6

4

0

8

6

4

4

0

Total Score

13

6

6

4

0

13

11

4

4

0

 


IPR= Initial pain reaction

Sf = Black staining of the fur around the treated eye

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:
not irritating
Remarks:
Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
Conclusions:
The test item does not meet the criteria for classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, relating to the Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures.
Executive summary:

Introduction:

The study was performed to assess the irritancy potential of the test item to the eye of the New Zealand White rabbit.

 

 Results:

A single application of the test item to the non-irrigated eye of two rabbits produced iridial inflammation and moderate conjunctival irritation. Both treated eyes appeared normal at the 7‑Day observation.

 

 Conclusion:

The test item does not meet the criteria for classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, relating to the Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures.