Chromate(2-), [4-[(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)azo]-2,4-dihydro-5-methyl-2-phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-onato(2-)][3-[[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-4-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzenesulfonato(3-)]-, disodium

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Remarks:

BOD value

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

21 October, 1993 to 22 November, 1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

None

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.5 (Degradation: Biochemical Oxygen Demand)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Aerate over night after addition of the inoculum

Principles of method if other than guideline:

None

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Test substance
Code number: FAT 20202/E
Batch-Nr.:Op. 161
Purity: 70.1 %
Appearance: solid
Solubility: 100 g/l (in water)
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: 03/98

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

other: Seeding water of an urban waste water

Duration of test (contact time):

5 d

Initial conc.:

6 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Details on study design:

Experimental conditions
Temperature: 20 ± 1 °C
Duration: 5 days
Test concentrations : 771.7, 385.9, 192.9, 96.5, 48.2, 24.1, 12.1 and 6.0 mg test substance/l dilution water.

Validity
Blank BOD5: should preferably not exceed 0.5 mg O2/I
Reference substance: BOD5: between 180 - 230 mg O2/I
Test substance: 02-concentration after 5 days: between one-third and two-thirds of the initial 02-concentration.

Reference substance:

other: Glucose/Glutamic acid solution

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Key result

Parameter:

BOD5

Value:

0 mg O2/g test mat.

Results with reference substance:

The BOD5 of Glucose/Glutamic acid solution is 185 mg O2/I.

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

The BOD of FAT 20202/E was 0.0 mg O2/g test mat.

Executive summary:

The biochemical oxygen demand of FAT 20202/E is determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration before and after 5 days incubation at 20 °C in different test concentrations diluted in water saturated with dissolved oxygen and containing a seed of microorganisms. The test was carried out according to ISO 5815 Second Edition 1989-08-01 (E) corresponding to 92/69/EEC C.5. The test substance was tested in concentrations from about 6 to 771.7 mg/l. The reference substance D(+)-Glucose / L-Glutamic acid was tested in a concentration of 20 ml/I. Based on the results, the BOD5 of FAT 20202/E was 0 mg O₂/g. The BOD5 of the reference substance: 185 mg O₂/I.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening test, other

Remarks:

COD value

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

12 October, 1993 to 17 November, 1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

None

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.6 (Degradation: Chemical Oxygen Demand)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Mean of 2 determinations instead of 3

Principles of method if other than guideline:

None

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Test substance
Code number: FAT 20202/E
Batch-Nr.:Op. 161
Purity: 70.1 %
Appearance: solid
Solubility: 100 g/l (in water)
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: 03/98

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

not specified

Details on inoculum:

None

Duration of test (contact time):

2 h

Initial conc.:

10 other: mg

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

other: COD

Details on study design:

Experimental conditions
Sample weight: 10.0 mg of the test substance
Temperature: 148 ± 3 °C
Duration: 2 hours

Reference substance:

other: Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution (Merck-Nr. 11769)

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Key result

Parameter:

COD

Value:

545 mg O2/g test mat.

Results with reference substance:

The COD of Potassium hydrogen phthalate is 198 mg O2/l.

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

The COD of the test substance FAT 20202/E is 545 mg O2/g.

Executive summary:

A predeterminated amount of the test substance FAT 20202/E dissolved in water was oxidized by potassium dichromate in a strong sulphuric acid medium with silver sulphate as a catalyst under reflux for 2 hours. The residual dichromate was determined by titration with standardized ferrous ammonium sulphate. The test was carried out according to DEV DIN 38'409 - H 41-1 (1980) corresponding to 92/96/EEC C.6. The test substance was tested with a sample weight of 10.0 mg. The reference substance Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution was tested in a concentration of 20 ml/I.

Based on the results, the COD of FAT 20202/E is 545 mg O₂/g. The COD of the reference substance is: 198 mg O₂/I.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening test, other

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

23 September, 1993 to 23 November, 1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

None

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

The sludge concentration in the test was 1030 mg/l instead of 200 -1000 mg/l as recommended in the guidelines. The temperature in the test vessel was outside the range of 19 °C - 25 °C on the 2. day. (App.Nr. 5, temp.: 18.8 °C.)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

None

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Test substance
Code number: FAT 20202/E
Batch-Nr.:Op. 161
Purity: 70.1 %
Appearance: solid
Solubility: 100 g/l (in water)
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: 03/98

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

other: Sludge of a biological sewage treatment plant

Details on inoculum:

Sludge of a biological sewage treatment plant (ARA-Therwil) collected on September 28,1993

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

150 mg/L

Based on:

other: DOC nominal

Details on study design:

Experimental conditions
Water / Nutrient: ccording to the specification of the EEC L133 (pp. 99-105) Volume 31 resp. OECD Method 302B.
Temperature: 22.0 ± 3 °C (room temperature)
Test duration: 28 days
Lighting: indirect daylight

Reference substance:

diethylene glycol

Preliminary study:

None

Test performance:

None

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: Standard deviation not available

Details on results:

None

Results with reference substance:

The bioelimination, corrected by the blank control and measured as DOC (mg/l) is: 99.5 % 12th day

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

The biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 0 %.

Executive summary:

The inherent biodegradability of FAT 20202/E was determined in a 28 days test according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 302B. The test substance was tested in a concentration of 150 mg/l. The reference substance was diethylene glycol. Based on the results of the study, biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 0 %.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

22 April, 1998 to 04 June, 1998

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

None

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

None

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Code no.: FAT 20202/H
Batch no.: EN001911.F7
Purity: ca. 58 %
Appearance: red powder
Solubility: 50 g/L
Storage: room temperature
Expiration date: 03/2003

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

other: Activated sludge obtained from a communal wastewater treatment plant

Details on inoculum:

Activated sludge of a communal sewage treatment plant (ARA Pro Rheno Basel) collected on April 21, 1998 was washed twice with tap water one day before the test was started.

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

143 mg/L

Based on:

DOC

Initial conc.:

144 mg/L

Based on:

DOC

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Details on study design:

Experimental conditions:
Sludge dry weight: 0.46 g/l
DOC of distilled water: 0 mg/l
DOC content of test substance: 36.8 %
Amount of test substance (conc.): 408 mg/l
Test volume: 2 litres
Test duration: 28 days
Aeration: continuously aerated by passing fritted glass
Agitation: continuously stirred with a magnetic stirrer
Lighting: diffuse daylight

Reference substance:

diethylene glycol

Preliminary study:

None

Test performance:

None

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

7

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: Standard Deviation not available

Details on results:

Test substance Adsorption after 3 hours 0 %
Biodegradation after 28 days 7 %
Total elimination after 28 days 4 %
Reference substance Biodegradation after 14 days 98 %

Results with reference substance:

Reference substance Biodegradation after 14 days 98 %

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

The biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 7 %.

Executive summary:

The inherent biodegradability of FAT 20202/F was determined in a 28 days Zahn-Wellens/ EMPA Test conducted according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 302B. The test substance was tested in a concentration of 143 and 144 mg/l DOC. Diethylene glycol was tested as a reference. Based on the results of the study, biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 7 %.

Description of key information

FAT 20202 was determined to be not readily biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Type of water:

freshwater

Additional information

The inherent biodegradability of FAT 20202/E was determined in a 28 days Test according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 302B. The test substance was tested in a concentration of 150 mg/l. The reference substance was diethylene glycol. Based on the results of the study, biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 0 %. In a similar study with FAT 20202/F conducted according to OECD Guideline 302B, the biodegradation after 28 days was found to be 7 %. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) of FAT 20202/E was investigated out according to ISO 5815 Second Edition 1989-08-01 (E) corresponding to 92/69/EEC C.5. Based on the findings of the study, the BOD5 of FAT 20202/E was determined to be 0 mg O₂/g. A predeterminated amount of the test substance FAT 20202/E dissolved in water is oxidized by potassium dichromate in a strong sulphuric acid medium with silver sulphate as a catalyst under reflux for 2 hours. The residual dichromate is determined by titration with standardized ferrous ammonium sulphate. The test was carried out according to DEV DIN 38'409 - H 41-1 (1980) corresponding to 92/96/EEC C.6. The test substance was tested with a sample weight of 10 mg. Based on the findings of the study, the COD of FAT 20202/E was determined to be 545 mg O₂/g. Based on these results, the corresponding BOD₅/COD quotient for FAT 20202/E is equivalent to zero, so rapid biodegradation is not expected. The BOD₅/COD ratios for FAT 20202/A, FAT 20202/B and FAT 20202/D were found to be <0.5 as well, hence supporting the conclusion that Acid Red 407 is not readily biodegradable.

FAT 20202/A: BOD5 = 70 mg O₂/g, COD = 910 mg O₂/g

FAT 20202/B: BOD5 = 0 mg O₂/g, COD = 781 mg O₂/g

FAT 20202/D: BOD5 = 22 mg O₂/g, COD = 1571 mg O₂/g