Sulphuryl dichloride

Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term repeated dose toxicity: inhalation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

basic data given, peer reviewed, documentation incomplete (method, clinical observations, hematology results, histopathology results described) Although the study documentation is incomplete, the results described are nevertheless reliable, as the data were produced and published by recognized institutions. Furthermore the results are plausible and in line with all other evidence regarding the chemical and biological properties, i.e. corrosivity, of sulfuryl chloride and its hydrolysis products hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and chlorosulfonic acid.

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Acute and subacute inhalation toxicity of sulfuryl chloride in rats.

Author:

Kelly, D.P. and Stula, E.F.

Year:

1983

Bibliographic source:

The Toxicologist Vol.3, No. 1, p.62

Reference 2

Reference Type:

secondary source

Title:

Sulfuryl chloride, CAS N° 7791-25-5, SIDS Initial Assessment Report

Author:

OECD

Year:

2002

Bibliographic source:

UNEP publications

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Method: other: no data

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Sulphuryl dichloride

EC Number:

232-245-6

EC Name:

Sulphuryl dichloride

Cas Number:

7791-25-5

Molecular formula:

Cl2O2S

IUPAC Name:

sulfuroyl dichloride

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Sulfuryl chloride as vapor
Purity: approx. 100 % (specially distilled batch)

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

male

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

inhalation

Duration of treatment / exposure:

2 weeks

Frequency of treatment:

6 hours/day and 5 days/week

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
0, 3, 10 or 30 [20] pmm (0, 17, 55, or 166 [110] mg/m3)(measured: 0,0; 3,1; 9,8; 22,3 ppm)
Basis:

Control animals:

yes

Details on study design:

Post-exposure period: up to 2 weeks

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:

effects observed, treatment-related

Mortality:

mortality observed, treatment-related

Body weight and weight changes:

effects observed, treatment-related

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

not specified

Food efficiency:

not specified

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

not specified

Ophthalmological findings:

not specified

Haematological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Clinical biochemistry findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Urinalysis findings:

not specified

Behaviour (functional findings):

not specified

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

effects observed, treatment-related

Gross pathological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

effects observed, treatment-related

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

no effects observed

Details on results:

CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY: The highest exposure concentration (30 ppm) was reduced to 20 ppm after 2 exposures due to excessive weight loss and terminated after 8 exposures due to the death of 2 rats. No mortalities in other exposure groups.
Clinical signs: labored breathing, red discharge from nose, swollen nose, reduced body temperature

BODY WEIGHT AND WEIGHT GAIN: excessive weight loss after 30 ppm, reduced body weight at low and mid dose levels; normal weight gain during reovery

HAEMATOLOGY: Immediately after exposure there was a dose-dependent increase in blood RBC's, hematocrit, and haemoglobin levels in the mid and high dose groups; WBC and neutrophils increased after the high dose

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: increased blood urea nitrogen in all treated groups; increased chloesterol in mid and high dose groups

ORGAN WEIGHTS: Immediately after exposure there was a dose-dependent increase in lung-to-body weight ratio in the mid and high dose groups.

GROSS PATHOLOGY: lungs not collapsed in mid and high dose animals

HISTOPATHOLOGY: NON-NEOPLASTIC: Mid and high dosed rats showed a fibrino-necrotic bronchopneumonia; in addition, the high-level rats showed a fibrino-purulent rhinitis. lympgoid atrophy in thymus, In the 3 ppm group the only effects were an apparent exacerbation of naturally occurring murine pneumonitis.

OTHER FINDINGS: There was marked recovery from these lesions and a return to normal weight-gains two weeks later. There was a decrease of monocytes in all treated groups at the end of the recovery period.

Effect levels

Dose descriptor:

LOAEL

Effect level:

17 mg/m³ air

Sex:

male

Target system / organ toxicity

Critical effects observed:

not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

There was marked recovery from these lesions and a return to normal weight-gains two weeks later. There was a decrease of monocytes in all  treated groups at the end of the recovery period.

Statistical results: no data