1-chlorooctane

Long-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

fish early-life stage toxicity

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2003

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Report date:

2003

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 210 (Fish, Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1-chlorooctane

EC Number:

203-915-5

EC Name:

1-chlorooctane

Cas Number:

111-85-3

Molecular formula:

C8H17Cl

IUPAC Name:

1-chlorooctane

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

A sample of the test solution was taken from each vessel at the start of the test and once a week during the test (on day 7, 14, 21, 28, 35).

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Eluate: The test substance was added to supplemental solution and dillute with dillution water at a specific flow rate.
- Controls: control with dilution water only, vehicle control
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): dimethylformamide HCO-60
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium: stock solution: 12000 mg/L, final concentration: 1.2 mg/L, vehicle control with 1.2 mg/L vehicle
- Evidence of undissolved material: none, test solution was colorless and transparent

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Oryzias latipes

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Japanese rice fish
- Strain: Oryzias latipes
- Source: home breeding

METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF FERTILIZED EGGS
- Method of collection of fertilised eggs: Fertilized, healthy and normal eggs were collected and used in the test. the eggs were examined under the microscope to identify eggs in the same developemental stage

POST-HATCH FEEDING
- Start date: immediately after hatching
- Type/source of feed: brine shrimp hatchling
- Amount given: saturated amount
- Frequency of feeding: 1-2 times/d to larvae and juvenile fish

Study design

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

40 d

Test conditions

Hardness:

30-100

Test temperature:

egg/embryo: 24+/- 1 °C, larvae, juvenile fish 23 +/-2 °C. <1.5 °C differences between test vessels and during the days of the test

pH:

no pH adjustment, pH 6.0 - 8.5

Dissolved oxygen:

60% or more of the saturated concentration

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 0.015 mg/L, 0.038 mg/L, 0.095 mg/L, 0.24 mg/L 0.60 mg/L
measured: 50-75% of the nominal concentration -> arithmetric mean of the measured concentrations were used for calculation

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Emybro cups: stainless micro-pore net, hung in the test vessel for the embryos before the hatching
- Type (delete if not applicable): flow trough, covered with teflon sheet
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 3.0 Lglass tank, filled with 2.5 L
- Aeration: no aeration
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): renewal 18 times/day, 46 L/vessel/day
- No. of fertilized eggs/embryos per vessel: 20
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3 vessels/concnetration
- No. of vessels per control (replicates):
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates):
- Biomass loading rate: 0.5 g/L/day, not more than 5 g/L

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: de-chlorinated tap water

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light, 8 h darkness
- Light intensity: room light, 1000 lux or less
-Vehicle control performed: yes
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: the concentration used in the definitive study were based on a preliminary acute toxicity test

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

40 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.057 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: set value:0.095 mg/L

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

40 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

0.161 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: set value: 0.24 mg/L

Details on results:

- Mortality/survival at embryo, larval, juvenile, and adult stages: mean survival rate of the control 96.4% and the vehicle control 92.3%
- Days to hatch or time to release of young: days to hatch: 9.99± 0.40 to 10.81 ±0.06
- Numbers hatched: hatching rate of the control 90.0% and of the vehicle control 88.3%, number hatched: 16 to 30
- Observations on body length and weight of young at the end of the test: No difference in length and weigth were found between the control and the test concentrations groups, except for set value 0.60 mg/L (0.397 mg/L meas.), where significant differences in length and weigth were found. The mean length of the control was 15.4 ± 2.0 mm and 62 ± 22 mg
- Number of healthy fish at end of test: Healthy fish rate in the control group: 86.7 ±7.9 % no differences in the test concentrations, with exception for 0.60 mg/L with a healthy fish rate of 0.0%
- Type of and number with abnormalities: The rate of anomalies in the control was in the range of natural occuring abnormalities. During the test, anomalities like abnormal swimming behaviour, paralysis, curved were observed in the concentration groups 0.24 mg/L and 0.397 mg/L, but were not detected at the end of the test
- Other biological observations: no changes in food consumption

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The early life stage test of 1-chlorooctane with Japanese rice fish determined the NOEC as 0.0567 mg/L and the LOEC as 0.161 mg/L.