Alcohols, C14-18 and C16-18-unsatd.

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study conducted to OECD and EC guidelines and in compliance with GLP

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Samples were taken from the control and the 100 mg/L loading rate WAF test groups from the bulk test preparation at 0 hours and from the pooled replicates (replicates R1 – R4) at
48 hours for quantitative analysis.
The test samples were thawed with the aid of sonication. The test samples (100 mL), plus 30 g sodium chloride, were extracted directly with 10 mL of hexane in the same bottle. An aliquot of the hexane layer was taken for analysis

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Due to the low aqueous solubility and complex nature of the test item, for the purposes of the test, the test medium was prepared as a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF).
Following a preliminary range-finding test, twenty daphnids (4 replicates of 5 animals) were exposed to a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) of the test item at a nominal loading rate of 100 mg/L for 48 hours at a temperature of 22 C under static test conditions.
Immobilization and any adverse reactions to exposure were recorded after 24 and 48 hours.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Daphnia magna is a freshwater invertebrate representative of a wide variety of natural habitats, and can therefore be considered as an important non-target organism in freshwater ecosystems.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

other: The reconstituted water had a pH of 7.8 ± 0.2 adjusted (if necessary) with NaOH or HCl and was aerated until the dissolved oxygen concentration was approximately air-saturation value.

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

The reconstituted water had an approximate theoretical total hardness of 250 mg/L as CaCO3.

Test temperature:

Control: 0 hours = 22 °C, 24 hours = 22 °C, 48 hours = 22 °C
Test substance (100 mg/l): 0 hours = 22 °C, 24 hours = 22 °C, 48 hours = 22 °C

pH:

Control: 0 hours = pH 7.7, 48 hours = pH 7.9
Test substance (100 mg/L): 0 hours = pH 7.8, 48 hours = pH 8.0

Dissolved oxygen:

Control: 0 hours = 8.8 mgO2/L, 48 hours = 8.8 mgO2/L
Test substance (100 mg/L): 0 hours = 8.7 mgO2/L, 48 hours = 8.7 mgO2/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Due to the low aqueous solubility and complex nature of the test item, for the purposes of the study the test medium was prepared as a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) of the test item.
Range-finding test: In the range-finding test Daphnia magna were exposed to a series of nominal loading rates of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L.
Based on the results of the range-finding test a "limit test" was conducted at a loading rate of 100 mg/L to confirm that at highest attainable test concentration no immobilization or adverse reactions to exposure were observed.

Details on test conditions:

In the definitive test 150 mL glass jars containing approximately 100 mL of test preparation were used. At the start of the test 5 daphnids were placed in each test and control vessel at random, in the test preparations. Four replicate test and control vessels were prepared. The test vessels were then covered to reduce evaporation and maintained in a temperature controlled room maintaining the water temperature at 18 to 22 °C with a maximum deviation of ±1 °C with a photoperiod of 16 hours light (between 200 and 1200 lux) and 8 hours darkness with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods. The daphnids were not individually identified, received no food during exposure and the test vessels were not aerated.
The control group was maintained under identical conditions but not exposed to the test item.
The test preparations were not renewed during the exposure period.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Basis for effect:

mortality

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOELR

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Basis for effect:

mortality

Details on results:

There was no immobilization in 20 daphnids exposed to a 100 mg/L loading rate WAF for a period of 48 hours.
The No Observed Effect Loading rate after 24 and 48 hours exposure was 100 mg/L loading rate WAF.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

A positive control used potassium dichromate as the reference item at concentrations of 0.32, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8 and 3.2 mg/L.
Exposure conditions for the positive control were similar to those in the definitive test.
The No Observed Effect Concentration is based upon equal to or less than 10% immobilization at this concentration.
The results from the positive control with potassium dichromate were within the normal range for this reference item.

Conclusions:

The acute toxicity of the test item to the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna has been investigated and gave a 48-Hour EL50 value of greater than 100 mg/L loading rate WAF. The No Observed Effect Loading rate was 100 mg/L loading rate WAF.

Description of key information

Test the acute toxicity of the test item toDaphnia magna. 

48-Hour EL₅₀value of greater than 100 mg/L loading rate WAF. The No Observed Effect Loading rate was 100 mg/L loading rate WAF.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L

Additional information

The result above is based on a limit test and is not the actual value

Due to the low aqueous solubility and complex nature of the test item, for the purposes of the test, the test medium was prepared as a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF).