Tetrahydro-4-methylphthalic anhydride

Repeated dose toxicity: oral

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral

Remarks:

combined repeated dose and reproduction / developmental screening

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1995.12.6-1997.6.5

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: This study was conducted according to OECED guidelines and was performed under GLP.

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1997

Report date:

1997

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1997

Report date:

1997

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 422 (Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction / Developmental Toxicity Screening Test)

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Tetrahydromethylphthalic anhydride

EC Number:

234-290-7

EC Name:

Tetrahydromethylphthalic anhydride

Cas Number:

11070-44-3

IUPAC Name:

3a-methyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): tetrahydromethyl-1,3-isobenzofurandione
- Analytical purity: 99.7%
- Purity test date: 1997-2
- Lot/batch No.: 2522

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Crj: CD(SD)

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles river Japan
- Age at study initiation: purchase at 9 weeks old, 1st. administration at 10 weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: male: 356.3-394.4g, female: 213.5-252.9g
- Fasting period before study: 18hr
- Housing: dosing period: stainless hanger gage, one animal/cage, mating period: polycarbonate gage with wood chip
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: one week


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22-26°C
- Humidity (%): 45-65%
- Air changes (per hr): 13 times/hr
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):12/12 AM07:00-PM07:00

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

corn oil

Details on oral exposure:

VEHICLE
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle (if other than water): Corn oil is used generally
- Concentration in vehicle: 0.6, 2 and 6w/v%
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 5mL/kg
- Lot/batch no. (if required): V5P5831, nakalai tesque Co.

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

not specified

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

no details given

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Males; for 49 days Females; from 14 days before mating to day 3 of lactation (38 days in total)

Frequency of treatment:

one administration/day

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
0(Vehicle), 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg/day (in corn oil)
Basis:
actual ingested

No. of animals per sex per dose:

Doses is 0, 30, 100 and 300mg/kg. 12 animals per sex per dose.

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Details on study design:

- Dose selection rationale: oral, one of the identical exposure route for humans

Positive control:

no details given

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: one time per day
- Cage side observations: general symptom

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: No
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: male:two times/week
female: two times/ week at pre-mating period, in pregant period: day at 0, 4, 7,10, 14, 17 and 21, in lactation period: the day 0 and 4.

FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE:
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: Yes
male: two times/week
female: two times/ week at pre-mating period, in pregnant period: day at 1, 4, 7,10, 14, 17 and 21, in lactation period: the day 1 and 4.

FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No

OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No

HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: after dosing period
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: Yes (identity): Pentobarbital-Na i.p.
- Animals fasted: Yes
- How many animals: All of male
- Parameters checked in table (see below in remarks field) were examined.: WBC, RBC, Hb, Ht, PLT

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood:after dosing period (same time for HEMATOLOGY)
- Animals fasted: Yes
- How many animals:All of male
- Parameters checked in table (see below in remarks field) were examined.: TP, ALB, A/G, Bil, GOT, GPT, TGace, ALP, TG, PL, Giu, BUN, CRE, P, Ca, Na, K, Cl

URINALYSIS: No

NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No

Sacrifice and pathology:

GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes (see below in remarks field)
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes (see below in remarks field)

Other examinations:

no details given

Statistics:

no details given

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:

effects observed, treatment-related

Mortality:

mortality observed, treatment-related

Body weight and weight changes:

effects observed, treatment-related

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

not examined

Food efficiency:

not specified

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

not examined

Ophthalmological findings:

not examined

Haematological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Clinical biochemistry findings:

not specified

Urinalysis findings:

not specified

Behaviour (functional findings):

not specified

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

effects observed, treatment-related

Gross pathological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

not specified

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

no effects observed

Details on results:

CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY
Three animals (male and female of 300mg/kg group and male of 30mg/kg group) is died by the accident at administration. Salivation was observed in 4-9(/12) animals at male 300 mg/kg on and after day 36. Salivation was observed immediately after administration, and continued about 30 min.

BODY WEIGHT AND WEIGHT GAIN
No stat. sig. difference from controls.

FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE
No stat. sig. difference from controls except one case (male 30 mg/kg, day 49, increase in consumption).

FOOD EFFICIENCY
Not examined

WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if drinking water study)
Not examined

OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION
Not examined

HAEMATOLOGY
No stat. sig. difference from controls.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
Males: Decrease of total cholesterol and BUN, increase of triglyceride at 300 mg/kg (p<0.05). Decrease of A/G ratio at 100 mg/kg (p<0.05). See Table 1 in overall remarks

URINALYSIS
Not examined

NEUROBEHAVIOUR
Not examined

ORGAN WEIGHTS
Male: Increase in kidney weight and adrenal weight at 100 mg/kg (absolute) (p<0.05), Increase in adrenal weight at 300 mg/kg (relative) (p<0.05)
Female: No stat. sig. difference from controls
See Table 2 in overall remarks

GROSS PATHOLOGY
hyperplasia(male:11/11, female 8/12) at forestomach mucosa (in 300mg/kg, terminal sacrifice)

HISTOPATHOLOGY: NON-NEOPLASTIC
See Table 3, Table 4, Table 5 in overall remarks.

Effect levels

1

Dose descriptor:

NOEL

Effect level:

30 other: mg/kg

Sex:

male

Basis for effect level:

other: hypertrophy of Gastric mucosa, 1/12

2

Dose descriptor:

NOEL

Effect level:

100 other: mg/kg

Sex:

female

Basis for effect level:

other: hypertrophy of Gastric mucosa, 9/12

3

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

100 other: mg/kg

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: hypertrophy of Gastric mucosa, 12/12

Target system / organ toxicity

Critical effects observed:

not specified

Any other information on results incl. tables

NOAEL : Male = 100 mg/kg bw

Female = 100 mg/kg bw

Relative and/or absolute adrenal and/or kidney(s) weigh increase was observed in male 100 and/or 300mg/kg group, but no histopathological change was observed, so the author excluded this observation. Squeamous hyperplasia was observed in only one male of 100 mg/kg group, and 8/12 females of 300mg/kg.

Therefore, the NOAEL was determined to be 100mg/kg in both sex.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

A NOAEL of 100 mg/kg bw/day was determined in a combined repeated dose/reproduction toxicity study (OECD 422) in rats based on decreased clinical chemistry parameters, changes in organ weights and inflammation of the forestomach mucosa.

Executive summary:

Tetrahydromethylphthalic anhydride (MTHPA) was administered by gavage at doses of 0, 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg/day for 49 days in males and from 14 days before mating to day 3 of lactation in females (total number of 38 days). All animals survived at all treated group, except three animals died by accident (one female in 30 mg/kg, one male in 300 mg/kg and one female in 300 mg/kg group). Salivation was transiently observed in males of 300 mg/kg group at the day 36-49. Histopathological examination revealed squamous hyperplasia of the forestomach in both sexes of the 300 mg/kg group, epithelial vascular change, edema and cellular inflammation of the forestomach in males of the 300 mg/kg group, and erosion of the forestomach in females of 300 mg/kg group. There were no adverse effects on body weight and food consumption. There were no alterations related to tetrahydromethyl-1, 3-isobenzofuranedione on hematological examination. Decreased total cholesterol and BUN and increased triglyceride were observed in males of the 300 mg/kg. As a gross finding, mucosal thickening of the forestomach was found in both sexes of the 300 mg/kg group. Increased adrenal weights were observed in males of the 300 mg/kg group.

The major toxicity was inflammation of stomach mucosa. On the basis of this study, NOEL is 30mg/kg/day (male), 100mg/kg/day (female) and NOAEL is considered to be100 mg/kg/day for both sexes.