Lithium amide

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2017-01-23 to 2017-05-12

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

adopted 17th July 1992

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)

Version / remarks:

30th May 2008

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD guidance document no. 23, GUIDANCE DOCUMENT ON AQUATIC TOXICITY TESTING OF DIFFICULT SUBSTANCES AND MIXTURES

Version / remarks:

adopted 14th December 2000

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Expiration date of the batch: 2017-03-11

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: Room Temperature (20 ± 5 °C); Keep under inert gas

OTHER SPECIFICS: fine powder, white to grey

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 4.6, 10, 22, 46, 100 mg/L

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebrafish
- Strain: Hamilton-Buchanan
- Source: Dehner Garten Center, 67433 Neustadt, Germany
- Age at study initiation: sexually immature young fish
- Length at study initiation (mean, range): 2 ± 1 cm

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 12 days
- Acclimation conditions: same as test
- Type and amount of food during acclimation: warm water fish food , totaling about 1-2 % of body weight per day
- Feeding frequency during acclimation: three times a day
- Health during acclimation: mortality did not surpass 5 %

FEEDING DURING TEST
- 24 hours before the start of the test, the test fish were no longer fed.

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

0.83 mmol/L

Test temperature:

21.2 - 23.7 °C

pH:

7.5 - 8.3

Dissolved oxygen:

6.7 - 9.7 mg/L

Conductivity:

228 µS/cm

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 4.6, 10.0, 22.0, 46.0, 100.0 mg/L
Calculated: 4.0 - 4.4, 8.8 - 9.9, 19.1 - 21.2, 41.6 - 45.1, 93.1 - 93.8 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: aquaria
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, max. 10 L, fill volume 7 L
- Renewal rate of test solution: after 48 h
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 1 fish/L

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source of dilution water: Good quality drinking water
- Total organic carbon: < 0.5 mg/L
- Metals (mg/L): aluminium 0.011, iron < 0.005, lead < 0.001, copper < 0.001, nickel < 0.001, lead < 0.001
- Pesticides: < LOD
- Chlorine: 10 mg/L
- Ca/mg ratio: ca. 9:1
- Culture medium different from test medium: No

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 12 / 12 h

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Observations were made every 24 hours, measuring pH and O2-concentration of the old and new test solution in each vessel and documenting mortalities or abnormal behaviour.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: ca. 2.2
- Test concentrations: Nominal: 4.6, 10.0, 22.0, 46.0, 100.0 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

45 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

46 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

22 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Table 1: Mortality

Nominal Conc. in mg/L	Total Number of Fish used	Number of dead Fish
		24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
Blank Control	7	0	0	0	0
4.6	7	0	0	0	0
10.0	7	0	0	0	0
22.0	7	0	0	0	0
46.0	7	2	3	3	4
100.0	7	7	7	7	7

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

In an acute short term toxicity study according to OECD Guideline 203 in Danio rerio, a LC50 of 45 mg/L was determined.

Executive summary:

A static freshwater toxicity test was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of lithium amide to zebrafish, Danio rerio according to OECD Guideline 203. Mean calculated concentration of lithium amide ranged from 4.0 to 93.8 mg/L and from 86 to 98 % of nominal. The pH of the test solutions was not affected by the presence of lithium amide. The pH values of all test solutions ranged from 7.9 to 8.3 at test initiation and from 7.6 to 8.0 for the remainder of the test. Mortality of the zebra fish exposed for 96 hours to lithium amide ranged from 0 % at test concentrations ≤ 22.0 mg/L to 100 % at 100.0 mg /L (nominal). No mortality occurred in the dilution water control. The 96-hour LC50 was 45.0 mg/L. The NOEC of 22.0 mg/L was based on a lack of mortality and the absence of sublethal effects at this and all lower test concentrations.

Description of key information

In an acute short term toxicity study according to OECD Guideline 203 in Danio rerio (Zebra fish), an LC50 of 45 mg/L was determined.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

45 mg/L

Additional information

A static freshwater toxicity test was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of lithium amide to zebrafish, Dario rerio according to OECD Guideline 203. Mean calculated concentration of lithium amide ranged from 4.0 to 93.8 mg /L and from 86 to 98 % of nominal. The pH of the test solutions was not affected by the presence of lithium amide. The pH values of all test solutions ranged from 7.9 to 8.3 at test initiation and from 7.6 to 8.0 for the remainder of the test. Mortality of the zebra fish exposed for 96 hours to lithium amide ranged from 0 % at test concentrations ≤ 22.0 mg/L to 100 % at 100.0 mg /L (nominal). No mortality occurred in the dilution water control. The 96-hour LC50 was 45.0 mg/L. The NOEC of 22.0 mg/L was based on a lack of mortality and the absence of sublethal effects at this and all lower test concentrations.