Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

data from handbook or collection of data

Remarks:

experimental data of read across substances

Justification for type of information:

Data for the target chemical is summarized based on the structurally similar read across chemicals

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: as mentioned below

Principles of method if other than guideline:

WoE report is based on two biodegradation studies as-
1. and 2.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material: Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine
- Molecular formula: C11H23N7O3S
- Molecular weight: 333.41 g/mol
- Smiles notation: C=O_CC1CCC(S(N)(=O)=O)CC1_Nc1nc(N)nc(N)n1
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid

Oxygen conditions:

not specified

Inoculum or test system:

other: 1. Mixed inoculum 2. activated sludge (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

1. Mixed Inoculum Preparation:Polyseed were used for this study. 1 polyseed capsule were added in 500 ml D.I water and then stirred for 1 hour for proper mixing and functioning of inoculum. This gave the bacterial count as 107 to 108 CFU/ml. At the regular interval microbial plating was also performed on agar to confirm the vitality and CFU count of microorganism.

2. - Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/l

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

0.7 other: ml/125 ml

Based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

(1)

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

(2)

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

TOC removal

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

other: BOD and UV-Vis

Details on study design:

1. TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: OECD mineral medium was used for the study
- Test temperature: 20°C
- Continuous darkness: Yes
- Other: The water used in this study is deionized water.

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: The apparatus used in this study is BOD bottles; with glass stoppers (125 ml), BOD incubator & oxygen electrode and meter.

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: it contains only test inoculum
- Procedure control: contains reference compound and inoculum

2. Standard type

Reference substance:

other: 1. Sodium Benzoate 2. No data

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

65.24

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: Other details not known

Parameter:

other: BOD

Value:

93

Sampling time:

21 d

Remarks on result:

other: Other details not known

Parameter:

% degradation (TOC removal)

Value:

95.3

Sampling time:

21 d

Remarks on result:

other: Other details not known

Parameter:

other: UV-Vis

Value:

100

Sampling time:

21 d

Remarks on result:

other: Other details not known

Details on results:

1. The oxygen consumed by the test systems was corrected for oxygen consumption occurring in the blank test systems.The BOD Values (mgO2/mg) and percent biodegradation results for each test system are reported in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. The BOD28 value of test chemical was observed to be 1.07 mgO2/mg. ThOD was determined by calculation as 1.64 mgO2/mg. % degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test item and was determined to be 65.24% at 20 ± 1°C. The % degradation of procedure control (reference item) was also calculated using BOD & ThOD and was found to be 78.31%. Degradation of Sodium Benzoate exceeds 45.18% on 7 days & 59.03% on 14th day. The activity of the inoculum is thus verified and the test can be considered as valid.

2. Test substance undergoes 93, 95.3 and 100% degradation by BOD, TOC removal and UV-Vis parameter in 21 days.

Results with reference substance:

1. Degradation of Sodium Benzoate exceeds 45.18% on 7 days & 59.03% on 14th day. The % degradation of procedure control (reference item) was also calculated using BOD & ThOD and was found to be 78.31%.

2. No data

1.

TABLE: D.O Values(mg/L)

 

No. of Days	Inoculum Blank (control)	Test Suspension	Procedure Control (Reference Item)
0	7.1	6.9	7.1
7	6.7	4.5	3.7
14	6.5	3.1	2.6
21	6.2	2.0	1.1
28	5.9	1.4	0.7

 

 

Table: BOD values (mgO2/mg)

No. of Days	Test Suspension	Procedure Control (Reference Item)
0	0	0
7	0.5	0.75
14	0.8	0.98
21	1.0	1.27
28	1.07	1.3

 

 

Table: PERCENT BIODEGRDATION RESULTS

No. of Days	Test Suspension	Procedure Control (Reference Item)
0	0%	0%
7	30.48%	45.18%
14	48.78%	59.03%
21	60.97%	76.5%
28	65.24%	78.31%

 

 

Table: BOD28, THOD AND % BIODEGRADATION VALUES

 

Method details	BOD28 (mgO2/mg)	ThOD (mgO2/mg)	% Biodegradation
Test Item	1.07	1.64	65.24
Reference Item	1.3	1.66	78.31

 

 

 

TABLE: pH OF CLOSED BOTTLE TEST

 

No. of Days	Inoculum Blank (control)	Test Suspension	Procedure Control (Reference Item)
0	7.3	6.6	7.3
7	6.5	7	6.5
14	6.9	6.8	6.8
21	6.9	7	6.8
28	6.7	6.7	6.6

 

2. No data

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach, the percentage degradation of the test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine can be expected to be ranges from 65.24 to 100%, respectively in 28 days. Thus, based on this, test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine is considered to be readily biodegradable in nature.

Executive summary:

Data available for the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the biodegradability of the test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine. The studies are as mentioned below:

28-days Closed Bottle test following the OECD guideline 301 D to determine the ready biodegradability of the test item. The test system included control, test item and reference item. The concentration of test and reference item (Sodium Benzoate) chosen for both the study was 4 mg/L, while that of inoculum was 32 ml/l. ThOD (Theoretical oxygen demand) of test and reference item was determined by calculation. % degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test item and reference item. The BOD28 value of test chemical was observed to be 1.07 mgO2/mg. ThOD was calculated as 1.64 mgO2/mg. Accordingly, the % degradation of the test item after 28 days of incubation at 20 ± 1°C according to Closed Bottle test was determined to be 65.24%. Based on the results, the test item, under the test conditions, was readily biodegradable in nature.

Another biodegradation study was conducted for 21 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of test substance. Activated sludge was used as a test inoculums for the study. Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l, respectively. The percentage degradation of test substance was determined to be 93, 95.3 and 100% degradation by BOD, TOC removal and UV-Vis parameter in 21 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation,test chemicalis considered to be readily biodegradable in nature.

On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach, the percentage degradation of the test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine can be expected to be ranges from 65.24 to 100%, respectively in 28 days. Thus, based on this, test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine is considered to be readily biodegradable in nature.

Description of key information

On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach, the percentage degradation of the test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine can be expected to be ranges from 65.24 to 100%, respectively in 28 days. Thus, based on this, test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine is considered to be readily biodegradable in nature.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

readily biodegradable

Additional information

Data available for the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the biodegradability of the test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine. The studies are as mentioned below:

28-days Closed Bottle test following the OECD guideline 301 D to determine the ready biodegradability of the test item. The test system included control, test item and reference item. The concentration of test and reference item (Sodium Benzoate) chosen for both the study was 4 mg/L, while that of inoculum was 32 ml/l. ThOD (Theoretical oxygen demand) of test and reference item was determined by calculation. % degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test item and reference item. The BOD28 value of test chemical was observed to be 1.07 mgO2/mg. ThOD was calculated as 1.64 mgO2/mg. Accordingly, the % degradation of the test item after 28 days of incubation at 20 ± 1°C according to Closed Bottle test was determined to be 65.24%. Based on the results, the test item, under the test conditions, was readily biodegradable in nature.

Another biodegradation study was conducted for 21 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of test substance. Activated sludge was used as a test inoculums for the study. Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l, respectively. The percentage degradation of test substance was determined to be 93, 95.3 and 100% degradation by BOD, TOC removal and UV-Vis parameter in 21 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation,test chemicalis considered to be readily biodegradable in nature.

On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach, the percentage degradation of the test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine can be expected to be ranges from 65.24 to 100%, respectively in 28 days. Thus, based on this, test chemical Benzenesulfonamide, 4-methyl-, reaction products with formaldehyde and melamine is considered to be readily biodegradable in nature.