Titanium tungsten carbide

Density

Administrative data

Endpoint:

density, other

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2017

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 109 (Density of Liquids and Solids)

GLP compliance:

no

Type of method:

pycnometer method

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Titanium tungsten carbide

EC Number:

254-435-8

EC Name:

Titanium tungsten carbide

Cas Number:

39377-63-4

Molecular formula:

(W,Ti)C

IUPAC Name:

Titanium tungsten carbide

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Results and discussion

Density

Key result

Type:

density

Density:

>= 7.145 g/cm³

Temp.:

20 °C

Any other information on results incl. tables

6.1 Principle and outline of the method

The density was determined according to “Pycnometer (liquids and solids)” in OECD Guidelines for the Testing of chemicals 109 - “Density of Liquids and Solids”. The density of the sample can be calculated based on these values – the mass of the pycnometer and water fulled in it, the mass of the pycnometer and the sample added in it and water filled in it followed, and the mass of the sample added in the pycnometer.

6.2 Apparatus

Electric oven: UFE400, 105℃±1℃;

Freezing thermostatic waterbath: THD-0515, 20℃±0.1℃;

Pycnometer: 25 mL, equipped with a ground glass cap as a expansion chamber.

6.3 Reagents

water standard for density: ρ = 0.9982 g/mL at 20℃;

Acetone: A.R.;

Pure water: new prepared

6.4 Operation procedure

1) Clean the pycnometer, including its stopper and its ground glass cap, with acetone and water; then put them into the oven to dry, which has been adjusted to 105℃. Then take the pycnometer out to cool to room temperature.

2) Fill the pycnometer with the water and stopper it, but keep the glass cap out; then immerse the pycnometer up to its neck in the waterbath to keep constant temperature, which has been adjusted to 20℃±0.1℃. A 25 mL volumetric flask filled with the water standard is immersed up to its neck in the waterbath to keep constant temperature, too. After 20 min, take the pycnometer out of the waterbath, fill it again to make up volatileness of the water in it, with the liquid in the flask. Then put the glass cap on at once, wipe the outer-wall of the pycnometer dry, weigh it.

3) Put the pycnometer into the oven to dry, including its stopper and its ground glass cap,

after pouring all liquid in it out; Then take the pycnometer out to cool to room temperature.

4) Weigh about 2.0 g of the sample into the pycnometer.

5) Add the water into the pycnometer containing the sample, up to two-thirds of its volume,

to wet and immerse the sample; put the pycnometer into a ultrasonic bath for eliminating any

air bubbles. Fill it with the water after it has been taken out and cooled to room temperature.

Then stopper it, but keep the glass cap out, immerse it up to its neck in the waterbath to keep

constant temperature, which has been adjusted to 20℃±0.1℃. After 20 min, take the

pycnometer out of the waterbath, fill it again to make up volatileness of the water in it, with

the liquid in the flask above in 3). Then put the glass cap on at once, wipe the outer-wall of

the pycnometer dry, weigh it.

All weighings above should be to the nearest 0.01 mg.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Based on the determination results, the sample density is7.145 g/cm3 = 7145 kg/m3 (20℃).