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EC number: 211-581-7 | CAS number: 670-96-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1st test: 14 Sep - 26 Sep 2017; 2nd test: 19 Oct - 17 Nov 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Version / remarks:
- July 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg, Karlsruhe, Germany
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-phenylimidazole
- EC Number:
- 211-581-7
- EC Name:
- 2-phenylimidazole
- Cas Number:
- 670-96-2
- Molecular formula:
- C9H8N2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-phenyl-1H-imidazole
- Test material form:
- solid: flakes
Constituent 1
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): AZV Staufener Bucht, sampled on 23 Oct 2017
- Storage length: 1 day between sampling and start of incubation of the test item
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: drying at 105 °C for 5 hours, washed twice with tap water by settling the sludge, decanting the supernatant and re-suspending the sludge
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg dry solids/L - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
Initial test substance concentration
- Initial conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Based on:
- TOC
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: according to guideline
- Test temperature: 20.6 - 24.0 °C.
- Aeration of dilution water: tolerated range of 1.6 – 5.5 bubbles/second (counted bubbles: 2.4 – 5.1 bubbles/second)
- Suspended solids concentration: 30 mg dry solids/L
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: Gas wash bottles (2000 mL volume)
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 3
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: The CO2-free air production system consists of an air compressor, three 1000 mL gas wash bottles filled with dry soda lime in series followed by one bottle filled with 0.1 M NaOH (sodium hydroxide). At the end of the system is one gas wash bottle filled with demineralised water, followed by an empty one to catch any drops of condensation water. A color change of the soda lime from white to blue indicates that the CO2 absorption capacity is depleted. The CO2-free air is passed on to an air distributor with two input and 22 output channels and through PE-tubes.
- Measuring equipment: Degradation is followed by determining the carbon dioxide produced and absorbed to sodium hydroxide via IC-measurement (IC=inorganic carbon).
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Sampling for IC measurement took place on days days 0, 4, 7, 11, 14, 21, 28 and 29.
- Sampling method: Sampling was performed through the lateral connecting pieces through the butyl rubber septum using 5 mL PE syringes.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes, three bottles
- Toxicity control: yes, one bottle
- Reference substance: yes, three bottles
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
Results and discussion
% Degradation
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Remarks:
- based on ThCO2
- Value:
- 0
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The degradation extent in the toxicity control was 44.7% within 14 days. The test material is there considered to have no inhibitory effect on the inoculum.
For details on biodegradation rates, please refer to Table 1 in section "Any other information on results incl. tables".
BOD5 / COD results
- Results with reference substance:
- The reference substance reached the pass level for ready biodegradability within 4 days. The degradation after 28 days was 89.5 - 97.8%.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Ultimate biodegradation after x days [% of ThCO2]
Reactor |
|
Days |
|||||||
|
0 |
4 |
7 |
11 |
14 |
21 |
28 |
29 |
|
15 |
Test flasks |
0 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
3.3 |
4.2 |
3.3 |
2.7 |
4.3 |
16 |
0 |
-0.5 |
-2.1 |
-3.0 |
-3.4 |
-6.4 |
-7-0 |
-5.9 |
|
17 |
0 |
-1.6 |
-2.1 |
-3.6 |
-3.5 |
-8.7 |
-9.4 |
-9.2 |
|
4 |
Reference flasks |
0 |
68.7 |
84.1 |
86.3 |
87.3 |
101.4 |
89.5 |
89.9 |
5 |
0 |
80.9 |
89.9 |
92.2 |
92.2 |
106.6 |
97.8 |
99.3 |
|
6 |
0 |
73.9 |
86.4 |
86.3 |
88.9 |
107.2 |
96.3 |
98.3 |
|
18 |
Toxicity control (Test item and reference item) |
0 |
35.1 |
42.4 |
43.7 |
44.7 |
48.7 |
44.6 |
45.3 |
Table 2: Validity criteria of the 2nd main test
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
Difference of extremes of replicate values of the removal of the test chemical at the plateau, at the end of the test or at the end of the 10-d window, as appropriate, is less than 20%. |
< 20% |
yes |
Percentage degradation of the reference compound has reached the pass levels by day 14. |
87.3 -92.2% |
yes |
The toxicity control should degrade to at least 35% (based on DOC) or at least 25% (based on ThOD or ThCO2) within 14 d. |
44.7% |
yes |
The IC content of the test substance suspension in the mineral medium at the beginning of the test must be less than 5% of the TC. |
< 5% |
yes |
The total CO2 evolution in the inoculum blank at the end of the test should not normally exceed 40 mg/L medium. |
29.9 mg/L |
yes |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The 1st test was terminated since the validity criterion "difference of replicate values < 20%" was not fulfilled. The 2nd main test fulfilled the validity criteria. For further details please refer to “Any other information on results incl. tables”.
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
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