Potassium perchlorate

Long-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

fish life cycle toxicity

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

13 September 1995 - 8 January 1996

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Materials and methods are well described in the study.

GLP compliance:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

For the experimental treatment the following concentrations were used: 10 mg/L propylthiouracil, 0.1 M NaOH (50 mL/10L) to increase the solubility of propylthiouracil and 0.01 or 0.05%, respectively.

Test organisms (species):

other: Lampetra appendix

Details on test organisms:

Lampetra appendix larvae and fish were collected from lakes in the area of Toronto, Canada from June 1995 till August 1996.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

117 d

Remarks on exposure duration:

117 days in five treatments

Test temperature:

16 - 21 °C

Details on test conditions:

The fish were held in static water tanks. The water was refreshed every two weeks and stock solution of potassium perchlorate was added after each refreshing.

Key result

Duration:

117 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: effect on metamorphosis

concentrations (nmol/L) of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in serum of larval and fish

	larval, T4	larval, T3	metamorphosing, T4	metamorphosing, T4
control group	32.82	28.48	-	-
NaOH	28.45	26.60	-	-
KClO4 0.01%	10.24	2.05	9.24	1.33
KClO4 0.05%	11.85	1.44	8.01	1.18
propylthiouracil	15.00	5.80	9.48	0.94

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Based on the results of this study the LOEC can be stated as 0.01% (100 mg/L) referred to potassium perchlorate and 72 mg/L referred to the perchlorate anion.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

fish early-life stage toxicity

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Materials and methods are well described in the study.

GLP compliance:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

For the experiment 300 larvae were divided in 10 groups of 30 larvae each:
1. no treatment; 2. low dose of T3, thyroxine (0.5 mg/L); 3. high dose of T3, thyroxine (1 mg/L); 4. low dose of T4, triiodothyronine (0.25 mg/L); 5. high dose of T4, triiodothyronine (1 mg/L); 6. 0.05% of potassium perchlorate; 7. 0.05% of potassium perchlorate + low dose of T4; 8. 0.05% of potassium perchlorate and high dose of T4; 9. 0.05% of potassium perchlorate and low dose of T3; 10. 0.05% of potassium perchlorate and high dose of T3

Test organisms (species):

Petromyzon marinus

Details on test organisms:

Larvae of landlocked lamprey (petromyzon marinus) were collected in mid-September from Salmon River near Keeseville, NY, USA.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

16 wk

Remarks on exposure duration:

tests were performed with 4, 8 and 16 weeks of treatment

Test temperature:

15 - 18 °C

Details on test conditions:

Water was changed all 14 days.

Key result

Duration:

8 wk

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: effect on metamorphosis

Key result

Duration:

8 wk

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: organ weights

Details on results:

The effects of thyroid hormones and potassium perchlorate on petromyzon marinus were investigated.
The weight of liver and kidney and somatic indices were measured and the effects of inducing metamorphosis were determined after 4, 8 and 16 weeks of exposure.
Only one concentration (0.05% w/v) was tested. This induced effects on organ weights, somatic indices and metamorphosis after 8 weeks of exposure to potassium perchlorate.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Based on the results of this study the LOEC can be stated as 0.05% (500 mg/L) referred to potassium perchlorate and 359 mg/L referred to the perchlorate anion.

Description of key information

Based on the available studies a LOEC of 100 mg/L for potassium perchlorate can be stated.

The 12-week NOEC for Danio rerio derived from standard endpoints and whole-body T4-levels can be stated as 11.48 mg/L based on perchlorate anio and 16 mg/L calculated on potassium perchlorate.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

16 mg/L