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EC number: 208-849-0 | CAS number: 543-80-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- not specified
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Effect of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on the in vivo metabolism of acetate in adult rats
- Author:
- Philleo, W. W. & Fang, S. C.
- Year:
- 1 967
- Bibliographic source:
- J. Agr. Food Chem. 15 (2): 256 - 260.
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- excretion
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Male and female inbred Oregon State Wistar rats received radiolabelled sodium acetate (as sodium acetate-1-C14 or sodium acetate-2-C14 (females only)) as a single administration via gavage. Aqueous sodium acetate solution was prepared such that the specific activity was about 5 X 10E7 d.p.m./mL and had a concentration of 14.5 µmoles of acetate/mL. Rats were placed in a metabolic cage and excreta (expired CO2, urine, and faeces) were collected during a 24 hour period after administration, which were analysed for radioactivity.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- not specified in the publication
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sodium acetate
- EC Number:
- 204-823-8
- EC Name:
- Sodium acetate
- Cas Number:
- 127-09-3
- Molecular formula:
- C2H4O2.Na
- Test material form:
- solid: crystalline
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): sodium acetate-1-C14 and -2-C14 (obtained either from New England Nuclear Corp. or Volk Chemicals)
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- not specified
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: inbred Oregon State Wistar strain
- Details on species / strain selection:
- not specified
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 5 to 9 months old
- Weight at study initiation: males: 350 to 400g; females: 250 to 280 g
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
Aqueous sodium acetate solution was prepared such that the specific activity was about 5 X 10E7 d.p.m. per mL and had a concentration of 14.5 µmoles of acetate per mL.
Females received sodium acetate-1-C14 and sodium acetate-2-C14, but males received only sodium acetate-1-C14. - Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- single administration
Doses / concentrations
- Dose / conc.:
- 14.5 other: µmoles acetate/mL
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- not specified
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Positive control reference chemical:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- Light anesthetization with ethyl ether was used before the dosing of male rats. No anesthetization was used for the dosing of female rats.
- Details on dosing and sampling:
- TOXICOKINETIC / PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY (Absorption, distribution, excretion)
- Tissues and body fluids sampled: expired CO2, urine, and faeces
After the acetate-C14 was administered, the rat was placed in a Delmar metabolism cage and the CO2 was trapped by sodium hydroxide solution. The sodium hydroxide solution from the CO2 trap was changed periodically and was analyzed for radioactivity after conversion of CO2 to BaCO3. The BaCO3 was filtered onto a glass fiber disk, washed, and dried and the radioactivity counted with a thin mica window GM detector. All counts were corrected for self adsorption and background.
The urine samples were collected and clarified by centrifugation at low speed. Aliquots of 0.1 mL were analyzed for radioactivity in a Packard Tricarb Model 314S liquid scintillation spectrometer. The radioactivity in the faeces was obtained by extracting the faeces with a sufficient volume of 50 % ethanol. The solid materials were centrifuged out and an aliquot of the supernatant was analyzed for radioactivity. All countings were corrected for quenching by using C14-benzoic acid as an internal standard. - Statistics:
- not specified
Results and discussion
- Preliminary studies:
- not specified
Main ADME resultsopen allclose all
- Type:
- excretion
- Results:
- According to the authors, from 79 to 95 % of orally administered acetate-C14 was recovered in the form of 14CO2. Only a small amount of the radioactivity was found in the urine (1.2 to 2.8 %) and faeces (0.3 to 0.5 %).
- Results:
- The radioactivity recovered from excreta during the first 24-hour period was considerably less from the males than from the females.
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- not specified
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- not specified
- Details on excretion:
- - there are two separate rates for the elimination of 14CO2. The initial rate of elimination (1 to 8 hours postmedication) is very rapid and has a biological half-life of 4 to 6 hours, followed by a much slower rate of elimination (half life of about 25 hours).
- the maximum incorporation in the expired 14CO2 appears in the first hour.
- the rates of elimination for the methyl and carboxyl carbons are not exactly the same.
- the 14CO2 elimination rates of acetate-1-C14 in untreated adult rats are similar between the male and female animals, even though the accumulative recovery of expired 14CO2 was less in the male rat.
(please also refer to the field "Attached background material" below).
- from 79 to 95 % of orally administered acetate-C14 was recovered in the form of 14CO2. Only a small amount of the radioactivity was found in the urine (1.2 to 2.8 %) and faeces (0.3 to 0.5 %).
- radioactivity recovered from excreta during the first 24-hour period was considerably less from the males than from the females.
(please refer to table 1 in the field "Any other information on results incl. tables" below)
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- not specified
- Details on metabolites:
- not specified
Bioaccessibility (or Bioavailability)
- Bioaccessibility (or Bioavailability) testing results:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Percentage of administered radioactivity recovered in 24 hours from excreta of adult rats
|
Females – Acetate-1-C14 |
Females – Acetate-2-C14 |
Males – Acetate-1-C14 |
CO2 |
95.3 |
89.4 |
79.2 |
Urine |
2.0 |
2.8 |
1.2 |
Faeces |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
Total |
97.8 |
92.7 |
80.7 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- According to the authors, from 79 to 95 % of orally administered acetate-C14 was recovered in the form of 14CO2. Only a small amount of the radioactivity was found in the urine (1.2 to 2.8 %) and faeces (0.3 to 0.5 %).
The radioactivity recovered from excreta during the first 24-hour period was considerably less from the males than from the females.
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