Ammonium dodecylbenzenesulphonate

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: short-term

Remarks:

Mites

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions

Justification for type of information:

Peer reviewed document

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Effects and risk assessment of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates in agricultural soil. 3. Sublethal effects on soil invertebrates.

Author:

Holmstrup, M. and Krogh, P.H.

Year:

2001

Bibliographic source:

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 20:1673-1679

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Predacious mite test: No internationally accepted guideline is available for mite reproduction. Effects on reproduction on the predacious mite (H. aculeifer) were examined according to a method described by Krogh and Axelsen. Ten female and five male H. aculeifer (16-19 days old) were added to each test container together with 100 F. fimetaria (16-19 days old) serving as prey for the mites. Incubation and extraction of mite offspring followed the same procedure as described for springtails.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Application method:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts

EC Number:

270-115-0

EC Name:

Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts

Cas Number:

68411-30-3

IUPAC Name:

sodium 4-undecylbenzenesulfonate

Details on test material:

C10-13 LAS was obtained as an aqueous sodium salt solution with an active matter concentration of 16.1% (w/w), average molecular weight = 342 g/mol, distribution of the linear alkyl chains: C10 14%, C11 34%, C12 31%, and C13 21%; average alkyl chain length = C11.6

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Test substrate

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

Springtail: Twenty-seven grams dry weight of soil were mixed with 3 mL of LAS solution and filled into cylindrical test containers with lids. The bottom of the cylinder consisting of a 1-mm mesh to allow later extraction of the test animals. The mesh was covered with a layer of plastic film to prevent escape of the test animals.
Mite: A total of 54 g dry weight of soil was mixed with 6 mL of LAS solution and filled into test containers (as described for springtails).

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

other: Folsomia fimetaria, Hypogastrura assimilis, Hypoaspis aculeifer

Animal group:

other: soil-dwelling

Details on test organisms:

Springtail: Adult, rather than juvenile, springtails were used. Ten male and ten female F. fimetaria (23-26 days old)
Mite: Ten female and five male H. aculeifer (16-19 days old)

Study design

Study type:

other: no data

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Test conditions

Details on test conditions:

A natural sandy, agricultural soil was used for all tests, rather than synthetic test soil.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Springtail: The test concentrations were not listed but can be estimated from Figure 6 to be 0, 10, 25, 75, 275, and 800, with the numbers of adult surviving per replicate to be approximately 145, 155, 115, 110, 165, and 165 and the numbers of juveniles per replicate (reproduction) to be approximately 285, 275, 190, 145, 205, and 10.

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

82 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks on result:

other: Hypoaspis aculeifer

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

100 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks on result:

other: Hypogastrura assimilis

Details on results:

It should be noted that these studies report worst case exposures due to the use of a sandy test soil and the fact that LAS was added as an aqueous solution to the soil. In addition, too few replicates were used for the ECx approach (e.g., <5 controls) and several key deviations from draft protocols limited the reliability of endpoints for some studies (e.g., A. caliginosa and A. longa cocoon production). Nominal concentrations were derived from tables and figures since actual values were not found in the text.

Any other information on results incl. tables

The following table shows the results of all tests.  All values are nominal LAS concentrations in mg/kg dry weight.

Species	Parameter	NOEC	LOEC	LC10 or EC10	LC50 or EC50	Relia-bility Rating	Rationale for Reliability Rating
Enchytraeus albidus	Survival, adults Reproduction	198 20	397 40	194 6	430 41	1 1	Draft ISO/WD 16387 protocol
Aporrectodea caliginosa	Survival, adults Cocoon production Survival, juveniles Growth, juveniles	278 >793 >397 278	793 >793 >397 397	329 14 >397 105	535 129 >397 354	2 3 2 2	Comparable to ISO 11268-2 Deviations; limited cocoons Comparable to ISO 11268-2, but with only weight measurement
Aporrectodea longa	Survival, adults Cocoon production Survival, juveniles Growth, juveniles	278 >793 397 79	793 >793 793 278	329 27 296 84	535 137 517 349	2 3 2 2	Comparable to  ISO 11268-2 Deviations; limited cocoons Comparable to ISO 11268-2, but with only weight measurement
Folsomia fimetaria	Survival, adults Reproduction	>793 278	>793 278	>793 85	>793 424	1 1	Comparable to  ISO 11267
Hypogastrura assimilis	Reproduction	79	278	99	421	1	Comparable to  ISO 11267
Hypoaspis aculeifer	Survival, adults Reproduction	>793 278	>793 793	>793 82	>793 236	2 2	No guideline available

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The EC10 for H. assimilis was 100 mg/kg dry weight, and the EC10 for H. aculeifer was 82 mg/kg dry weight.

Executive summary:

Groups of H. assimilis and H. aculeifer were exposed to various concentrations of test material for 21 days. At the end of this period, the number of offspring were counted. Based on reproduction, The EC10 for H. assimilis was 100 mg/kg dry weight, and the EC10 for H. aculeifer was 82 mg/kg dry weight.