1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-, allyl ether

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Stability

The hydrolysis behaviour of 1,3-propanediol, 2,2- bis(hydroxymethyl) -, allyl ether in dependence of pH was assessed according to the OECD Guideline 111 (‘Hydrolysis as a function of pH’) and EU method C.7 (‘Degradation: Abiotic degradation: Hydrolysis as a function of pH’). Sterile aqueous buffer solutions of different pH values (pH 4, 7 and 9) were treated with the test item solution and incubated in the dark under controlled laboratory conditions (at constant temperatures). Samples were taken at the beginning and after five days for analysis for the test item.

The amount of test item after five days in all three buffer solutions at 50°C was more than 90% of the amount at the start of the test, therefore the test item was considered to be hydrolytically stable (following OECD Guidelines, t(0.5) at 25°C is considered to be greater than 1 year) and no further examination was made beyond the tier 1 assessment. There were no observations which aroused doubts concerning the accuracy of the results and the validity of the study.

 

Biodegradability

An OECD 302B inherent biodegradability study is available for 1,3-propanediol, 2,2- bis(hydroxymethyl) -, allyl ether, the results of which showed that the percentage dissolved organic carbon (DOC) reduction measured after 28 days (at day 29) in both test mediums (TI and TII) was 11% after correction for the DOC contribution from the inoculum.  1,3-propanediol, 2,2- bis(hydroxymethyl) -, allyl ether therefore cannot be regarded as ultimately biodegradable.

 

Bioaccumulation

Indirect exposure of the aquatic compartment is likely.  Based on the log PoW data,  of the main components of 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-, allyl ether at 25°C, the bioaccumulation potential of 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-, allyl ether was considered uncertain based on log Pow alone. Therefore in accordance with Column 2 of Annex IX of the REACH regulation a fish bioaccumulation study was performed to assess the bioaccumulation potential of the substance. 

A Bioconcentration study on the Primary Components of Allyl Pentaerythritol (APE) in Fish: Aqueous Exposure Test OECD 305-I was performed recently where, the BCF of 3 major constituents of APE was calculated. The highest BCF (BCF_kinetics: 120 Lkg^-1 , BCF_{steady state}: 117 Lkg^-1) was obtained from Pentaerythritol tetraallyl ether which is the contributes 9.5% of the total APE. The BCF of the rest two constituents (Pentaerythritol ditraallyl ether and Pentaerythritol triallyl ether) were below the LOD therefore the data was not suitable to measure the BCFkinetics for these two constituents. 

The study result shows that this substance is not Bioaccumulative (B) neither very Bioaccumulative (vB) and do not pass the criteria of B and vB according to ANNEX XIII of the REACH guidance document. 

Transport and distribution

In accordance with OECD Guideline 121 (2001), an adsorpotion on soil and sewage sludge was carried out in a study via HPLC. As the substance is a multi-constituents substance containing three different components with different structures, rendering it not possible for one Log Koc to be determined. Therefore, three individual Log Koc values were determined of the three main components of Allyl Pentaerythritol to be log₁₀K_oc 0.6 (Pentaerythritol diallyl ether), 1.8 (Pentaerythritol triallyl ether) and 2.9 (Pentaerythritol tetraallyl ether), respectively, at 25°C. A time weighted average LogKoc was calculated to be 2.09.

Additionally, according to Table R.7.1-14 of the ECHA Guidance on Information Requirements and Chemical Safety Assessment – Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance (Version 6.0, July 2017), the OECD 302B Guideline (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EVPA Test) can be used to assess the extent of adsorption of the test substance to STP sludge. 

If significant apparent dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal is shown to occur within the first 3-hours of the test, it is assumed that this removal has occurred too rapidly to have resulted from microbial degradation processes and it is instead assumed to be the result of a phase transfer from solution caused by adsorption (e.g. to walls of the test vessel and/or activated sludge inoculum). Adsorbed test substance will therefore be obscured from the analysis used to measure residual DOC in the test.

 

A reliable OECD 302B study is available for 1,3-propanediol, 2,2- bis(hydroxymethyl) -, allyl ether (Carlsson, 1997) which showed that there was no such DOC loss at 3-hours (or at any other point in the test), therefore it is concluded that 1,3-propanediol, 2,2- bis(hydroxymethyl) -, allyl ether does not have significant adsorption tendency.