C16-18 (evennumbered, C18 unsaturated) alkyl bis(2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

The is no acute toxicity data for Ethanol, 2,2’-iminobis-N-tallow alkyl derivatives, N-oxides, however there is data for a close structural analogue 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol.

 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Acute toxicity: via oral route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

4 April 1990- 18 April 1990

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study performed according to guideline and under GLP.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.1 (Acute Toxicity (Oral))

GLP compliance:

yes

Test type:

standard acute method

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: BRL Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: Approx. 8 weeks males, Approx. 11 weeks females
- Weight at study initiation: males: 199-251g, females: 163 - 197g
- Fasting period before study: Feed was withheld overnight prior to dosing until approximately 3-4 hours after administration of the test substance.
- Housing: Group housed, five per sex to a cage, using polycarbonate cages containing purified sawdust as bedding material (Woody Clean supplied by Broekman Institute, Someren, The Netherlands).
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: At least 5 days under laboratory conditions.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 18-24
- Humidity (%): 40-75
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

IN-LIFE DATES: 4 April 1990- 18 April 1990

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on oral exposure:

MAXIMUM DOSE VOLUME APPLIED:
Group 1: 4.138 ml/kg body weight
Group 2: 2.365 ml/kg body weight
Group 3: 1.281 ml/kg body weight

Doses:

Group 1: 4200 mg/kg body weight
Group 2: 2400 mg/kg body weight
Group 3: 1300 mg/kg body weight

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 15 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: animals were observed at periodic intervals on the day of dosing (day 1) and twice daily there after for 14 days. Animals were weighed on test days 1 (pre-administration), 8 and 15.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: Clinicals igns were determined at periodic intervals on the day of dosing (day 1) and once daily there after for 14 days. All signs of reaction to treatment were recorded with particular attention paid to changes in the skin, fur , eyes and mucous membranes, as well as to behaviour pattern, tremors, convulsions, salivation , diarrhoea, lethargy, sleep and coma.

Statistics:

The LD50 values and the associated 95% confidence interval, the slope o f the dose mortality curve were calculated using the Maximum likelihood method (Finney, D.G. Probit Analyses, 3rd Edn., London, Cambridge, University Press, 1971).

Preliminary study:

Initially a pilot study was conducted with three groups, each comprising 1 male and 1 female, with dose levels of 5000, 2000 or 200 mg/kg body weight, The female dosed at 5000 mg/kg body weight was found dead on day 3. Lethargy, piloerection, bloody eye encrustation and emaciation (body weight loss) was noted i n the male dosed at 5000 mg/kg body weight. This animal had not recovered by day 8 , the end of this pilot study. Lethargy and piloerection were noted i n the animals dosed at 2000 mg/kg body weight, while no symptoms of toxicity were noted i n the animals dosed at 200 mg,/kg body weight. Based on these results a full study with dose levels of 4200, 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight was performed.

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

4 114 mg/kg bw

Remarks on result:

other: Corrected for 58.2 % active ingredient = 2394 mg/kg bw. Due to the mortality distribution only estimated LD50 values could be calculated.

Sex:

male

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

12 867 mg/kg bw

Remarks on result:

other: Corrected for 58.2 % active ingredient = 7489 mg/kg bw. Due to the mortality distribution only estimated LD50 values could be calculated.

Sex:

female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

2 932 mg/kg bw

Remarks on result:

other: Corrected for 58.2 % active ingredient = 1706 mg/kg bw. Due to the mortality distribution only estimated LD50 values could be calculated.

Mortality:

The incidence of mortality among the males form high to low dose group (4200, 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight) was 1/5, 0/5 and 0/5 and among the females was 5/5, 0/5 and 0/5. The deaths occured within days 3 and 9.

Clinical signs:

other: Lethargy, piloerection, emaciation, bloody eye and nose encrustion were noted among the animals dosed at 4200 mg/kg body.weight. The surviving animals of this treatment group had recovered by day 13. Piloerection was noted in one animal only dosed a t 130

Gross pathology:

Macroscopic post mortem examination revealed stomach enlargement and red colouration; irregular forestomach epithelium; forestomach covered with a grey/ white layer; gaseous accumulation in stomach; yellow intestine content; enlarged adrenals and small size and red colouration of thymus among animals that died during the study. At macroscopic post mortem examination of animals at termination, irregular areas or irregular grey/white areas on the forestomach epithelium were noted in all or some animals from all groups. The only other abnormality noted among these animals was the forestomach serosa adherent to the diaphragm in one male dosed at 4200 mg/kg body weight.

Interpretation of results:

Category 5 based on GHS criteria

Remarks:

Migrated information

Conclusions:

The estimated LD50 for males and females combined is 4114 mg/kg bw (corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 2394 mg/kg bw), for males alone 12867 mg/kg bw (corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 7489 mg/kg bw ) and for females alone 2932 mg/kg bw corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 1706 mg/kg bw ). Therfore under GHS the test substance is classified in category V.

Executive summary:

The study was carried out in accordance with OECD Guidelfne No. 401, "Acute Oral Toxicity" and EEC Directive 84/449/EEC, Part B.1, ''Acute Toxicity - Oral. The test item was administered to rats o f both sexes by oral gavage at 4200, 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight. Macroscopic examination was performed at the end of the experimental period. The incidence o f mortality for both sexes combined for the high, mid and low dose group was 6/10, 0/10 and 0/10, respectively. Lethargy, piloerection and emaciation were the major symptoms noted among the animals dosed at 4200 mg/kg body weight. All the surviving animals had recovered by day 13. The animals dosed at 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight showed no symptoms of toxicity during the study period, with the exception of one female dosed at 1300 mg/kg body weight. This animal showed piloerection on the day of dosing. The surviving animals dosed at 4200 mg/kg body weight showed large body weight loss in the first week of the study, but gained in the second week of the study. The animals dosed a t 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight generally showed body weight gain considered to be similar to that of untreated animals of the same age and strain, although weight gain by some females was lower than expected. The macroscopic post mortem examination mainly revealed stomach enlargement; red colouration of stomach and/or thymus and a small thymus among animals that died during the study. Macroscopic post mortem examination o f the surviving animals revealed mainly irregular grey/white areas in forestomach epithelium. Due to the mortality distribution only estimated LD50 values could be calculated. These amounted to 4114 mg/kg body weight for the sexes combined, 12867 mg/kg body weight for the males only and 2932 mg/kg body weight for the females only.

The estimated LD50 for males and females combined is 4114 mg/kg bw (corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 2394 mg/kg bw), for males alone 12867 mg/kg bw (corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 7489 mg/kg bw ) and for females alone 2932 mg/kg bw corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 1706 mg/kg bw ). Therefore under GHS the test substance is classified in category V.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

4 April 1990- 18 April 1990

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study performed according to guideline and under GLP.

Justification for type of information:

The structural similarity for the 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol is that it has ca 80% C18 unsaturated, 6% C18 saturated and 9% C16 and ca 1.5% C14. This compares to tallow such as in the target Ethanol, 2,2’-iminobis-N-tallow alkyl derivatives, N-oxides which typically has 35% C18 unsaturated, 26% C18 saturated, 35% C16 and 2.4% C14 and 1.3% C17. The higher degree of unsaturation in the 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol is expected to result in higher reactivity from the increased double bonds in the unsaturated C18 at 80% as opposed to 35% in the tallow. Therefore the acute oral toxicity of the 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol is not expected to be an underestimate of the acute oral toxicity of the target Ethanol, 2,2’-iminobis-N-tallow alkyl derivatives, N-oxides.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

GLP compliance:

yes

Test type:

standard acute method

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: BRL Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: Approx. 8 weeks males, Approx. 11 weeks females
- Weight at study initiation: males: 199-251g, females: 163 - 197g
- Fasting period before study: Feed was withheld overnight prior to dosing until approximately 3-4 hours after administration of the test substance.
- Housing: Group housed, five per sex to a cage, using polycarbonate cages containing purified sawdust as bedding material (Woody Clean supplied by Broekman Institute, Someren, The Netherlands).
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: At least 5 days under laboratory conditions.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 18-24
- Humidity (%): 40-75
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

IN-LIFE DATES: 4 April 1990- 18 April 1990

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on oral exposure:

MAXIMUM DOSE VOLUME APPLIED:
Group 1: 4.138 ml/kg body weight
Group 2: 2.365 ml/kg body weight
Group 3: 1.281 ml/kg body weight

Doses:

Group 1: 4200 mg/kg body weight
Group 2: 2400 mg/kg body weight
Group 3: 1300 mg/kg body weight

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 15 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: animals were observed at periodic intervals on the day of dosing (day 1) and twice daily there after for 14 days. Animals were weighed on test days 1 (pre-administration), 8 and 15.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: Clinicals igns were determined at periodic intervals on the day of dosing (day 1) and once daily there after for 14 days. All signs of reaction to treatment were recorded with particular attention paid to changes in the skin, fur , eyes and mucous membranes, as well as to behaviour pattern, tremors, convulsions, salivation , diarrhoea, lethargy, sleep and coma.

Statistics:

The LD50 values and the associated 95% confidence interval, the slope o f the dose mortality curve were calculated using the Maximum likelihood method (Finney, D.G. Probit Analyses, 3rd Edn., London, Cambridge, University Press, 1971).

Preliminary study:

Initially a pilot study was conducted with three groups, each comprising 1 male and 1 female, with dose levels of 5000, 2000 or 200 mg/kg body weight, The female dosed at 5000 mg/kg body weight was found dead on day 3. Lethargy, piloerection, bloody eye encrustation and emaciation (body weight loss) was noted i n the male dosed at 5000 mg/kg body weight. This animal had not recovered by day 8 , the end of this pilot study. Lethargy and piloerection were noted i n the animals dosed at 2000 mg/kg body weight, while no symptoms of toxicity were noted i n the animals dosed at 200 mg,/kg body weight. Based on these results a full study with dose levels of 4200, 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight was performed.

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

4 114 mg/kg bw

Remarks on result:

other: Corrected for 58.2 % active ingredient = 2394 mg/kg bw. Due to the mortality distribution only estimated LD50 values could be calculated.

Sex:

male

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

12 867 mg/kg bw

Remarks on result:

other: Corrected for 58.2 % active ingredient = 7489 mg/kg bw. Due to the mortality distribution only estimated LD50 values could be calculated.

Sex:

female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

2 932 mg/kg bw

Remarks on result:

other: Corrected for 58.2 % active ingredient = 1706 mg/kg bw. Due to the mortality distribution only estimated LD50 values could be calculated.

Mortality:

The incidence of mortality among the males form high to low dose group (4200, 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight) was 1/5, 0/5 and 0/5 and among the females was 5/5, 0/5 and 0/5. The deaths occured within days 3 and 9.

Clinical signs:

other: Lethargy, piloerection, emaciation, bloody eye and nose encrustion were noted among the animals dosed at 4200 mg/kg body.weight. The surviving animals of this treatment group had recovered by day 13. Piloerection was noted in one animal only dosed a t 130

Gross pathology:

Macroscopic post mortem examination revealed stomach enlargement and red colouration; irregular forestomach epithelium; forestomach covered with a grey/ white layer; gaseous accumulation in stomach; yellow intestine content; enlarged adrenals and small size and red colouration of thymus among animals that died during the study. At macroscopic post mortem examination of animals at termination, irregular areas or irregular grey/white areas on the forestomach epithelium were noted in all or some animals from all groups. The only other abnormality noted among these animals was the forestomach serosa adherent to the diaphragm in one male dosed at 4200 mg/kg body weight.

Interpretation of results:

Category 5 based on GHS criteria

Remarks:

Migrated information

Conclusions:

The estimated LD50 for males and females combined is 4114 mg/kg bw (corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 2394 mg/kg bw), for males alone 12867 mg/kg bw (corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 7489 mg/kg bw ) and for females alone 2932 mg/kg bw corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 1706 mg/kg bw ). Therfore under GHS the test substance is classified in category V.

Executive summary:

The study was carried out in accordance with OECD Guidelfne No. 401, "Acute Oral Toxicity" and EEC Directive 84/449/EEC, Part B.1, ''Acute Toxicity - Oral. The test item was administered to rats o f both sexes by oral gavage at 4200, 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight. Macroscopic examination was performed at the end of the experimental period. The incidence o f mortality for both sexes combined for the high, mid and low dose group was 6/10, 0/10 and 0/10, respectively. Lethargy, piloerection and emaciation were the major symptoms noted among the animals dosed at 4200 mg/kg body weight. All the surviving animals had recovered by day 13. The animals dosed at 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight showed no symptoms of toxicity during the study period, with the exception of one female dosed at 1300 mg/kg body weight. This animal showed piloerection on the day of dosing. The surviving animals dosed at 4200 mg/kg body weight showed large body weight loss in the first week of the study, but gained in the second week of the study. The animals dosed a t 2400 and 1300 mg/kg body weight generally showed body weight gain considered to be similar to that of untreated animals of the same age and strain, although weight gain by some females was lower than expected. The macroscopic post mortem examination mainly revealed stomach enlargement; red colouration of stomach and/or thymus and a small thymus among animals that died during the study. Macroscopic post mortem examination o f the surviving animals revealed mainly irregular grey/white areas in forestomach epithelium. Due to the mortality distribution only estimated LD50 values could be calculated. These amounted to 4114 mg/kg body weight for the sexes combined, 12867 mg/kg body weight for the males only and 2932 mg/kg body weight for the females only.

The estimated LD50 for males and females combined is 4114 mg/kg bw (corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 2394 mg/kg bw), for males alone 12867 mg/kg bw (corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 7489 mg/kg bw ) and for females alone 2932 mg/kg bw corrected for 58.2% active ingredient = 1706 mg/kg bw ). Therefore under GHS the test substance is classified in category V.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Value:

2 394 mg/kg bw

Quality of whole database:

The structural similarity for the 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol is that it has ca 80% C18 unsaturated, 6% C18 saturated and 9% C16 and ca 1.5% C14. This compares to tallow such as in the target Ethanol, 2,2’-iminobis-N-tallow alkyl derivatives, N-oxides which typically has 35% C18 unsaturated, 26% C18 saturated, 35% C16 and 2.4% C14 and 1.3% C17. The higher degree of unsaturation in the 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol is expected to result in higher reactivity from the increased double bonds in the unsaturated C18 at 80% as opposed to 35% in the tallow. Therefore the acute oral toxicity of the 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol is not expected to be an underestimate of the acute oral toxicity of the target Ethanol, 2,2’-iminobis-N-tallow alkyl derivatives, N-oxides.

Acute toxicity: via inhalation route

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Quality of whole database:

Acute inhalation toxicity, the test substance is manufactured and sold as a 50% paste with 25% diethylene glycol and 25% water, inhalation exposure is not expected to be a normal route of exposure. Therefore acute inhalation testing has not been performed, the study is waived as not scientifically justified.

Acute toxicity: via dermal route

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Quality of whole database:

Acute oral toxicity is >2000mg/kg bodyweight therefore acute dermal toxicity is expected to also be > 2000mg/kg bodyweight as dermal absorption is expected to be less than oral.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on read across to the source substance 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol, the has acute oral toxicity >2000 mg/kg bodyweight (2394 mg/kg bodyweight) for males and females combined). The acute dermal LD50 has not be established as it can be assumed to also be greater than 2000mg/kg bodyweight as dermal absorption is not expected to exceed oral absorption.

Acute inhalation toxicity, the test substance is manufactured and sold as a 50% solution in diethylene glycol and water, inhalation exposure is not expected to be a normal route of exposure. Therefore acute inhalation testing has not been performed, the study is waived as not scientifically justified.

The structural similarity for the 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol is that it has ca 80% C18 unsaturated, 6% C18 saturated and 9% C16 and ca 1.5% C14. This compares to tallow such as in the target Ethanol, 2,2’-iminobis-N-tallow alkyl derivatives, N-oxides which typically has 35% C18 unsaturated, 26% C18 saturated, 35% C16 and 2.4% C14 and 1.3% C17. The higher degree of unsaturation in the 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol is expected to result in higher reactivity from the increased double bonds in the unsaturated C18 at 80% as opposed to 35% in the tallow. Therefore the acute oral toxicity of the 2,2’-(octadec-9-enylimino)diethanol is not expected to be an underestimate of the acute oral toxicity of the target Ethanol, 2,2’-iminobis-N-tallow alkyl derivatives, N-oxides.