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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
From September 15, 2016 to October 19, 2016
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2016
Report date:
2016

Materials and methods

Test guidelineopen allclose all
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Type of assay:
bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Constituent 1
Reference substance name:
Phosphoric acid, mono- and di-isotridecyl esters, compd. with 2,2'-iminobis [ethanol]
Cas Number:
85409-75-2
IUPAC Name:
Phosphoric acid, mono- and di-isotridecyl esters, compd. with 2,2'-iminobis [ethanol]
Constituent 2
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
EC Number:
249-913-8
EC Name:
Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
Cas Number:
29870-32-4
Molecular formula:
C4H11NO2.xH3O4P
IUPAC Name:
bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
Constituent 3
Reference substance name:
bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium diphosphate
IUPAC Name:
bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium diphosphate
Constituent 4
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Water
EC Number:
231-791-2
EC Name:
Water
Cas Number:
7732-18-5
Molecular formula:
H2O
IUPAC Name:
Dihydrogen oxide
Test material form:
other: highly viscous liquid
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Phosphoric acid, mono- and di-isotridecyl esters, compd. with 2,2'-iminobis [ethanol]
- ZS name: PHOSPHORSÄUREPARTIALESTER, DEASALZ I-C13
- ZS number: 1577
- Batch: RE 10-7
- Appearance, Color: Colorless, highly viscous liquid
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Batch no.: RE 10-9
Purity/composition: 10.0% dry matter
Appearance: whitish liquid

Method

Target gene:
Histidine and tryptophan
Species / strainopen allclose all
Species / strain / cell type:
S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
Species / strain / cell type:
E. coli WP2 uvr A
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Metabolic activation system:
S9-mix (rat liver S9-mix induced Aroclor 1254)
Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
1.7, 5.4, 17, 52, 164, 512, 1600 and 5000 µg/plate were tested in triplicate (based on range finding dose study and cytotoxicity).
The highest concentration of the test substance used in the mutation assays was 5000 μg/plate or the level at which the test substance inhibited bacterial growth.
Vehicle / solvent:
Ethanol for the test substance (and DMSO or saline for positive controls)
Controls
Untreated negative controls:
yes
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
yes
Remarks:
ethanol, DMSO or saline
Positive controls:
yes
Positive control substance:
4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide
2-nitrofluorene
sodium azide
methylmethanesulfonate
other: ICR-191(without metabolic activation), 2-aminoanthracene (with metabolic activation)
Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- Following dose range findings studies, the test was performed in two independent experiments, at first a direct plate assay was performed and secondly a pre-incubation assay both in the absence and presence of S9-mix.
- Exposure: 48 ± 4h (+ a pre-incubation of 30 min if needed)
Rationale for test conditions:
- Based on the most recent OECD and EC guidelines
- Dose range finding studies
- First mutation experiments
Evaluation criteria:
In addition to the criteria stated below, any increase in the total number of revertants should be evaluated for its biological relevance including a comparison of the results with the historical control data range.
- A test substance was considered negative (not mutagenic) in the test if: a) The total number of revertants in tester strain TA100 or WP2uvrA is not greater than two times the concurrent control, and the total number of revertants in tester strains TA1535, TA1537 or TA98 is not greater than three times the concurrent control. b) The negative response should be reproducible in at least one follow up experiment.
- A test substance was considered positive (mutagenic) in the test if: a) The total number of revertants in tester strain TA100 or WP2uvrA is greater than two times the concurrent control, or the total number of revertants in tester strains TA1535, TA1537 or TA98 is greater than three times the concurrent control. b) In case a repeat experiment is performed when a positive response is observed in one of the tester strains, the positive response should be reproducible in at least one follow up experiment.
Statistics:
No formal hypothesis testing was done.
- Revertant colonies (histidine independent (His+) for Salmonella typhimurium bacteria and tryptophan independent (Trp+) for Escherichia coli) were counted.

Results and discussion

Test resultsopen allclose all
Key result
Species / strain:
other: S. typhimurium TA1535, TA1537 and TA98
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
cytotoxicity
Remarks:
in all strains except in S. typhimurium TA1537 in the absence of S-9-mix
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Untreated negative controls validity:
valid
Positive controls validity:
valid
Key result
Species / strain:
other: S. typhimurium TA1535, TA1535, TA98 and TA100 and E. coli WP2uvrA
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
cytotoxicity
Remarks:
in all strains except in E. coli WP2uvrA
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Untreated negative controls validity:
valid
Positive controls validity:
valid
Key result
Species / strain:
other: S. typhimurium TA1535, TA1535 and TA98
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
cytotoxicity
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Untreated negative controls validity:
valid
Positive controls validity:
valid
Additional information on results:
- In the dose range finding study, the test substance was initially tested up to concentrations of 5000 µg/plate in the strains TA100 and WP2uvrA in the direct plate assay. The test substance did not precipitate on the plates at this dose level. Cytotoxicity, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of revertants and reduction of the bacterial background lawn, was observed in tester strain TA100 in the absence and presence of S9-mix. In tester strain WP2uvrA, no toxicity was observed at any of the dose levels tested. Results of this dose range finding test were reported as part of the first mutation assay.
- In the first mutation experiment, the test substance was tested up to concentrations of 5000 µg/plate in the strains TA1535, TA1537 and TA98. The test substance did not precipitate on the plates. Cytotoxicity, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of revertants, reduction of the bacterial background lawn and/or the presence of microcolonies, was observed in all tester strains in the absence and presence of S9-mix, except in tester strain TA1537 in the absence of S9-mix.
- In the second mutation experiment, the test substance was tested up to concentrations of 5000 µg/plate in the tester strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100 and WP2uvrA in the pre-incubation assay. Precipitation was observed in the absence and presence of S9-mix. Due to the composition of the test substance, no revertant colonies or bacterial background lawn could be determined at the highest dose level tested. Cytotoxicity, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of revertants, reduction of the bacterial background lawn and/or the presence of microcolonies, was observed in all tester strains in the absence and presence of S9-mix, except in tester strain WP2uvrA. Since in the second mutation test, due to toxicity, only two or three analysable dose levels were present in the tester strains TA1537 (absence of S9-mix), and TA1535 and TA98 (absence and presence of S9-mix), an additional experiment was performed.
- In this third mutation experiment, the test substance was tested at concentration ranges of 0.54 to 164 µg/plate in the absence of S9-mix and at a range of 1.7 to 512 µg/plate in the presence of S9-mix. The test substance was tested up to or beyond a precipitating dose level. Cytotoxicity, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of revertants, reduction of the bacterial background lawn and/or the presence of microcolonies, was observed in all three tester strains.
- The negative and strain-specific positive control values were within the laboratory historical control data ranges indicating that the test conditions were adequate and that the metabolic activation system functioned properly.
- The test substance did not induce a significant dose-related increase in the number of revertant (His+) colonies in each of the four tester strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) and in the number of revertant (Trp+) colonies in tester strain WP2uvrA both in the absence and presence of S9-metabolic activation in any of the experiments. Based on the results of this study it is concluded that the test substance was not mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay and in the Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay.
Remarks on result:
other: first experiment

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
Under the study conditions, the test substance was not mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay.
Executive summary:

A study was conducted to determine the in vitro genetic toxicity according to OECD Guideline 471 and EU Method B.13/14, in compliance with GLP. Dose range finding tests as well as direct plate and pre-incubation assays both in the absence and presence of S9-mix were performed. Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA100 and TA98 and Escherichia coli strain WP2uvrA were exposed to the test substance at concentration levels of 1.7, 5.4, 17, 52, 164, 512, 1600 and 5000 µg/plate for 48 ± 4 h (plus a pre-incubation of 30 min if needed). In the dose range finding study, the test substance was initially tested up to concentrations of 5000 µg/plate in the strains TA100 and WP2uvrA in the direct plate assay. In the first mutation experiment, the test substance was tested up to concentrations of  5000 µg/plate in the strains TA1535, TA1537 and TA98. The test substance did not precipitate on the plates. Cytotoxicity was observed in all tester strains in the absence and presence of S9 -mix, except in tester strain TA1537 in the absence of S9 -mix. In the second mutation experiment, the test substance was tested up to concentrations of 5000 µg/plate in the tester strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100 and WP2uvrA in the pre-incubation assay. Precipitation was observed in the absence and presence of S9 -mix. Due to the composition of the test substance, no revertant colonies or bacterial background lawn could be determined at the highest dose level tested. Cytotoxicity was observed in all tester strains in the absence and presence of S9-mix, except in tester strain WP2uvrA. Since in the second mutation test, due to toxicity, only two or three analysable dose levels were available for the tester strains TA1537 (absence of S9-mix), and TA1535 and TA98 (absence and presence of S9-mix), an additional experiment was performed. In this third mutation experiment, the test substance was tested at concentration ranges of 0.54 to 164 µg/plate in the absence of S9-mix and at a range of 1.7 to 512 µg/plate in the presence of S9-mix. Cytotoxicity was observed in all three tester strains. The negative and strain-specific positive control values were within the laboratory historical control data ranges indicating that the test conditions were adequate and that the metabolic activation system functioned properly. The test substance did not induce a significant dose-related increase in the number of revertant (His+) colonies in any of the four tester strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) and in the number of revertant (Trp+) colonies in tester strain WP2uvrA both in the absence and presence of S9-metabolic activation in any of the experiments. Under the study conditions, the test substance was not mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay (Verspeek-Rip, 2016).