Reaction products of acrylic acid with 2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bis[2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol]

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From 26 April, 2012 to 10 May, 2012

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2013

Report date:

2013

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

2-({2,2-bis[(prop-2-enoyloxy)methyl]butoxy}methyl)-2-[(prop-2-enoyloxy)methyl]butyl prop-2-enoate

EC Number:

830-217-3

Cas Number:

1393932-71-2

Molecular formula:

Not applicable for this UVCB

IUPAC Name:

2-({2,2-bis[(prop-2-enoyloxy)methyl]butoxy}methyl)-2-[(prop-2-enoyloxy)methyl]butyl prop-2-enoate

Test material form:

liquid

Method

Target gene:

- S. typhimurium: Histidine gene
- E. coli: Tryptophan gene

Species / strain

Species / strain 1

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100

Species / strain 2

Species / strain / cell type:

E. coli WP2 uvr A

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

Rat liver S9-mix induced by a combination of phenobarbital and ß-naphthoflavone

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

Experiment 1
Preliminary test (without and with S9) TA100 and WP2uvrA: 3, 10, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 3330 and 5000 µg/plate
Main study: TA1535, TA1537 and TA98:
Without and with S9-mix: 33, 100, 333, 1000 and 3330 µg/plate
Experiment 2:
Without and with S9-mix: 33, 100, 333, 1000 and 3330 µg/plate

Vehicle / solvent:

- Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle:
Test compound was soluble in DMSO and DMSO has been accepted and approved by authorities and international guidelines

Controls

Controls 1

Untreated negative controls:

no

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

Positive controls:

yes

Positive control substance:

methylmethanesulfonate

Remarks:

without S9 Migrated to IUCLID6: 650 µg/plate in DMSO for TA100

Controls 2

Positive control substance:

2-nitrofluorene

Remarks:

without S Migrated to IUCLID6: 10 µg/plate in DMSO for TA98 and 15 µg/plate for TA1537

Controls 3

Positive control substance:

4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide

Remarks:

without S9 Migrated to IUCLID6: 10 µg/plate in DMSO for WP2uvrA

Controls 4

Positive control substance:

sodium azide

Remarks:

without S9 Migrated to IUCLID6: 5 µg/plate in saline for TA1535

Controls 5

Positive control substance:

other: 2-aminoanthracene in DMSO for all tester strains

Remarks:

with S9

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)

DURATION
- Exposure duration: 48 h

NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS:
- Doses of the test substance were tested in triplicate in each strain. Two independent experiments were conducted.

DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: The reduction of the bacterial background lawn, the increase in the size of the microcolonies and the reduction of the revertant colonies.

OTHER EXAMINATIONS:
- The presence of precipitation of the test compound on the plates was determined.

Evaluation criteria:

A test substance is considered negative (not mutagenic) in the test if:
a) The total number of revertants in tester strain TA100 is not greater than two (2) times the concurrent control, and the total number of revertants in tester strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98 or WP2uvrA is not greater than three (3) times the concurrent control.
b) The negative response should be reproducible in at least one independently repeated experiment.

A test substance is considered positive if:
a) A two-fold (TA100) or more or a three-fold (TA1535, TA1537, TA98, WP2uvrA) or more increase above solvent control in the mean number of revertant colonies is observed in the test substance group.
b) In case a repeat experiment is performed when a positive response is observed in one of the tester strains, the positive response should be reproducible in at least one independently repeated experiment.

Results and discussion

Test results

Test results 1

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 100

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 2

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 98

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 3

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1537

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 4

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1535

Metabolic activation:

without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 5

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1535

Metabolic activation:

with

Genotoxicity:

positive

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 6

Key result

Species / strain:

E. coli WP2 uvr A

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity, but tested up to precipitating concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Additional information on results:

TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Precipitation: Precipitation was observed at dose levels of 3330 and 5000 µg/plate


RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES:
- No toxicity or mutagenicity was observed up to and including the top dose of 5000 µg/plate

COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA:
- The negative and strain-specific positive control values were within our laboratory historical control data ranges indicating that the test conditions were adequate and that the metabolic activation system functioned properly.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON CYTOTOXICITY:
- No toxicity was observed up to and including the top dose of 3330 µg/plate

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Under the study conditions, di-TMPTTA was mutagenic at up to 3330 μg/plate only in tester strain TA1535 of the Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of metabolic activation only. No mutagenicity was observed in the other Salmonella typhimurium tester strains (TA1537, TA100 or TA98) or the Escherichia coli tester strain WP2uvrA with or without metabolic activation.

Executive summary:

A study was conducted to evaluate the mutagenic activity of di-TMPTTA in areverse mutation assay according to OECD Guideline 471 and EU Method B.13/14. S. typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100 and Escherichia coli tryptophan-requiring strain WP2uvrA were used. The test was performed in two independent experiments in the presence and absence of S9 mix. In a dose range-finder, the substance was tested up to concentrations of 5,000 μg/plate in the absence and presence of S9 mix in TA100 and WP2uvrA. Precipitation was observed on the plate at 3,330 and 5,000 μg/plate. The bacterial background lawn was not reduced at any concentrations and no biologically relevant decrease in the number of revertants was observed. Based on these results, the substance was tested in the first mutation assay at 33 to 3,330 μg/plate in the absence and presence of metabolic activation in S. typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537 and TA98. In an independent repeat of the assay with additional parameters, the substance was tested at the same concentrations in the absence and presence of metabolic activation in S. typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100 and E. coli WP2uvrA. Precipitation was observed on the plates at 3,330 μg/plate. The bacterial background lawn was not reduced at any concentration and no biologically relevant decrease in the number of revertants was observed. In the presence of S9 mix, the substance induced 14.5- and 8.5-fold increases in strain TA1535 in the first and second experiment, respectively. The increases observed were above the laboratory historical control data range, greater than three times the concurrent control, dose-related and observed in two independently repeated experiments. All other bacterial strains showed negative responses over the entire dose range, i.e. no significant dose-related increase in the number of revertants in two independently repeated experiments. The test substance at concentrations up to 3330 μg/plate was therefore mutagenic only in S. typhimurium strain TA1535 in the presence of metabolic activation. No mutagenicity was observed in the other S. typhimurium strains (TA1537, TA100 or TA98) or the Escherichia coli WP2uvrA with or without metabolic activation (Verspeek-Rip 2013).