Hydrocarbons, C12-C16, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics (2-25%)

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

from 1994-04-07 to 1994-07-15

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study.

Justification for type of information:

A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across: supporting information

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Water hardness higher than recommended; However, it is assumed that it had no influence on the test results.

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Samples were taken during the equilibration phase (WAF preparation: media allowed to settle for about 1 hour) and at the end of the period of use 24 hours later.
All extractions for each test were performed on the day of the samples being taken and all determinations carried out on the same or following day.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
Water accomodated fractions of Shellsol H were produced by stirring water appropriate to the test organisms and Shellsol H from 69-71 hours, leaving the contents of the vessel to stand at least for 1 hour and running off the aqueous phase for use as the test medium.

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Source: Exmoor trout farm, Molton, Devon UK
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 4.7-5.2 cm (mean length: 4.9 cm)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.87-1.2 g (mean weight: 1.0 g)

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: at least 9 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): minimum of 7 days at test conditions
- Type and amount of food: Mainstream Trout Food No. 03 (BP Nutrition Ltd.)
- Feeding frequency: maintenance ration
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): If mortality is more than 5% in the 7 days preceeding a study, the fish are not used.

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

none

Hardness:

258-254 mg/l CaCO3

Test temperature:

14-15°C

pH:

7.1-7.2

Dissolved oxygen:

9.4-10.1

Salinity:

Not applicable (freshwater)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal loading rate: 0, 10, 100, 1000 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: sealed with a glass plate
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 11 l glass aspirators completely filled with test medium (WAF) or dilution watr (control)
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): fresh test media was added after every observation
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: The water comes from two pumping stations (Highstead and controlled by the Mid Kent Water Company. The water is obtained from bore holes in the chalk of the North Downs. The only chemical treatment prior to its arrival in the laboratory is chlorination to 0.1 mg/l. In the laboratory, the water is filtered (PAL MDY 1001 Y400) to remove all particles larger than 15 µm (90% of particles greater than 10µm) and passed through activated carbon filters (Cuno model CT) to remove chlorine and organic conatminants. Both particle and activated carbon filter cartridges are renewed as recommended by the manufacturers. Heat exchange units (stainless steel and perspex) are used to adjust the temperature of the water.
- Intervals of water quality measurement: six months


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Observations for mortality and toxic signs were made at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hrs.

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

10 - 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

100 - 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

10 - 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 96-hr LL50 range for Oncorhynchus mykiss was 10-100 mg/l (WAF).

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of water accomodated fractions (aqueous extrats) of Shellsol H has been determined to the fish Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout).

The test media were prepared by adding quantities of Shellsol H to culture medium appropriate to the test organisms and stirring in sealed vessels for 69 -71 hours). The strirring period was demonstrated as being sufficient to ensure equilibration of the shellsol H and aqueous phases. After stirring the contents of the test vessels were left to settle for about 1 hour before drawing off the WAF for use as the test media in the toxicity tests.

The concentrations of dissolved hydrocarbons (derived from the Shellsol H) in the test media was determined during the toxicit tests usig gas chromatography. The analyses showed that the concentration in the test media was <1% of the loading rate. The reduction in the concentration of dissolved hydrocarbons in the test media during the test was ≤26%.

The acute toxicity to O. mykiss of water accomodated fractions of Shellsol H prepared at loading rates of 10, 100, and 1000 mg/l was determined in a 96h semi-static toxicity test with daily renewal of the test media. The test was conducted in sealed test vessels. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LL50 values (loading rates resulting in mortality of 50% of the fish after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h exposure) were >1000, 100 -1000, 10 -100 and 10 -100 mg/l respectively.

Description of key information

There is no data available for this substance. However, key data is available for the structural analogue Hydrocarbons, C10-C13, n-alkanes, Isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics (2-25%). The data for this substance is presented in this dossier. The data is read across to these substances based on analogue read across and a discussion and report on the read across strategy is provided as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.

Hydrocarbons, C10-C13, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics (2-25%) presented a 96-h LL50 (mortality) range for Oncorhynchus mykiss of 10 -100 mg/L (based on water accomodated fractions).

Additional information

One study report was available and input as an endpoint record for short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates.

The study from Shell (1995) examined the acute toxicity of water accomodated fractions (aqueous extrats) of Shellsol H (Hydrocarbons, C10-C13, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics (2-25%)) to the fish Oncorhynchus mykiss. The test media were prepared by adding quantities of Shellsol H to culture medium appropriate to the test organisms and stirring in sealed vessels for 69 -71 hours). The strirring period was demonstrated as being sufficient to ensure equilibration of the shellsol H and aqueous phases. After stirring the contents of the test vessels were left to settle for about 1 hour before drawing off the WAF for use as the test media in the toxicity tests. The concentrations of dissolved hydrocarbons (derived from the Shellsol H) in the test media was determined during the toxicit tests usig gas chromatography. The analyses showed that the concentration in the test media was <1% of the loading rate. The reduction in the concentration of dissolved hydrocarbons in the test media during the test was ≤26%. The acute toxicity to O. mykiss of water accomodated fractions of Shellsol H prepared at loading rates of 10, 100, and 1000 mg/l was determined in a 96h semi-static toxicity test with daily renewal of the test media. The test was conducted in sealed test vessels. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LL50 values (loading rates resulting in mortality of 50% of the fish after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h exposure) were >1000, 100 -1000, 10 -100 and 10 -100 mg/l respectively.