Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 947-907-6 | CAS number: -
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Overall, although the protein hydrolysates as such are not acutely toxic, their bonding with the quaternary ammonium compound (i.e., Quab 360), which was found to cause acute toxicity and leading to ‘Acute Tox. 4’ classification, is suspected to influence the overall acute toxicity potential of the test substance, as identified in the NRU assay with the read across substance. Therefore, as a worst case the LD50 of the test substance, ‘Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed wool’ is expected to lie in the range 300-2000 mg/kg bw (or at 541 mg/kg bw similar to Quab 360).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- From March 31, 1981 to April 14, 1981
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- Refer to section 13 of IUCLID for details on the read-across justification. The study with the read across substance is considered sufficient to fulfil the information requirements as further explained in the provided endpoint summary.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The test substance was administered orally by gavage in graduated doses to several groups of experimental animals, one dose being used per group. Subsequently observations of effects and deaths are made. Animals which die during the test are necropsied, and at the conclusion of the test the surviving animals are sacrificed and necropsied.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- other: Hagan et al 1959 Method
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Doses:
- 5 gm/kg bw
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 males and 5 females
- Control animals:
- no
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 5 000 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Mortality:
- No moratality was observed.
- Gross pathology:
- No gross changes were observed in all animals.
- Interpretation of results:
- other: not classified based on EU CLP criteria
- Conclusions:
- Based on results of the read across study, the LD50 of the test substance is considered to be >5000 mg/kg bw.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed keratin' (active content not specified), according to a method described by Hagan et al 1959, in compliance with GLP. Ten albino rats (5 animals each sex), weighing 200 to 300 g, each received a single oral dose of the test substance at a dose level of 5000 mg/kg bw. Animals were observed for pharmacological activity and drug toxicity at 1, 3, 6 and 24 h after treatment and daily thereafter for a total of 14 d. Non-survivors and animals surviving the 14 d observation period were subjected to gross necropsy, with all findings noted. No significant changes in bodyweight or gross were observed in any animal. Under the study conditions, the LD50 of the read across substance was determined to be >5000 mg/kg bw (CPT 1981). Based on results of the read across study, similar oral LD50 can be expected for the test substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed wool'.
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- From July 07, 1987 to July 21, 1987
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- KL2 due to RA
- Justification for type of information:
- Refer to section 13 of IUCLID for details on the Category justification. The study with the read across substance is considered sufficient to fulfil the information requirements as further explained in the provided endpoint summary.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- fixed dose procedure
- Limit test:
- yes
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Animals and Husbandry
Young adult Sprague Dawley derived rats of Crl:CD (SD) BR strain were supplied by Charles River (UK) Limited, Margate, Kent and were delivered by road transport on 19th June 1987. After arrival at the testing facilities animals were permitted an acclimatization period of eighteen days. Animals were housed in single sex groups of five in grid bottomed polypropylene cages . A commercially available pelleted rodent diet (SQC R and M No.1 expanded produced by special diet services, Witham, Essex) and mains drinking water via polypropylene bottles were provided ad libitum. The animal room was illuminated by fluorescent light to give a 24 h cycle of 12 h light/ 12 h dark. The room was air conditioned with the air temperature maintained within the range 18-24ºC and relative humidity within the range 43-76% during the study.
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on oral exposure:
- oral gavage
- Doses:
- 10 g/kg bw (neat single dose)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 male and 5 female
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- Dosing
A group of five male and five female animals were administered a single dose level of the test substance. Healthy animals were fasted overnight prior to dosing. Animals were selected for treatment and weighed, the weight being used to calculate the amount of test substance to be administered. This was dosed neat at a dose level of 10g/kg. Animals were dosed by peroral injection using a rubber catheter attached to a syringe of suitable capacity. After dosing animals were returned to their cages end permitted access to rood and water.
Observations
All animals were examined frequently after dosing and then daily for 14 consecutive days. Any signs of toxicity or other effects were noted along with the time of onset and duration. Animals were weighed at weekly intervals.
Necropsy
At the end of the fourteen day post dose observation period surviving animals were weighed and then sacrificed by carbon dioxide asphyxiation. Animals killed thus and those dying during the study were then subjected to gross examination including the opening of the cranial, thoracic and visceral cavities. - Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- < 10 000 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Equivalent to <2500 mg/kg bw a.i.
- Mortality:
- One male animal was found dead on Day 2, two male and four female animals were found dead on Day 3 and a further male animal was found dead on Day 4. The surviving male animal had completely recovered by Day 4 and the female animal had recovered by Day 5. The test substance had significant toxic effects when administered as a single oral dose at a level of 10 g/kg bw. Observed mortality was eighty percent.
- Clinical signs:
- other: Piloerection was observed in all animals within one hour of dosing and was accompanied by red fur staining on Day 2 in male animals and Day 3 in the surviving female animal. Perinasal staining was observed in one female animals by Day 2.
- Gross pathology:
- No abnormalities were noted at necropsy in the surviving animals. Distension of the gastro-intestinal tract, perinasal, peribuccal and perianal staining were noted in the decedents on necropsy examination. Dark coloration pf lungs, heart and liver was apparent in one animal.
- Interpretation of results:
- other: not classified based on EU CLP criteria
- Conclusions:
- Based on results of the read across study, the LD50 of the test substance is considered to be <10 g/kg bw (Equivalent to <2500 mg/kg bw a.i.).
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Hydrolysed keratin from wool' (active: 25%), according to OECD Guideline 401 (limit test), in compliance of GLP. Following overnight fasting, groups of five male and five female rats were administered the test substance at single dose of 10 g/kg bw, by oral gavage route. All animals were observed for a 14 d period for any signs of toxicity or other effects of treatment. Piloerection was observed in all animals within one hour of dosing. One male animal was found dead on Day 2, two male and four female animals were found dead on Day 3 and a further male animal was found dead on Day 4. Abnormalities noted at necropsy were distension of the gastro-intestinal tract, perinasal, peribuccal and perianal staining. Dark coloration pf lungs, heart and liver was apparent in one animal. The test substance had significant toxic effects when administered as a single oral dose at a level of 10 g/kg bw. Observed mortality was 80%. Under the study conditions, the LD50 of the read across substance could not be established and was considered to be <10 g/kg bw (i.e., equivalent to <2500 mg/kg bw a.i.) (TLL, 1987). Based on results of the read across study, similar percentage of mortality at the tested dose of 10 g/kg bw is expected for the test substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed wool'.
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- From December 17, 1987 to December 31, 1987
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- KL2 due to RA
- Justification for type of information:
- Refer to section 13 of IUCLID for details on the Category justification. The study with the read across substance is considered sufficient to fulfil the information requirements as further explained in the provided endpoint summary.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- other: Hagan et al 1959 Method
- Limit test:
- yes
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Animals and Husbandry
Young adult Sprague Dawley derived rats of Crl:CD BR strain were supplied by Charles River (UK) limited. Animals were allowed a acclimatisation period of six days. Animals were housed in single sex groups of five in grid bottomed polypropylene cages. A commercially available pelleted rodent diet and mains drinking water via polypropylene bottles were provided ad libitum. The animal room was illuminated by fluorescent light to give a 24 h cycle of 12 h light/12 h dark and the room was air conditioned with the air temperature maintained within the range 19-24ºC and relative humidity within the range 28-67% during the acclimatisation and study periods. - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on oral exposure:
- The test substance was bulked in distilled water to give a dose volume of 10 mL/kg bw at dose level of 2000 mg/kg bw.
- Doses:
- 2 gm/kg bw
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 males and 5 females
- Control animals:
- no
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Equivalent to >500 mg/kg bw a.i.
- Clinical signs:
- other: Piloerection was apparent in one female rat approximately one hour after dosing.
- Gross pathology:
- Necropsy revealed raddening of the glandular mucosa of the stomach in two female animals. The adrenals of one of these animals also appeared red and the kidneys were mottled and dark in color.
- Other findings:
- No other signs of toxicity were observed.
- Interpretation of results:
- other: EU CLP classification criteria not met
- Remarks:
- (no mortality or systemic toxicity observed)
- Conclusions:
- Based on results of the read across study, similar absence of toxicity following acute exposure is expected for the the test substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed wool'.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Hydrolysed keratin from wool' (active: 25%), according to OECD Guideline 401 (limit test), in compliance with GLP. Following overnight fasting, groups of five male and five female rats were administered the test substance at 2000 mg/kg bw, by oral gavage route. All animals were observed for a 14 d period for any signs of toxicity or other effects of treatment. One female animal did exhibit piloerection immediately after dosing. No other signs of toxicity were observed and minor abnormalities were noted in two animals at necropsy. Under the study conditions, the oral LD50 of the read across substance was determined to be >2000 mg/kg bw (i.e., equivalent to >500 mg/kg bw a.i.) (TLL, 1988). Based on results of the read across study, similar absence of toxicity following acute exposure is expected for the the test substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed wool'.
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- From January 24, 1983 to February 11, 1983
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- Refer to section 13 of IUCLID for details on the Category justification. The study with the read across substance is considered sufficient to fulfil the information requirements as further explained in the provided endpoint summary.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The test substance was administered orally by gavage in graduated doses to several groups of experimental animals, one dose being used per group. Subsequently observations of effects and deaths are made. Animals which die during the test are necropsied, and at the conclusion of the test the surviving animals are sacrificed and necropsied.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- other: Hagan et al 1959 Method
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Doses:
- 5 gm/kg bw
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 males and 5 females
- Control animals:
- no
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 5 000 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Equivalent to >1000 mg/kg bw a.i.
- Mortality:
- Only one female animal died on the Day 9 of the observation period.
- Gross pathology:
- No gross changes were observed in nine animals, whereas fibrous tissue encasing heart and lungs was noted in one animal.
- Interpretation of results:
- other: EU CLP classification criteria not met
- Remarks:
- no mortality or systemic toxicity was observed
- Conclusions:
- Based on results of the read across study, the LD50 of the test substance is considered to be >5000 mg/kg bw (Equivalent to >1000 mg/kg bw a.i.).
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Hydrolysed keratin' (active: 20%), according to a method described by Hagan et al 1959, in compliance with GLP. Ten albino rats (5 animals each sex), weighing 204 to 256 g, each received a single oral dose of the test substance at a dose level of 5000 mg/kg bw. Animals were observed for pharmacological activity and drug toxicity at 1, 3, 6 and 24 h after treatment and daily thereafter for a total of 14 d. Non-survivors and animals surviving the 14 d observation period were subjected to gross necropsy, with all findings noted. No significant changes in bodyweight were observed in any animal. Only one female animal died on the Day 9 of the observation period. No gross changes were observed in nine animals, whereas fibrous tissue encasing heart and lungs was noted in one animal. Under the study conditions, the LD50 of the read across substance was determined to be >5000 mg/kg bw ( i.e., equivalent to >1000 mg/kg bw a.i.) (CPT 1983). Based on results of the read across study, similar absence of mortality or systemic toxicity following acute exposure is expected for the test substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed wool'.
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- From January 14, 1987 to February 07, 1987
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Justification for type of information:
- Refer to section 13 of IUCLID for details on the Category justification. The study with the read across substance is considered sufficient to fulfil the information requirements as further explained in the provided endpoint summary.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- fixed dose procedure
- Limit test:
- yes
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Animals and Husbandry
Young adult Sprague Dawley derived rats were supplied by A. Smith, Warlingham, Surrey. After arrival at the testing facilities animals were permitted an acclimatization period of at least five days. Animals were housed in single sex groups of five in grid bottomed polypropylene cages. A commercially available pelleted rodent diet (modified 41B supplied by Pillsbury's Limited of Birmingham) and mains drinking water via polypropylene bottles were provided ad libitum. The animal room was illuminated by fluorescent light to give a 24 h cycle of 12 h light/ 12 h dark. The room was air conditioned with the air temperature maintained within the range 16-23ºC and relative humidity within the range 38-91% during the study.
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on oral exposure:
- oral gavage
- Doses:
- 10 g/kg bw (neat single dose)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 male and 5 female
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- Dosing
A group of five male and five female animals were administered a single dose level of the test substance. Healthy animals were fasted overnight prior to dosing. Animals were selected for treatment and weighed, the weight being used to calculate the amount of test substance to be administered. This was dosed neat at a dose level of 10g/kg. Animals were dosed by peroral injection using a rubber catheter attached to a syringe of suitable capacity. After dosing animals were returned to their cages end permitted access to rood and water.
Observations
All animals were examined frequently after dosing and then daily for 14 consecutive days. Any signs of toxicity or other effects were noted along with the time of onset and duration. Animals were weighed at weekly intervals.
Necropsy
At the end of the fourteen day post dose observation period all animals were weighed and then sacrificed by carbon dioxide asphyxiation. Animals were then subjected to gross examination including the opening of the cranial, thoracic and visceral cavities. - Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 10 000 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Mortality:
- No mortality
- Clinical signs:
- other: No treatment related effects observed
- Gross pathology:
- No treatment related effects observed
- Other findings:
- No treatment related effects observed
- Interpretation of results:
- other: EU CLP classification criteria not met
- Remarks:
- no mortality or systemic toxicity was observed
- Conclusions:
- Based on results of the read across study, the LD50 of the read across substance is considered to be >10 g/kg bw.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Hydrolysed keratin' (active content not specified), according to OECD Guideline 401 (limit test), in compliance with GLP. Following overnight fasting, groups of five male and five female rats were administered single dose of 10 g/kg bw test substance, by oral gavage route. All animals were observed for a 14 d period for any signs of toxicity or other effects of treatment. No treatment related adverse effects or signs of toxicity and no abnormalities at necropsy were noted in all animals. No significant body weight change related to treatment was observed. Under the study conditions, the oral LD50 of the read across substance was determined to be >10 g/kg bw (TLL, 1986). Based on results of the read across study, similar absence of mortality or systemic toxicity following acute exposure is expected for the test substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed wool'.
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
- Justification for type of information:
- Refer to section 13 of IUCLID for details on the Category justification. The study with the read across substance is considered sufficient to fulfil the information requirements as further explained in the provided endpoint summary.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Remarks:
- Bor: WISW
- Sex:
- male/female
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- other: aqua dest.
- Details on oral exposure:
- The test was performed with undiluted test substance.
- Doses:
- Male: 389, 573, 693, 838 mg/kg
Female: 1015, 1230, 1806 mg/kg - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- The test was performed with undiluted test substance. Four groups of 5 male rats were dosed with 693, 838, 1015, 1230 mg/kg of the test substance. Three groups of 5 females were dosed with 389, 573, 838 mg/kg of the test substance.
- Key result
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 541 other: mg/kg
- Based on:
- act. ingr.
- 95% CL:
- > 354 - < 827
- Remarks on result:
- other: corrected for 35% purity
- Key result
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 912 other: mg/kg
- Based on:
- act. ingr.
- 95% CL:
- > 742 - < 1 121
- Remarks on result:
- other: corrected for 35% purity
- Interpretation of results:
- other: Category 4 based on CLP criteria
- Conclusions:
- Based on results of the read across study, the oral LD50 of the test substance is considered at 541.0 mg/kg bw (95% confidence intervals: 354.0 -827.0) for female rats and at 912 mg/kg bw (95% confidence intervals: 742 -1121) for male rats.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Quab 360' (active: 35%) when administered by oral gavage to Wistar rats (Bor: WISW) according to OECD Guideline 401. The test was performed with undiluted substance. Four groups of 5 male rats were dosed with 693, 838, 1015, 1230 mg a.i./kg bw and three groups of 5 females were dosed with 389, 573, 838 mg/kg bw of the read across substance; doses were corrected for the 35% active content of the read across substance. Following signs of toxicity were noted: piloerection, restrained gait, stilted gait, diarrhea, sunken sides, body weight decrease, individual chromodacryorrhoea, and tremor, premortal general loss of reflexes. First signs of intoxication symptoms were seen 2 to 5 h post administration and in the low dose 1 to 2 d post administration. Mortality was observed between Day 1 and 4. Gross pathological findings showed red-coloured mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. Stomach tympanic and stomach and abdomen filled with liquid. Under the study conditions, the oral LD50 of the read across substance was determined at 541 mg/kg bw (95% confidence intervals: 354 -827) for female rats and at 912 mg/kg bw (95% confidence intervals: 742 -1121) for male rats (Degussa, 2007). Based on results of the read across study, similar levels of mortality and oral LD50 value is expected for the test substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxylpropyl hydrolysed wool'.
Referenceopen allclose all
Results
Animal No and Sex |
Bodyweight (gm) |
Hours |
Days |
Bodyweight (gm) |
|||||||||||||||
1 |
3 |
6 |
24 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
|
||
1M |
244 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
372 |
2M |
240 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
364 |
3M |
244 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
378 |
4M |
264 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
418 |
5M |
234 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
368 |
6F |
226 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
276 |
7F |
244 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
300 |
8F |
240 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
308 |
9F |
230 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
284 |
10F |
248 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
296 |
N = Normal
D= Depression
SD = Slight Depression
XD = Severe Depression
Results
Main study - Individual findings:
Animal No. 1M |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing accompanied by red fur staining by Day 2. The animal was found dead on Day 2. At necropsy the gastro-intestinal tract was distended with gas and brown fluid. |
Animal No. 2M |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing. This persisted until Day 2 when the animal was found dead. At necropsy perinasal staining and a clear fluid in the stomach were noted. |
Animal No. 3M |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing accompanied by red fur staining by Day 2. The animal was found dead on Day 2. The animal was found dead on Day 3. At necropsy peribuccal staining was noted and the gastro-intestinal tract was distended with gas and brown fluid. |
Animal No. 4M |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing accompanied by red fur staining by Day 2. The animal was found dead on Day 2 and hypoactivity on Day 3. The animal was found dead on Day 4. At necropsy peribuccal staining was noted, the gastro-intestinal tract was distended with gas and brown liquid. Dark coloration of the lungs, heart and liver was noted. |
Animal No. 5M |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing accompanied by red fur staining by Day 2 and 3. Complete recovery occurred by Day 4. No other effects of treatment observed and no abnormalities noted at necropsy. |
Animal No. 1F |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing. Found dead on Day 3. At necropsy peribuccal staining was noted and the gastro-intestinal tract was distended with gas and brown fluid. |
Animal No. 2F |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing. The animal was found dead on Day 3. At necropsy the gastro-intestinal tract was distended with gas and brown fluid. |
Animal No. 3F |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing accompanied by red fur staining by Day 2. The animal was found dead on Day 3. At necropsy the gastro-intestinal tract was distended with gas and brown fluid. |
Animal No. 4F |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing. The animal was found dead on Day 3. At necropsy the gastro-intestinal tract was distended with gas and brown fluid. |
Animal No. 5F |
Piloerection observed 1 h after dosing accompanied by red fur staining by Day 3. This staining remained until Day 4. Complete recovery occurred by Day 5. No other effects of treatment observed and no abnormalities noted at necropsy. |
Bodyweights - Individual values - Main study
Dose level (g/kg) |
Animal number |
Sex |
Bodyweight on Day (g)
|
Change in bodyweight (Day1-15) |
||
1 |
8 |
15 |
||||
10 g/kg
|
D1/1 |
M
|
165 |
- |
- |
- |
D1/2 |
162 |
- |
- |
- |
||
D1/3 |
167 |
- |
- |
- |
||
D1/4 |
168 |
- |
- |
- |
||
D1/5 |
156 |
211 |
246 |
90 |
||
Mean |
164 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
||
SD |
4.8 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
||
D2/1 |
F
|
132 |
- |
- |
- |
|
D2/2 |
129 |
- |
- |
- |
||
D2/3 |
129 |
- |
- |
- |
||
D2/4 |
132 |
- |
- |
- |
||
D2/5 |
134 |
174 |
197 |
63 |
||
Mean |
131 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
||
SD |
2.2 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
||
Results
Clinical observation
Animal number and Sex |
Clinical observations |
1M |
No signs of toxicity or abnormalities were observed |
2M |
No signs of toxicity or abnormalities were observed |
3M |
No signs of toxicity or abnormalities were observed |
4M |
No signs of toxicity or abnormalities were observed |
5M |
No signs of toxicity or abnormalities were observed |
6F |
Piloerection observed one hour after dosing Stomach glandular mucosa red |
7F |
No signs of toxicity or abnormalities were observed |
8F |
No signs of toxicity or abnormalities were observed |
9F |
No signs of toxicity were observed. Kidneys were dark and mottled. Adrenals were red. Stomach glandular mucosa red |
10F |
No signs of toxicity or abnormalities were observed |
Effect on body weight
Dose level mg/kg |
Animal number and Sex |
Bodyweight (g) |
Change in bodyweight (g) |
||
2000 mg/kg bw |
Day |
Day |
|||
1 |
8 |
15 |
1-15 |
||
1M |
114 |
170 |
226 |
112 |
|
2M |
107 |
190 |
235 |
128 |
|
3M |
120 |
183 |
228 |
108 |
|
4M |
103 |
163 |
214 |
111 |
|
5M |
109 |
166 |
208 |
99 |
|
Mean |
111 |
174 |
222 |
112 |
|
SD |
6.6 |
11.6 |
11 |
10.5 |
|
6F |
122 |
163 |
179 |
57 |
|
7F |
126 |
178 |
196 |
70 |
|
8F |
117 |
165 |
189 |
72 |
|
9F |
125 |
171 |
201 |
76 |
|
10F |
113 |
157 |
184 |
71 |
|
Mean |
121 |
167 |
190 |
69 |
|
SD |
5.5 |
8 |
8.9 |
7.2 |
|
Results
Animal No and Sex |
Bodyweight (gm) |
Hours |
Days |
Bodyweight (gm) |
|||||||||||||||
1 |
3 |
6 |
24 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
|
||
1M |
208 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
300 |
2M |
204 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N6 |
N |
N6 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
320 |
3M |
222 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
340 |
4M |
222 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
356 |
5M |
206 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
342 |
6F |
210 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
272 |
7F |
238 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
300 |
8F |
220 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
310 |
9F |
236 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N6 |
SD6,9 |
+ |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
236 |
10F |
218 |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
290 |
Comments: Animal 1-8, 10: No gross changes observed. 9: Fibrous tissue encasing heart and lungs
N = Normal
D= Depression
SD = Slight Depression
XD = Severe Depression
+ = animal death
1: Hair moist and matted
2: Hair matted and unkempt
3: Probable middle ear infection
4: Diarrhea
5: Mucoid diarrhea
6: Appears dehydrated
7: Convulsions
8: Muscle tremors
9: Dried blood around nares
Results
Main study - Individual findings:
Animal No. D1/1M |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Animal No. D1/2M |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Animal No. D1/3M |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Animal No. D1/4M |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Animal No. D1/5M |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Animal No. D2/1F |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Animal No. D2/2F |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Animal No. D2/3F |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Animal No. D2/4F |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Animal No. D2/5F |
No effects of treatment observed during the study and no abnormalities noted at necropsy |
Bodyweights - Individual values - Main study
Dose level (g/kg) |
Animal number |
Sex |
Bodyweight on Day (g) |
Change in bodyweight (Day1-15) |
||
1 |
8 |
15 |
||||
10 g/kg |
D1/1 |
M |
327 |
409 |
456 |
129 |
D1/2 |
324 |
407 |
414 |
90 |
||
D1/3 |
312 |
384 |
423 |
111 |
||
D1/4 |
351 |
435 |
485 |
134 |
||
D1/5 |
340 |
431 |
451 |
139 |
||
Mean |
331 |
413 |
479 |
121 |
||
SD |
15.1 |
20.6 |
32.1 |
20.1 |
||
D2/1 |
F |
259 |
271 |
289 |
30 |
|
D2/2 |
266 |
291 |
330 |
64 |
||
D2/3 |
264 |
290 |
368 |
104 |
||
D2/4 |
260 |
267 |
274 |
14 |
||
D2/5 |
260 |
266 |
268 |
8 |
||
Mean |
262 |
277 |
306 |
44 |
||
SD |
3 |
12.5 |
42.4 |
40 |
||
Signs of toxicity related to dose level used:
Piloerection, restrained gait, stilted gait, diarrhea, sunken sides, body weight decrease, individual chromodacryorhoea, and tremor, premortal general loss of reflexes. First signs of intoxication symptoms were seen 2 to 5 hours p. a. in the low dose 1 to 2 days, death between day 1 and 4.
Effects on organs (related to dose level): mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum dark-red coloured. Stomach tympanic, stomach and abdomen filled with liquid.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 541 mg/kg bw
- Quality of whole database:
- Guideline compliant study
Acute toxicity: via inhalation route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Acute toxicity: via dermal route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
The acute toxicity potential of the test substance has been assessed based on studies of read across substances as well as substances representative of the 2 main components used to manufacture the test substance, which can be categorised as hydrolysed proteins and quaternary ammonium compound (i.e., Quab 360). The results are presented below:
Read across studies
Study 1: An in vitro study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of read across substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed silk (active: 51%)', using cytotoxicity based on Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) Method, according to OECD Guideline 129, in compliance with GLP. The study was assessed in vitro using XCellR8’s internally validated Human Cell-Based Screen (Non-Regulatory Method). The test uses cultured human dermal fibroblasts in animal product free culture, NRU method and a prediction model, based on the GHS classification system for acute toxicity. After a 24 h ± 1 h exposure of 8 concentrations (i.e., 300, 200, 133.3, 88.9, 59.3, 39.5, 26.3, 17.6 µg/mL) of test substance in cell culture medium of Human Dermal Fibroblasts neonatal (HDFn), cytotoxicity was evaluated. Using a prediction model, determined previously, the IC50 value was converted to a corresponding GHS classification for oral acute toxicity. The percentage of viability for each concentration was calculated and normalised to viability results of the negative control (untreated cells) arbitrarily set to 100%. The IC50 (i.e. the concentration at which a decrease in cell viability of 50% was observed) was calculated as being 33.6 µg/mL (17.14 µg a.i./mL) in the Range Finding Experiment (RFE); 40.5 µg/mL (20.66 µg a.i./mL) in the main experiment 1 (ME1); 25.3 µg/mL (12.90 µg a.i./mL) in ME2 and 26.1 µg/mL (13.31 µg a.i./mL) in ME3. Based on the study results (IC50: 12.90 to 20.66 µg/mL), the study author concluded, the read across substance could fall in potential EU CLP category 4 (LD50: 300 to 2000 mg/kg bw) (XCellR8, 2017). However, it is known that the in vitro NRU cytotoxicity assay has a high false positive rate and, therefore, positive results cannot be readily used in a meaningful way in characterising the acutely toxic substances.
Study 2: A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed keratin' (active content not specified), according to a method described by Hagan et al 1959, in compliance with GLP. Ten albino rats (5 animals each sex), weighing 200 to 300 g, each received a single oral dose of the test substance at a dose level of 5000 mg/kg bw. Animals were observed for pharmacological activity and drug toxicity at 1, 3, 6 and 24 h after treatment and daily thereafter for a total of 14 d. Non-survivors and animals surviving the 14 d observation period were subjected to gross necropsy, with all findings noted. No significant changes in bodyweight or gross were observed in any animal. Under the study conditions, the LD50 of the read across substance was determined to be >5000 mg/kg bw (CPT 1981).
Hydrolysed proteins:
Study 1:A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Hydrolysed keratin (active: 20%), according to a method described by Hagan et al 1959, in compliance with GLP. Ten albino rats (5 animals each sex), weighing 204 to 256 g, each received a single oral dose of the test substance at a dose level of 5000 mg/kg bw. Animals were observed for pharmacological activity and drug toxicity at 1, 3, 6 and 24 h after treatment and daily thereafter for a total of 14 d. Non-survivors and animals surviving the 14 d observation period were subjected to gross necropsy, with all findings noted. No significant changes in bodyweight were observed in any animal. Only one female animal died on the Day 9 of the observation period. No gross changes were observed in nine animals, whereas fibrous tissue encasing heart and lungs was noted in one animal. Under the study conditions, the LD50 of the read across substance was determined to be >5000 mg/kg bw ( i.e., equivalent to >1000 mg/kg bw a.i.) (CPT 1983).
Study 2: A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Hydrolysed keratin (active content not specified)', according to OECD Guideline 401 (limit test), in compliance with GLP. Following overnight fasting, groups of five male and five female rats were administered single dose of 10 g/kg bw test substance, by oral gavage route. All animals were observed for a 14 d period for any signs of toxicity or other effects of treatment. No treatment related adverse effects or signs of toxicity and no abnormalities at necropsy were noted in all animals. No significant body weight change related to treatment was observed. Under the study conditions, the oral LD50 of the read across substance was determined to be >10 g/kg bw (TLL, 1986).
Study 3: A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, 'Hydrolysed keratin from wool (active: 25%)', according to OECD Guideline 401 (limit test), in compliance with GLP. Following overnight fasting, groups of five male and five female rats were administered the test substance at 2000 mg/kg bw, by oral gavage route. All animals were observed for a 14 d period for any signs of toxicity or other effects of treatment. One female animal did exhibit piloerection immediately after dosing. No other signs of toxicity were observed and minor abnormalities were noted in two animals at necropsy. Under the study conditions, the oral LD50 of the read across substance was determined to be >2000 mg/kg bw (i.e., equivalent to >500 mg/kg bw a.i.) (TLL,1988).
Further, the hydrolysed proteins differences across the read across substances is not expected to have an impact, as the proteins in general are not toxic and form and play an important part in the living organisms (such as enzymes, antibodies, hormones, transport or structural proteins, essential elements of the motile and contractile systems) (Lehninger, 1983). The proteins that are found in food and eaten by human beings and mammals are normally degraded metabolically by means of enzymatic processes to give rise to more simple metabolites (peptides and amino acids) that are used by the live cells for the biosynthesis of new specific proteins. The hydrolysed proteins coming from the enzymatic hydrolysis of the animal tissues, therefore, do not cause any danger to human beings and mammals in general. Proteins appear in all biochemical processes that take place in every live cell being, this way they are considered as essential compounds for human life. Moreover, the hydrolysed proteins are authorized by the EU in order to be used as attractant in the elaboration of baits in combination with appropriate insecticides of the Organic Farming (Regulation EC 1488/97 annex 2, part B). This shows the innocuousness of these compounds, since the practice of this kind of agriculture is very demanding with the use of products that can be harmful to human beings. Also in Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002 of the European Parliament and the Council of 3 October 2002 laying down health rules concerning animal by-products not intended for human consumption, hydrolysed proteins (molecular weight <10,000 Dalton) have been allowed in feed animal products, ensuring the safety and the toxicology harmlessness of them.
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) – Quab 360
A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity potential of the read across substance, Quab 360 (active: 35%) when administered by oral gavage to Wistar rats (Bor: WISW) according to OECD Guideline 401. The test was performed with undiluted substance. Four groups of 5 male rats were dosed with 693, 838, 1015, 1230 mg a.i./kg bw and three groups of 5 females were dosed with 389, 573, 838 mg/kg bw of the read across substance; doses were corrected for the 35% active content of the read across substance. Following signs of toxicity were noted: piloerection, restrained gait, stilted gait, diarrhea, sunken sides, body weight decrease, individual chromodacryorrhoea, and tremor, premortal general loss of reflexes. First signs of intoxication symptoms were seen 2 to 5 h post administration and in the low dose 1 to 2 d post administration. Mortality was observed between Day 1 and 4. Gross pathological findings showed red-coloured mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. Stomach tympanic and stomach and abdomen filled with liquid. Under the study conditions, the oral LD50 of the read across substance was determined at 541 mg/kg bw (95% confidence intervals: 354 -827) for female rats and at 912 mg/kg bw (95% confidence intervals: 742 -1121) for male rats (Degussa, 2007).
Overall, although the protein hydrolysates as such are not acutely toxic, their bonding with the quaternary ammonium compound, which was found to cause acute toxicity and leading to ‘Acute Tox. 4’ classification, is suspected to influence the overall acute toxicity potential of the test substance, as identified in the NRU assay with the read across substance. Therefore, as a worst case the LD50 of the test substance, ‘Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed wool’ is expected to lie in the range 300-2000 mg/kg bw.
References:
1) Principles of biochemistry by Albert L Lehninger. pp 1011. Worth Publishers, New York, January, 1983.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the weight of evidence information, the test substance, 'Cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolysed wool' is concluded to warrant 'Acute Tox.4, H302: Harmful if swallowed' classification according to EU CLP criteria (Regulation EC 1272/2008).
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