Reaction product of tin, citric acid and nitric acid

Health surveillance data

Administrative data

Endpoint:

health surveillance data

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

secondary literature

Justification for type of information:

For justification of Read-across / Weight-of-evidence approach, please refer to justification documentation attached in IULCID Chapter 13.

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

assessment report

Remarks:

justification for weight-of-evidence approach

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Recommendation from the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits for tin and inorganic tin compounds

Author:

SCOEL/SUM/97

Year:

2003

Bibliographic source:

European Commission; Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion: Recommendation from the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits for tin and inorganic tin compunds

Materials and methods

Study type:

biological effect monitoring

Endpoint addressed:

repeated dose toxicity: inhalation

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Tin dioxide

EC Number:

242-159-0

EC Name:

Tin dioxide

Cas Number:

18282-10-5

Molecular formula:

O2 Sn

IUPAC Name:

Tin dioxide

Specific details on test material used for the study:

workers examined were exposed to tin melting fumes or condensation aerosols formed during the melting of tin, consisting mainly of SnO2.

Method

Type of population:

occupational

Details on study design:

Study 1: Employees, including pensioners, from a tin melting works were examined and chest X-rays were taken to determine tin load of lungs. The type of work conducted was documented and the number of year the workers were working with tin was recorded. Clinical symptoms were documented and lung function studies were conducted and mortality was evaluated compared to the general population of the area (UK).

Study 2: A survey was made over a number of years of workers exposed to condensation aerosols formed during the melting of tin and consisting mainly of SnO2. Total silica concentration in the aerosols did not exceed 3%. Total dust concentration in air varied between 3 and 70 mg/m3. Appearances of pneumoconiosis were documented and set into relation of worker OEL implementation.

Results and discussion

Results:

Study 1: Chest X-ray changes were found in 121 out of 215 workers. The changes were widespread, tiny, dense shadows or softer, larger, more nodular opacities. Typical changes were found in workers handling raw ore, smelting furnace house workers and refinery furnace men. The length of employment was 3-50 years. None of the men had any clinical symptoms or signs referable to pneumoconiosis. None of the films suggested fibrosis or significant emphysema. Lung function studies showed no disability, whatever the radiographic category. The population at the tin melting works had lower mortality (131 deaths) than expected when compared to the male population in the UK (expected 166) in the period 1921-55.

Study 2: Workers developed pneumoconiosis after 6 to 8 years of employment. No cases of pneumoconiosis were observed 10 years after the dust concentration had been reduced to 10 mg/m3. No further details are given.