Decanoic acid, mixed esters with heptanoic acid, isovaleric acid, octanoic acid and pentaerythritol

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

04 - 09 April 1998

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP-Guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Water accommodated fraction (WAF) were prepared by stirring the test substance in the dilution water for 24 hours to reach equilibrium concentration. A 20 L complete glass basin was appointed with a glass tube, by what the aqueous phase could be take off witout contamination of the unsolved film of the hydrocarbon. Before the take off of the aqueous phase the preparation was left for 1 hour for complete phase separation.

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebra fish
- Source: MPI für Entwicklungsbiologie, Tübingen, Germany
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 3.1 - 3.5 cm
- Feeding during test: no

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: At least 12 d
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Mortality ≤ 5%

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test temperature:

23 ± 2 °C

pH:

8.2 - 8.4

Dissolved oxygen:

> 91%

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 10000 mg/L (WAF)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 10 L/ basin
- Aeration: yes, constant with Pasteur pipettes
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency): every 24 h
- No. of organisms per concentration: 7

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: By aeration (1-2 d) dechlorinated tap water
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Oxygen content, pH-value and temperature were registered after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 14 light, 10 h dark (Gro-Lux)

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Schooling behaviour, activity (mobility), surfacing, floatability (equilibrium behaviour), dead animals, breathing frequency

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 10 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: WAF loading rate

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: 2 of the 7 test fish showed abnormal behaviour during the 96 h test period. This 2 fish were seperated from the school and showed lower activity. After 72 h the schooling behaviour of the rest of the fish was also disturbed. The activity and the equilibrium behaviour was equal to the control fish.
- Other biological observations: The feed ingestion after test end was only reduced at the 2 more reacted fish. All other fish showed the same behaviour as the control fish.
- Mortality of control: none
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: WAFs showed light turbidity, but contained no visible emulsion drops.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

No mortality of the fish could be observed in the control and the test concentration (10000 mg/l WAF) after 96h under conditions tested. 2 of the 7 test fish showed abnormal behaviour during the 96 h test period. This 2 fish were seperated from the swarm and showed lower activity. But after 72 h the swarm behaviour of the rest of the fish was also disturbed. However, the activity and the equilibrium behaviour was equal to the control fish. The feed ingestion after test end was only reduced at the 2 more reacted fish. All other fish showed the same behaviour as the control fish. As WAFs showed light turbidity and the water solubility of the test substance is < 0.3 mg/l, the abnormal behaviour could cause in unsolved test substance. Overall no mortality could be observed and therefore the LL50 is > 10000 mg/l. Due to the low water solubility (< 0.3 mg/l), no mortality within the water solubility of the test substance were observed and therewith the LC50 (96h) is > water solubility of the test substance.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

No mortality of the fish could be observed in the control and the test concentration (10000 mg/l WAF) after 96h under conditions tested. 2 of the 7 test fish showed abnormal behaviour during the 96 h test period. This 2 fish were seperated from the swarm and showed lower activity. But after 72 h the swarm behaviour of the rest of the fish was also disturbed. However, the activity and the equilibrium behaviour was equal to the control fish. The feed ingestion after test end was only reduced at the 2 more reacted fish. All other fish showed the same behaviour as the control fish. As WAFs showed light turbidity and the water solubility of the test substance is < 0.3 mg/l, the abnormal behaviour could cause in unsolved test substance. Overall no mortality could be observed and therefore the LL50 is > 10000 mg/l. Due to the low water solubility (< 0.3 mg/l), no mortality within the water solubility of the test substance were observed and therewith the LC50 (96h) is > water solubility of the test substance.

Executive summary:

No mortality of the fish could be observed in the control and the test concentration (10000 mg/l WAF) after 96h under conditions tested. 2 of the 7 test fish showed abnormal behaviour during the 96 h test period. This 2 fish were seperated from the swarm and showed lower activity. But after 72 h the swarm behaviour of the rest of the fish was also disturbed. However, the activity and the equilibrium behaviour was equal to the control fish. The feed ingestion after test end was only reduced at the 2 more reacted fish. All other fish showed the same behaviour as the control fish. As WAFs showed light turbidity and the water solubility of the test substance is < 0.3 mg/l, the abnormal behaviour could cause in unsolved test substance. Overall no mortality could be observed and therefore the LL50 is > 10000 mg/l. Due to the low water solubility (< 0.3 mg/l), no mortality within the water solubility of the test substance were observed and therewith the LC50 (96h) is > water solubility of the test substance.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Remarks:

1 substance available for read-across

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Justification for type of information:

See section 13 for the full attached justification for read-across

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 10 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: WAF loading rate

Remarks:

CAS 11138-60-6

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Remarks:

Read-across

Conclusions:

The substance, CAS 68130-51-8; EC 268-594-6, is analogous to the substances to be read across to, in terms of basic form, and the degree of substitution of functional groups is not considered to effect the proposed read across for the endpoint of short-term toxicity to fish.The substance is not considered to be toxic to fish on the basis of read across.

Description of key information

The substance, CAS 68130-51-8; EC  268-594-6, is analogous to the substances to be read across to, in terms of basic form, and the degree of substitution of functional groups is not considered to effect the proposed read across for the endpoint of toxicity to microorganisms. The substance is not considered to be toxic to microorganisms on the basis of read across.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L

Additional information

No toxicity at the limit of solubility in water.