Propionaldehyde, reaction products with formaldehyde

Acute Toxicity: oral

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

from 26 January to 18 August 2010

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

GLP-Study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2010

Report date:

2010

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 423 (Acute Oral toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method)

Version / remarks:

17 Dec 2001

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.1 tris (Acute Oral Toxicity - Acute Toxic Class Method)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test type:

acute toxic class method

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Propionaldehyde, reaction products with formaldehyde

EC Number:

701-281-9

Molecular formula:

C5H10O3

IUPAC Name:

Propionaldehyde, reaction products with formaldehyde

Details on test material:

- Name of test material: Propionaldehyde, reaction products with formaldehyde (EC 701-281-9) was former registered with identifier 3-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropionaldehyde (CAS 18516-18-2)
- Lot/batch No.: CH 138067/001 as cited in report freeze-dried for analytical purpose
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 30 November 2010
- Stability under test conditions: min. 1 year
- Storage condition of test material: Room temperature

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Species, strain: Rats, Crl:CD(SD).
- Supplier: Charles River Deutschland GmbH, D-97633 Sulzfeld.
- Number and sex: 6 females.
- Age: Approx. 8 weeks at the time of the administration.
- Health conditions: A health inspection was performed prior to the commencement of treatment to ensure that the animals were in a good state of health.
- Hygiene: Optimal hygienic conditions.
- Feed: Ssniff R/M-H maintenance diet for rats and mice (item V1534-300) ad libitum, supplied by Ssniff Spezialdiäten GmbH, 59494 Soest, Germany. Analysis of the feed for ingredients and contaminants is performed randomly by Ssniff.
- Exception: The feed was withdrawn the evening before the administration of the test substance and was offered again about three hours afterwards.
- Water: Tap water from an automatic watering system, ad libitum. Random samples of the water are analysed by the "AGES", A-1226 Vienna, to check, if the water fulfils the requirements for drinking water for humans.
- Identification: Labelling with felt-tipped pen on the tail and on the cage.


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Room number: EI1-11.
- Room temperature: Ranges from 22 °C +/- 3 °C (continuous control and recording).
- Relative humidity: Ranges from 30 - 70 % (continuous control and recording).
- Air exchange: 12 per hour.
- Light: Artificial light from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.
- Cages: Single caging in Makrolon cages type III (39 cm x 23 cm bottom area, 18 cm height). Wire mesh lids. Sanitation of cages once a week.
- Bedding material: Aspen wood chips, Fa. ABEDD Dominik Mayr KEG, A-8580 Köflach, autoclaved. Random samples of the bedding material are analysed for contaminants by the supplier. Changes 1 / week.
- Environmental enrichment: Nibbling wood bricks (10 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm) and nesting material, both from the same material and source as the bedding material, were offered to the animals once a week.

Acclimatisation: At least 7 days.

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

water

Remarks:

deionised

Details on oral exposure:

A peroral administration was performed once in the morning by stomach intubation using a metal gavage.

VEHICLE
- Vehicle: deionised water.
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 10 mL per kg body weight.
- Justification for choice of vehicle: The test substance was sufficeiently soluble in water and water shalll be used pfeferagly, according to the guiedelines. The solutions were prepared freshly before administration and were administered within 10 minutes after the preparation.



CLASS METHOD (if applicable)
- Rationale for the selection of the starting dose: The selection of the starting dose was based on available data on the acute toxicity of a 50 % solution of the test substance, submitted by the sponsor (LD50 > 2000 mg/kg) and on the results of a dose range finding study for a Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (internal study code ZSI32), where all animals survived a dose of 1000 mg/kg given on 7 consecutive days. Therefore a LD50, oral > 2000 mg/kg was assumed.
The further proceeding was in accordance with the guideline/directive:
• Step 1: 2000 mg per kg body weight.
• Step 2: 2000 mg per kg body weight.

Doses:

2000 mg/kg body weight

No. of animals per sex per dose:

3 per step (6 females per dose)

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Observations were performed within the periods 0 - 0.5, 0.5 - 1, 1 - 2, 2 - 4 and 4 - 6 hours after administration (p.a.) of the test substance and then at least once a day for a total of 14 days.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Clinical signs including body weight : Observations included but were not limited to changes in skin, fur, eyes, the occurrence of secretions and excretions, autonomic activity, changes in gait, posture and the presence of convulsions.
The animals were sacrificed by inhalation of 80 % CO2 + 20 % air 14 days p.a. and subjected to a necropsy including a gross pathological examination.

Results and discussion

Effect levels

Key result

Sex:

female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 5 000 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Mortality:

All animals survived until the scheduled termination of the study.

Clinical signs:

other: All animals showed signs of reduced well-being from 1 h until 6 h p. a. This term encompasses unspecific alterations, like sedation, apathy, piloerection, hunched posture or closed eyes, in single or multiple occurrence.

Gross pathology:

No abnormal findings were made in all animals at the necropsy 14 d p.a.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table:    Body weights and body weight gain

             Individual data, means and standard deviations SD.

Dose	Animal	Body weight (g)			Body weight gain (g)
mg/kg (Step No.)	No.	before administr.	7 days p.a.	14 days p.a.	death	0-7 days p.a.	7-14 days p.a.
2000	21	193	208	223	-	15	15
(1)	22	189	230	233	-	41	3
	23	188	217	235	-	29	18
	mean	190.0	218.3	230.3	-	28.3	12.0
	SD	2.6	11.1	6.4	-	13.0	7.9
2000	24	187	214	232	-	27	18
(2)	25	183	210	221	-	27	11
	26	187	214	230	-	27	16
	mean	185.7	212.7	227.7	-	27.0	15.0
	SD	2.3	2.3	5.9	-	0.0	3.6

Table:    Observations in life

             A grade of severity was recorded where applicable (low - mid - high).

Findings	Dose (mg/kg), Step No.	Animal Nos.	Observation time (p.a.) first    last
signs of reduced well-being	2000, 1	21, 22, 23	1 h / 6 h
	2000, 2	24, 25, 26	1 h / 6 h

Table:    Necropsy findings

             Number of animals examined: 6 females.

SYSTEM Organ, finding	Dose (mg/kg)	Step No.	Animal Nos.
no abnormal findings	2000	1	21, 22, 23
	2000	2	24, 25, 26

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Remarks:

according to EU GHS

Conclusions:

No severe toxic effects are present in the tested animals until a dose of 2000 mg/kg bw. The LD50 oral was concluded to be > 5000 mg/kg bw.

Executive summary:

The aim of the study was to investigate acute toxic effects of the test substance after a single peroral administration to rats in conformance with the OECD Guideline 423, 17 December 2001 and the Council Regulation (EC) No 440/2008, Method B.1 tris in compliance with GLP criteria.

The test substance was administered once orally via gavage as a solution in deionised water to female Crl:CD(SD) rats. The dosing was performed sequentially to groups of 3 animals per step using a starting dose 2000 mg per kg body weight. The dose volume was 10 mL per kg body weight for all groups. Body weights were investigated before administration, 7 and 14 days after the administration (p.a.). Clinical observations were performed at least once per day and animals were sacrificed and necropsied 14 days p.a.

 

Results

Dose (mg/kg)	Step No.	No. of animals			Prominent findings
		exposed	affected	deceased	in life	post mortem
2000	1	3	3	0	signs of reduced well-being	none
2000	2	3	3	0	signs of reduced well-being	none

 

All animals showed signs of reduced well-being from 1 h until 6 h p. a. This term encompasses unspecific alterations, like sedation, apathy, piloerection, hunched posture or closed eyes, in single or multiple occurrence. No animal died and they fully recovered .  All animals gained weight in both weeks p.a.  No severe toxic effects present were recorded in life or post-mortem.

The LD50 oral has been determined to be > 5000 mg/kg bw.