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Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Reference
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
25/02/2003 - 27/03/2003
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EPA OPPTS 850.1010 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test, Freshwater Daphnids)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))
Version / remarks:
1989
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Details on sampling:
- Concentrations: 0 (control), 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L
- Sampling method: At the begin (after 0 h) and at the end of the exposition (after48 h) samples from vessels without daphnids were analysed.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: none (analysed immediately)
Vehicle:
no
Remarks:
M4 medium
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test substance was stirred in M4 medium for about 30 minutes at 20 ± 2 ºC.
- Differential loading: The concentration of the stock solution was 100 mg/I (net weight : 50.1 mg / 500 ml).
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): no
Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: daphnia magna
- Strain/clone: STRAUS 1820
- Source: bred in the Laboratory Experimental Toxicology and Ecology of BASF AG, originally from Institut National de Recherche Chimiche Apliquée, France (1978).
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): 2-4 weeks
- Feeding during test: no

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: no (culturing conditions same as test).
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
48 h
Hardness:
2.20 - 3.20 mmol/l
Test temperature:
20 ± 2ºC
pH:
7.5 - 8.5
Dissolved oxygen:
> 3 mg/L
Conductivity:
550 - 650 μS/cm
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal concentrations: 0 (control), 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L test item (factor 2).
Measured concentrations were 99.2 - 101% of nominal at the start and at the end of the study.
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass test tubes with flat bottom (20 ml).
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 20 ml, 10ml, 10 ml.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 0.5 animals/ml

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS (M4 medium)
- Source/preparation of dilution water: synthetic freshwater
- Composition according to ISO 10706. After preparation the M4 medium is aerated for approximately 24 h until saturation with oxygen is reached.
- pH: 8.2
- Alkalinity: 0.87 mmol/I
- Ca/mg ratio: about 4:1
- Conductivity: 596 μS/cm
- Hardness: 2.42 mmol/l

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16h light / 8h dark
- Light intensity: Artificial light, type warm white (OSRAM L58 W31), about 1- 8 μE/(m2•s) at a wave length of 400 - 750 nm

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): Visual determination of swimming ability after 0, 24 and 48 h

VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes

RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: The test concentrations were determined in a range finding test (non GLP). No further details specified.
Reference substance (positive control):
yes
Remarks:
potassium dichromate
Key result
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC0
Effect conc.:
>= 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Duration:
48 h
Dose descriptor:
EC100
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mobility
Details on results:
- Behavioural abnormalities: no
- Observations on body length and weight: no
- Other biological observations: no
- Mortality of control: no
- Other adverse effects control: no
- Abnormal responses: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no.
Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50: 1.37 mg/l

Table 1. Number of mobile Daphnids in the different test conditions.

Conc.

(mg/l)

Parallel 1

(h)

Parallel 2

(h)

Parallel 3

(h)

Parallel 4

(h)

Total

(h)

 

0

24

48

0

24

48

0

24

48

0

24

48

24

48

Control

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

20

20

12.5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

20

20

25

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

4

20

19

50

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

20

20

100

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

20

20

 

Table 2. Minimum and maximum values of the chemical and physical parameters of the test solutions during the test period.

Parameter

Min

Max

pH value

6.7

8.2

Oxygen content (mg/L)

8.4

9.1

Temperature (ºC)*

19.6

20.1

*measured in a separate vessel.

Table 3. pH and O2 values in the test solutions after 0 and 48h.

Conc.

(mg/l)

pH value

O2 value (mg/L)

 

0 h

48 h

0 h

48 h

Control

8.2

8.1

9.1

8.9

12.5

8.2

8.1

9.1

8.8

25

8.1

8.1

8.9

8.9

50

7.7

8.1

8.9

8.5

100

6.7

7.9

8.8

8.4

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
in the control the immobilization was ≤ 10%, and no daphnids were captured in a surface film; O2 concentration was > 3 mg/I in all tested replicates; 24h-EC50 of the control substance (non-GLP) was 1,37 mg/I (last control 13/02/03, project 02/0106/50/13).
Conclusions:
The 48h-EC50 of the test item in Daphnia magna was found to be higher tan 100 mg/L, based on mobility.
Executive summary:

An acute immobilisation test on Daphnia magna was performed in accordance with OECD Guideline 202 / EU method C.2, under GLP. Based on the results of a preliminary range-finding test, the main test was carried out using concentrations of 0 (control), 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L test item in a static system. Test concentrations were analytically determined by HPLC at the beginning and at the end of the test and did not deviate more than 20%. Twenty animals, divided into four groups of five animals each were exposed to the test item or the control for 48 h (glass test tubes). The results of the last performed positive control (potassium dichromate) were used to ensure the quality of the results. All validity criteria were met. The 48h-EC50 of the test item in Daphnia magna was determined to be higher than 100 mg/L, based on mobility.

Description of key information

Key study. Method according to OECD 202 / EU C.2, GLP study. The 48h-EC50 of the test item in Daphnia magna is higher than 100 mg/L, based on mobility.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates
Effect concentration:
100 mg/L

Additional information