Reaction products of furan-2,5-dione and octadec-1-ene

Ecotoxicological Summary

Hazard for aquatic organisms

Freshwater

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.01 mg/L

Assessment factor:

1 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):

0.1 mg/L

Marine water

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.001 mg/L

Assessment factor:

10 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

PNEC marine water (intermittent releases):

0.1 mg/L

STP

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC STP

PNEC value:

8 mg/L

Assessment factor:

1

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

Sediment (freshwater)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (freshwater)

PNEC value:

340 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Sediment (marine water)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (marine water)

PNEC value:

34 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for air

Air

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Hazard for terrestrial organisms

Soil

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC soil

PNEC value:

40 mg/kg soil dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for predators

Secondary poisoning

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no potential for bioaccumulation

Conclusion on classification

In the absence of chronic aquatic toxicity information, the classification was based on the lowest acute aquatic toxicity value from the three trophic levels (i.e.,the NOEC and LC₅₀in fish of 10 mg/L and > 10 mg/L, respectively; the EL₅₀ in daphnids of 36.3 mg/L; and the E_rL₅₀of 85.1 mg/L in algae). The substance was shown to be rapidly biodegradable (but failing the 10-day window) and to undergo rapid hydrolysis in the environment, based on read-across. Due to its rapid hydrolysis and ready biodegradability, the substance is not expected to be of concern for bioaccumulation or secondary poisoning, although an experimentally determined value for bioconcentration factor (BCF) was not available. The octanol-water partition coefficient for the substance as predicted by QSAR (log Kow = 9.36) exceeds the criterion for classification as a chronic aquatic hazard (log K_ow ≥ 4).  However, the estimated octanol-water partition coefficient of the non-hydrolysed substance is not considered to be an effective predictor of its environmental behavior. The BCF values of the substance and its hydrolysis product (octadecenyl succinic acid) were 236.4 L/kg and 56.23 L/kg, respectively, as predicted by QSAR. Although these values are substantially below the criterion of BCF ≥ 500 L/kg for classification as a chronic aquatic hazard, the classification is based upon the predicted partition coefficient in the absence of an experimentally determined BCF.  Therefore, the substance was assigned a classification of Aquatic Chronic Category 3 for environmental hazards. The substance was assigned Hazard Statement H412 (Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects) and Precautionary Statements P273 (Avoid release to the environment), P391 (Collect spillage) and P501 (Dispose of contents/container to...).