4,4'-sulfonylbisphenol, polymer with ammonium chloride(NH4Cl), pentachlorophosphorane and phenol

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

26 February - 20 March 2001

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The study has been performed according to OECD and EC guidelines and according to GLP principles.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea) - Acute toxicity test (1996)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Version / remarks:

(1984)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Version / remarks:

(1992)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: Control and 100 mg/L (filtered and unfiltered)
- Sampling
Frequency: 0 and 48 h
Volume: 10 ml (from the approximate centre of the test vessels)
Storage: Samples were stored in a freezer until analysis

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

- Preparation of test solutions: As a consequence of the poor water solubility, a supersaturated solution was prepared at nominally 100 mg/L. This mixture was stirred for three days. Then, part of the solution was filtered through a paper filter (Schleicher and Schuell 604)
to remove the larger undissolved test substance particles (ca. > 5 µm). The blank received similar treatment. The rest
was not filtered and used as such. The lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the
filtrate in test medium. The unfiltered solution was a colourless dispersion with undissolved test substance
particles and a floating layer, while the filtered solution and the dilutions were clear and colourless. Hence, as a
consequence of the high degree of hydrophobicity the test substance was also tested at a concentration which had the
potential to disturb the test system (the unfiltered mixture).

Control: Blank (test medium only)

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: Not reported
- Age at study initiation: < 24 h
- Feeding during test: None

Breeding
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): yes
- Type of food: Fresh water algae
- Feeding frequency: Daily

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

250 mg CaCO3/L

Test temperature:

20.4 - 21.0 °C

pH:

7.8 - 8.1

Dissolved oxygen:

8.2 - 8.5 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- Nominal: Blank-control, 0.1%, 1%, 10%, 100% (filtrate) and 100 mg/L (unfiltered)
- Measure in 100% filtrate and 100 mg/L test concentrations (no blank-control)
At 0 h (filtered/unfiltered):
Component 1 – 0.068*/1.77 mg/L
Component 2 - <0.077*/2.01 mg/L
Component 3 -<0.19*/1.4 mg/L

At 48 h (filtered/unfiltered):
Component 1 – 0.026*/0.028 mg/L
Component 2 - <0.06*/<0.06* mg/L
Component 3 – 0.91/0.57 mg/L
*Sample were below the calibrated range and therefore calculated according to the following formula,

Concentration relative to nominal: (Concentration analyzed/concentration nominal) * 100 [%]

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: All-glass
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: All-glass, 100 ml filled with 80 ml test solution
- Aeration: None
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2 (except for the 0.1%, 1.0% and 10 % filtrates with only one replicate)
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Tap water purified by reverse osmosis
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement:
pH and dissolved oxygen - at the beginning and at the end of the test
Temperature of medium - Daily in one control vessel

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light: 8 hours dark

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Immobility (including mortality) at 24 and 48 hours

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: x10
- Range finding study: No

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

potassium dichromate

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: No acute toxicity up to solubility limit

Details on results:

- The test substance induced no effects in Daphnia magna exposed to a filtered (ca. 5 µm) or an unfiltered supersaturated solution both prepared at nominal 100 mg/L.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The 48 hours EC50 for Daphnia immobilization by potassium dichromate was 0.75 mg/L

- Comments on analytical monitoring:

Analysis of the samples taken from both the filtered and the unfiltered test solution showed detectable concentrations, which in general remained above the water solubility limit for each individual component during the test period. Component 2 decreased to a level below the limit of detection (<60 µg/L) after 48 hours and the concentration of component 3 measured in the filtered solution at the start of the test was below the detection limit (< 190 µg/l). However, it should be noted that the detection limits were above the water solubility limits. Hence, it can be concluded that actual exposure concentrations during the 48- hour test period were maintained at or above the water solubility limit of the test substance in test medium.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Owing to the extremely low solubility of the test substance in water, concentration levels toxic for crustaceans could not be reached. Therefore, the 48h-EC50 for Daphnia magna exceeded the maximum solubility of the test substance in water. Therefore, it was concluded that the test substance it is not acutely toxic up to the solubility limit.

Executive summary:

In a 48-h acute toxicity study, water fleas (Daphnia magna) were exposed to the substance at nominal concentrations of 0 (blank-control), 0.1% (filtrate), 1% (filtrate), 10% (filtrate), 100% (filtrate) and 100 mg/L (unfiltered) under static conditions. The test substance was not toxic for Daphnia magna. No toxicity was observed at any of the test concentrations, including the maximum solubility of the substance in test medium. Therefore, it was concluded that the test substance it is not acutely toxic up to the solubility limit. The study is considered to bereliable without restrictions according to OECD Guideline No. 202.

Description of key information

In a 48h acute toxicity study Daphnia magna were exposed to SPS-100. Toxic levels were above the maximum water solubility of SPS-100. Therefore, it was concluded that no acute toxicity was observed up to the solubility limit. The study is considered to be reliable without restrictions according to OECD Guideline No. 202.

Additional information

In a 48-h acute toxicity study, water fleas (Daphnia magna) were exposed to the substance at nominal concentrations of 0 (blank-control), 0.1% (filtrate), 1% (filtrate), 10% (filtrate), 100% (filtrate) and 100 mg/L (unfiltered) under static conditions. The test substance was not toxic for Daphnia magna. No toxicity was observed at any of the test concentrations, including the maximum solubility of the substance in test medium. Therefore, it was concluded that the test substance it is not acutely toxic up to the solubility limit. The study is considered to be reliable without restrictions according to OECD Guideline No. 202.