Bismuth trinitrate

Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other

Administrative data

Endpoint:

direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

not applicable

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Well documented publication.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Bismuth subcitrate nephrotoxicity

Author:

Sarikaya, M.; et al.

Year:

2002

Bibliographic source:

Nephron 90, 501-502

Materials and methods

Study type:

poisoning incident

Endpoint addressed:

acute toxicity: oral

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline required

Principles of method if other than guideline:

case report, nephrotoxicity

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Bismuth(3+) tripotassium bis[2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate]

EC Number:

260-872-5

EC Name:

Bismuth(3+) tripotassium bis[2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate]

Cas Number:

57644-54-9

IUPAC Name:

bismuth(3+) tripotassium bis[2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate]

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Bismuth subcitrate
No further details are given.

Method

Type of population:

general

Subjects:

- Number of subjects exposed: 1
- Sex: female
- Age: 17 years
- Race: Asian
No further details are given.

Ethical approval:

not applicable

Route of exposure:

oral

Reason of exposure:

intentional

Exposure assessment:

estimated

Details on exposure:

The girl had taken 25 tablets containing 300 mg bismuth subcitrate (total 7.5 g).

Examinations:

- Urine analysis: yes
- Haematology: yes; laboratory examination of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, uric acid , serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase.
- Other: physical examination, abdominal ultrasonography and colour doppler ultrasonography. Renal biopsy was performed.

Medical treatment:

The patient was managed with heamodialysis via subclavian vein catheter (6 times) and metoclopramide was added to treatment for nausea and vomiting.

Results and discussion

Clinical signs:

After ingestion of bismuth subcitrate, the girl noticed a progressive decrease in urine output. She was admitted to emergency room with complains of nausea, vomiting and anuria.

Results of examinations:

- Urine analysis: Urine examination showed ph 6.0, density 1020, protein 300 mg/dL, glucose 1000 mg/dL, 5-6 RBC and 3-4 WBC/hpf.
- Haematology: Laboratory examination revealed blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 71 mg/dL, serum creatinine 12.3 mg/dL, uric acid 8.5 mg/dL, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 85 U/L and lactic dehydrogenase 2371 U/L.
- Other: Physical examination was unremarkable except pretibial and periorbital oedema and gastric pain. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed normal kidney size; however, renal parenchymal echo was increased. Colour doppler ultrasonography revealed no thrombus in renal vein and arteries. There was no glomerular pathology. Signs of acute tubular necrosis were encounted in the proximal tubule epithelium.

Effectivity of medical treatment:

On the 8th day of treatment, the patients urine volume was gradually increased. At that time, laboratory examination revealed BUN 91 mg/dL and creatinine 1.8 mg/dL. Urinary examination did not show any protein, erythrocyte or leukocytes.
On the 21st day she was discharged from the hospital with complete health and BUN and creatinine were within normal limits.

Outcome of incidence:

no data

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

An overdose of bismuth subcitrate can cause renal necrosis.