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EC number: 273-729-7 | CAS number: 69012-29-9 By-product from the production of ferronickel from a complex ore. Consists primarily of oxides of aluminum, iron, magnesium and silicon.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- September 19-27, 2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study generated according to internationally accepted testing guidelines.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
- Report date:
- 2010
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.5100 - Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (August 1998)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Slags, ferronickel-manufg.
- EC Number:
- 273-729-7
- EC Name:
- Slags, ferronickel-manufg.
- Cas Number:
- 69012-29-9
- Molecular formula:
- This is a UVCB substance, consisting of oxides of aluminum, iron, magnesium and silicon. Due to the nature of the substance, specific molecular formula is not relevant.
- Details on test material:
- Slag from Ferronickel Converter containing Iron in the form of the element and its oxides, metalic oxides and Nickel.
Solid / dark brown to grey.
Chemical name: Slags, Ferronickel-manufg.
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- HIS- to HIS+ reversions
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- other: S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- other: histidine operon mutation
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 liver microsomal fraction
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- The test item was extracted in a polar extraction medium [0.9% NaCl Lot No: Delta-Select 251002T-1 (physiological solution)] and in a non-polar extraction medium (DMSO Lot No: Applichem 9U009953) for 72+/-2h at 37(+/-1)C at a weight/volume ratio of 0.2mg/L according to ISO 10993-3, 2003 and ISO 10993-12, 2007. After extraction, the extracts were centrifuged at room temperature for 5 minutes at 1000g.
10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of test material. - Vehicle / solvent:
- Solution 0,9% w/v NaCl or DMSO
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Negative controls (extraction medium and A.dest.) were treated in the same way as the treatment groups.
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- without metabolic activation on tester strains TA100, TA1535
- Positive control substance:
- other: NaN3, Sodium Azide
- Remarks:
- Dissolved in Aqua dest, Concentration: 10μg/plate
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- without metabolic activation on tester strains TA98, TA1537
- Positive control substance:
- other: 4-NOPD, 4-nitro-o-phenylene-diamine
- Remarks:
- Dissolved in DMSO, Concentrations: 10μm/plate for TA98, 40μg/plate for TA1537
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- without metabolic activation on tester strains TA102
- Positive control substance:
- methylmethanesulfonate
- Remarks:
- Dissolved in Aqua dest, Concentration: 1μL/plate
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- with metabolic activation on tester strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and TA102
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-AA, 2-amino-anthracene
- Remarks:
- Dissolved in DMSO, Concentrations: 2.5μg/plate, 10μg/plate for TA102
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- S typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100, TA1535, TA1537 and TA102 in nutrient broth at the late exponential or early statonary phase of growth
with or without metabolic activation (S9 substitution buffer/ S9 mix respectively)
All salmonella strains contain mutations in the histidine operon, thereby imposing a requirement for histidine in the growth medium.
The properties of the S.typhimurium strains with regard to membrane permeability, ampicillin- and tetracycline-resistance, as well as normal spontaneous mutation rates are checked regularly. In this way, it is ensured that the experimental conditions set up by Ames are fulfilled. - Evaluation criteria:
- Cytotoxicity can be detected by a clearing or rather a diminution of the background lawn or a reduction in the number of revertants down to a mutation factor of approximately <0.5 in relation to the extract medium control.
The mutation factor is calculated by dividing the mean value of the revertant counts through the mean values of the extract medium control
a test item is considered mutagenic if
-a clear and dose related increase in the number of revertants occurs
-and/or a biologically relevant positive response for at least one of the dose groups occurs - Statistics:
- According to OECD guidelines the biological relevance is the criterion for the interpretation of results and a statistical evaluation is not regarded necessary
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- other: S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- not determined
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- No toxic effects of the test item extracts were observed in any of the five tester strains used up to the highest concentrations evaluated (with and without metabolic evaluation) in experiment I and II.
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative with or without metabolic activation
In conclusion, it can be stated that during the described mutagenicity test and under the experimental conditions reported, the test item extracts did not cause gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the tester strains used. Therefore, extracts (polar and non-polar) of Slags,ferronickel manufg./Electric furnace slag/Converter slag are considered to be non-mutagenic in this bacterial reverse mutation assay. - Executive summary:
Ames test was performed on five S typhimurium strains (TA 98, TA 100, TA1535, TA1537 and TA102) with or without metabolic activation according to OECD 471. The test item was diluted either in 0.9% NaCl in water ir in DMSO to final concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%. No toxic effects were noted in all tester strains at all concentrations in experiment I (with Aqua dest) and in experiment II (with DMSO). No biologically relevant increase in revertant colonies were observed following treatment with polar or non-polar extracts of the test item at any concentration level neither in the presence or absence of metabolic activation. The reference mutagens caused an distinct increase confirming the validity of the experiment. It can be deduced that the test item is not mutagenic for bacteria under the present experimental conditions.
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