Octadecane

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods

The registered substance is a complex petroleum UVCB whose constituents have variable physicochemical properties. Therefore, a modeling framework is needed to account for the bioavailability of the constituents in the mixture, which was then used to predict the toxicity of the substance as a whole. The target lipid model (TLM) and HC5, have been applied to soils and sediment using equilibrium partitioning (EqP) model. The model used for the calculations was the PETROTOX v4.0 model. PETROTOX is a well-documented and peer reviewed model that is widely used across the chemicals industry. As such, modeled data are considered fit for purpose.

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

There is no data available for this substance. However, a weight of evidence approach is built based on available data from for structural analogues. The data is read across to this substance based on analogue read across and a discussion and report on the read across strategy is provided as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.

C15 Paraffins presented a 24-h LC50 for Epiphyas postvittana of 0.47 mL/L (i.e. 0.37 g/L).

n-Paraffin mix with a mean C number of 23 presented a 24-h LC50 for Epiphyas postvittana of 12.41 mL/L (i.e. 10.45 g/L).

C15 Paraffins presented a 24-h LC50 for Epiphyas postvittana of 3.31 mL/L (i.e. 2.6 g/L).

C15 Paraffins presented a 24-h LC50 for Epiphyas postvittana of > 50 mL/L. The adults sprayed with 50 L/L (highest dose) produced the same number of eggs and egg masses as the control. However, treatment of adults with 50 mL/L reduced the percentage of egg hatched.

C15 Paraffins presented a 14-d LC50 for Epiphyas postvittana of 0.1 mL/L (i.e. 0.08 g/L) and had no long-term effect on mortality and development of Epiphyas postvittana.

n-Paraffin mix with a mean C number of 23 presented a 14-d LC50 for Epiphyas postvittana of 0.1 mL/L (i.e. 0.08 g/L) had no long-term effect on mortality and development of Epiphyas postvittana.

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

The registered substance is a complex petroleum UVCB whose constituents have variable physicochemical properties. Therefore, a modeling framework is needed to account for the bioavailability of the constituents in the mixture, which was then used to predict the toxicity of the substance as a whole. The target lipid model (TLM) and HC5, have been applied to soils and sediment using equilibrium partitioning (EqP) model. The model used for the calculations was the PETROTOX v4.0 model. PETROTOX is a well-documented and peer reviewed model that is widely used across the chemicals industry. As such, modeled data are considered fit for purpose.

Toxicity to soil microorganisms

The registered substance is a complex petroleum UVCB whose constituents have variable physicochemical properties. Therefore, a modeling framework is needed to account for the bioavailability of the constituents in the mixture, which was then used to predict the toxicity of the substance as a whole. The target lipid model (TLM) and HC5, have been applied to soils and sediment using equilibrium partitioning (EqP) model. The model used for the calculations was the PETROTOX v4.0 model. PETROTOX is a well-documented and peer reviewed model that is widely used across the chemicals industry. As such, modeled data are considered fit for purpose.

Toxicity to birds

There is no data available for this substance. However, key data is available for structural analogues. The data is read across to this substance based on analogue read across and a discussion and report on the read across strategy is provided as an attachment inIUCLID Section 13.

C10-C19 Paraffin mix presented a 26-week NOELR for Mallard ducks of 10000 mg/kg diet. No long-term toxicity of paraffin was observed neither to adult Mallard ducks, neither to their eggs.

C10-C19 Paraffin mix presented a 7-month NOWLR for Mallard duck of 100000 mg/kg diet.

Paraffin mix (constitued of pentdecane, hexadecane, heptadecane, octadecane, nonadecane, 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane, 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane, 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane, and decahydronaphthalene, mixed in equal proportions) presented a 18-d NOELR for Mallard duck eggs of 5 µL/egg. The application of paraffin mixture on the shell of Mallard duck egg had no effect on embryo development.

Paraffin mix (constitued of pentdecane, hexadecane, heptadecane, octadecane, nonadecane, 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane, 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane, 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane, and decahydronaphthalene, mixed in equal proportions) presented a 15-d NOELR for chicken eggs of 5 µL/egg. The application of paraffin mixture on the shell of chicken eggs had no effect on embryo development.