Reaction mass of aluminium hydroxide and aluminium nitrate and aluminium sulphate

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: short-term

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions. Prolonged duration time. Limited information.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants)

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

- Method of mixing into soil: Aluminum was dissolved in the distilled water used for moistening of the soil

Test organisms (species):

Folsomia candida

Animal group:

Collembola (soil-dwelling springtail)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: springtail
- Age at test initiation (mean and range, SD): juveniles, 10 - 12 days

Study type:

laboratory study

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

35 d

Test temperature:

20 ± 1°C

pH (if soil or dung study):

5 ± 0.5

Humidity:

moistend to 50% of the water holding capacity

Photoperiod and lighting:

continuous darkness

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size): 100 mL glass jars
- Amount of soil or substrate: 32 g wet OECD soil
- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 10
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 1
- No. of replicates per control: 1


SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Composition (if artificial substrate): 70% quartz sand, 20% kaolinite, 10% peat ground
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): 50
- Pretreatment of soil: dried and sieved to 0.5 mm, pH adjusted by the addition of CaCO3

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: continuous darkness


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): growth and reproduction; measured abd counted after termination of study



TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0, 62, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 ug/g dry soil (nominal)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

15 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

500 µg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Duration:

35 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

125 µg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Duration:

35 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 210 µg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Details on results:

Apart from the lowest treatment, growth and juvenile production followed approximately a dose-related response with the addition of aluminum in OECD soil.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

LOEC, EC50 and EC20 were obtained using Toxcalc 5.0 (Tidepool Scientific Software, EPA methods)

Reference 2

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term

Data waiving:

other justification

Justification for data waiving:

other:

Additional information

No data about the registered substance reaction mass of aluminium hydroxide and aluminium nitrate and aluminium sulphate is available.

Nevertheless, aluminium is the most abundant metallic element in the Earth's crust. Based on its ubiquitous occurrence the present natural background concentration far outweighs anthropogenic contributions of aluminium to the terrestrial environment. As detailed in the endpoint summary on terrestrial toxicity in general further toxicity testing on terrestrial organisms is considered unjustified and waiving based on exposure consideration is applied.

However, for reasons of completeness existing data on the terrestrial toxicity of aluminium are provided in addition and summerised here. In a laboratory study by Crouau & Moia (2006) with the springtail Folsomia candida the toxicity of aluminium to reproduction and growth was investigated over a period of 35 days of exposure. LOECs for growth and reproduction were determined to be 500 and 125 µg/L, respectively. The EC50 for reproduction was 210 µg/L.