N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

data is from experimental reports

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2014

Report date:

2014

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The objective of the study was to assess the irritant and/or corrosive effects of the test chemical on eye, when exposed by the ocular route in rabbits

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine

EC Number:

202-805-4

EC Name:

N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine

Cas Number:

99-97-8

Molecular formula:

C9H13N

IUPAC Name:

N,N,4-trimethylaniline

Test material form:

liquid

Details on test material:

- Name of test material: Benzenamine, N,N,N-trimethyl-
- Common Name: N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine
- Molecular formula: C9H13N
- Molecular weight: 135.209 g/mol
- Smiles notation: c1(N(C)C)ccc(C)cc1
- InChl: 1S/C9H13N/c1-8-4-6-9(7-5-8)10(2)3/h4-7H,1-3H3
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: liquid
- Purity: Greater than 99%.

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Procured from LIVEON BOLABS PVT. LTD,
- Age at study initiation: 2.0 to 3.5 Months (Approximately)
- Weight at study initiation: Minimum: 1.644 kg and Maximum: 1.674 kg (Prior to Treatment)
- Housing: The animals were housed individually in stainless steel cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): All animals were provided conventional laboratory rabbit diet (Nutrivet Life Sciences, Pune) ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Aqua guard filtered tap water was provided ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 6 days (Animal No.-1) and 9 days (Animal No. 2 and 3)

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): Minimum: 19.50 °C and Maximum: 21.30 °C
- Humidity (%): Minimum: 47.90 % and Maximum: 59.70 %
- Air changes (per hr): More than 12 changes per hour
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12:12

IN-LIFE DATES: From: To:

Test system

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes, concurrent no treatment

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.1 ml
- Concentration (if solution):N/A

Duration of treatment / exposure:

1 hrs

Observation period (in vivo):

All the three treated animals were observed at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours after instillation of test item

Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):

no data available

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3 female rabbits

Details on study design:

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): washing was done with normal saline
- Time after start of exposure:N/A

SCORING SYSTEM:
Grading of irritation lesions was carried out as per draize method

TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: ophthalmoscope

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Results 1

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: within 72 hrs

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Results 2

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: within 72 hrs

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Results 3

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.67

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: within 72 hrs

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Results 4

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: within 72 hrs

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Irritant / corrosive response data:

The following were observed in treated rabbits.
Observation at 1 hour after instillation of test item revealed: Cornea- No ulceration or opacity in all the animals; Area of Opacity- Zero in all the animals; Iris: Normal in all the animals. Conjunctivae - Some blood vessels definitely hyperaemic (injected) was observed in all the animals; Chemosis: Some swelling above normal (includes nictitating membranes) was observed in all the animals.
Observation at 24 hours after instillation of test item revealed: Cornea- No ulceration or opacity in all the animals; Area of Opacity- Zero in all the animals; Iris:Normal in all the animals. Conjunctivae - Some blood vessels definitely hyperaemic (injected) was observed in all the animals; Chemosis: Some swelling above normal (includes nictitating membranes) was observed in animal no. 2 whereas no swelling (normal) in animal no. 1 and 3.
At 24 hours observation the rabbits were examined for corneal epithelium cell damage using sodium fluorescein strips and noticed 0% damage in all the animals.

Observation at 48 hours after instillation of test item revealed: Cornea- No ulceration or opacity in all the animals; Area of Opacity- Zero in all the animals; Iris:Normal in all the animals. Conjunctivae - Some blood vessels definitely hyperaemic (injected) was observed in all the animals; Chemosis: No swelling (normal)was observed in all the animals.

Observation at 72 hour after instillation of test item revealed: Cornea- No ulceration or opacity in all the animals; Area of Opacity- Zero in all the animals; Iris: Normal in all the animals. Conjunctivae - Blood vessels normal in all the animals; Chemosis: No swelling (normal) was observed in all the animals.
The individual mean score for animal nos. 1, 2 and 3 at 24, 48, 72 hours for corneal opacity, iris, conjunctiva and chemosis were found 0.00, 0.00, 0.67, 0.00; 0.00, 0.00, 0.67, 0.33 and 0.00, 0.00, 0.67, 0.00 respectively.

Other effects:

Clinical Observation
No systemic toxicity was observed in treated rabbits during the experimental period.

Mortality
No mortality was observed during the observation period.

Body weight
All rabbits were increased in body weight at termination when compared to day 0.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Individual Animal Eye Irritation Scores

 

In Treated area Dose:0.1 ml of test item (as such, undiluted)                             Sex:Female

Animal Numbers	1					2					3
Application Side	Left					Left					Left
Eye Reactions	At hour					At hour					At hour
	*	1	24	48	72	*	1	24	48	72	*	1	24	48	72
Corneal Opacity	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Area of Opacity	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iris	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Conjunctiva	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	0
Chemosis	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	11	0	0	0
Corneal Damage%	0					0					0

Key:*= Pre-exposure eye examination.

 

Dose:Untreated (Control Eye)                                                                             Sex:Female

Animal Numbers	1					2					3
Application Side	Left					Left					Left
Eye Reactions	At hour					At hour					At hour
	*	1	24	48	72	*	1	24	48	72	*	1	24	48	72
Corneal Opacity	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Area of Opacity	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iris	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Conjunctiva	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chemosis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corneal Damage%	0					0					0

Key:*= Pre-exposure eye examination.

Eye Irritation Scores - Mean Values after 24, 48, 72 Hours (Treated eye)

Animal No.  Eye Reaction	1	2	3
Corneal Opacity	0.00	0.00	0.00
Iris	0.00	0.00	0.00
Conjunctiva	0.67	0.67	0.67
Chemosis	0.00	0.33	0.00

Formula :

Mean Eye Irritation Score =

                          

Sum of the Individual Animal Score for eye reactionat24, 48 and 72 hours

Number of the Observations (3)

Individual Animal ClinicalSigns

 

Sex:Female

Animal No.	Days (Post application observation)
	0	1	2	3
1	1	1	1	1
2	1	1	1	1
3	1	1	1	1

Key:1 = Normal

Individual Animal Body Weight

Sex :Female

Animal No.	Animal Body Weight (kg)
	Prior to application	At termination
1	1.674	1.750
2	1.644	1.690
3	1.658	1.706

Key:kg = Kilogram

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

other: not irritating

Conclusions:

The individual mean score for animal nos. 1, 2 and 3 at 24, 48, 72 hours for corneal opacity, iris, conjunctiva and chemosis were found 0.00, 0.00, 0.67, 0.00; 0.00, 0.00, 0.67, 0.33 and 0.00, 0.00, 0.67, 0.00 respectively.Hence, under the experimental conditions, it was concluded that the test chemical was “Non Irritant” to New Zealand White female rabbit eyes and was being classified as Category “Not Classified as an Eye Irritant” as per CLP criteria.

Executive summary:

Acute Eye Irritation/Corrosion Study of the test chemical was performed as per OECD guideline no. 405.3 female New Zealand White Rabbits free from injury of eye were selected for the study. The eyes of all the rabbits were examined 24 hours prior to treatment. One eye of each rabbit served as control and other as treated. Control eye was left untreated whereas; 0.1 ml (as such, undiluted) of test chemical was instilled in the other (treated) eye of each rabbit. The eye was observed at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours after test chemical instillation. Ophthalmoscope was used for scoring of eye lesions. In the initial test, 0.1 ml of test chemical was applied into the conjunctival sac of the right eye of animal no.1 whereas the left eye of the rabbit served as the control. As animal no. 1 showed no severe ocular lesions a confirmatory test was conducted on additional two rabbits (animal no. 2 and 3); 0.1 ml of test chemical was instilled into the conjunctival sac of right eye of both the rabbits and left eye served as the control. Untreated eye of all the three rabbits was normal throughout the experimental period of 72 hours. All the three treated animals were observed at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours after instillation of test chemical. Grading of irritation lesions was carried out as per Draize method. Observation at 1 hour after instillation of test chemical revealed: Cornea- No ulceration or opacity in all the animals; Area of Opacity- Zero in all the animals; Iris: Normal in all the animals. Conjunctivae - Some blood vessels definitely hyperaemic (injected) was observed in all the animals; Chemosis: Some swelling above normal (includes nictitating membranes) was observed in all the animals. Observation at 24 hours after instillation of test chemical revealed: Cornea- No ulceration or opacity in all the animals; Area of Opacity- Zero in all the animals; Iris:Normal in all the animals. Conjunctivae - Some blood vessels definitely hyperaemic (injected) was observed in all the animals; Chemosis: Some swelling above normal (includes nictitating membranes) was observed in animal no. 2 whereas no swelling (normal) in animal no. 1 and 3. At 24 hours observation the rabbits were examined for corneal epithelium cell damage using sodium fluorescein strips and noticed 0% damage in all the animals. Observation at 48 hours after instillation of test chemical revealed: Cornea- No ulceration or opacity in all the animals; Area of Opacity- Zero in all the animals; Iris:Normal in all the animals. Conjunctivae - Some blood vessels definitely hyperaemic (injected) was observed in all the animals; Chemosis: No swelling (normal)was observed in all the animals. Observation at 72 hours after instillation of test chemical revealed: Cornea- No ulceration or opacity in all the animals; Area of Opacity- Zero in all the animals; Iris: Normal in all the animals. Conjunctivae - Blood vessels normal in all the animals; Chemosis: No swelling (normal) was observed in all the animals. The individual mean score for animal nos. 1, 2 and 3 at 24, 48, 72 hours for corneal opacity, iris, conjunctiva and chemosis were found 0.00, 0.00, 0.67, 0.00; 0.00, 0.00, 0.67, 0.33 and 0.00, 0.00, 0.67, 0.00 respectively. Hence, under the experimental conditions, it was concluded that the test chemical was “Non Irritant” to New Zealand White female rabbit eyes and was being classified as Category “Not Classified as an Eye Irritant” as per CLP criteria.