3-(dimethylamino)propylurea

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2003

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 305 (Bioconcentration: Flow-through Fish Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Details on sampling:

Filtration of test water with membrane filter 0.2 pm.

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation of test solutions, spiked fish food or sediment:

Measurement of weight and body length
Chopping into pieces (scissors)
Refinement (polytron, 2 min or more, on ice water)
Taking out 5 g (analytical balance)
Adding methanol 20 ml (graduated cylinder)
Homogenization (polytron, 1 min.) - Washing (methanol 3 mL, only 1 st time)
Centrifugation (7000xg, 5 min.)
Filtration (absorbent cotton) - Filling up to 50 mL (methanol, volumetric flask)
Taking out 1 mL (transfer pipet)
Filling up to 20 mL (waterc4, volumetric flask)
Filtration (membrane filter 0.2 pm)

Test organisms (species):

Cyprinus carpio

Details on test organisms:

Test fish
Species Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Supplier Sugishima fish farm
(Address : 123-2 Gunchiku Ichibancho, Yatsushiro-shi, Kumarnoto 866-0024, Japan)
Date received January 23, 2003

Conditions for fish care before acclimatization Period
The fish were checked visually at receipt and those with any abnormalities were removed. The fish were reared for 9 days in a flow-through system following an external disinfection for sick prevention and parasitic extermination.

External disinfection
The external disinfection for sick prevention was carried out in an aqueous solution containing 50 mgL OTC for fisheries (Oxytetracycline hydrochloride) and 7 g/L sodium chloride for 24 hours. The second external disinfection for parasitic extermination was carried out two times in an aqueous solution containing 30 pL/L formalin for 24 hours.

Conditions for acclimatization Period
After rearing, the fish were transferred to an acclimatizing aquarium and acclimatized there after the second external disinfection. The fish showing any abnormalities during this period were removed and the remainder of the fish were reared for 15 days in a flow-through system at the temperature of 25 * 2 "C.

The test fish were acclimatized in the well water for 61 days after the external disinfection.

External disinfection
The external disinfection in the acclimatizing aquarium was carried out in an aqueous solution containing 50 mg/L OTC for fisheries and 7 g/L sodium chloride for 24 hours. The external disinfection in the test tanks is carried out in an aqueous solution containing 20 mg/l, ELBAZIU and 7 g/L sodium chloride for 24 hours.

Route of exposure:

aqueous

Test type:

flow-through

Water / sediment media type:

natural water: freshwater

Total exposure / uptake duration:

28 d

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Details on estimation of bioconcentration:

Lipid content in test fish
Lipid contents in the sample for storage of the control test fish were determined
after chloroforrn-methanol extraction with gravimetric analysis.

Lipid content:

3.99 %

Time point:

start of exposure

Lipid content:

4.54 %

Time point:

end of exposure

Key result

Conc. / dose:

1 mg/L

Type:

BCF

Value:

>= 0.029 - <= 2.3 dimensionless

Key result

Conc. / dose:

0.1 mg/L

Type:

BCF

Value:

0.28 dimensionless

Details on results:

Because the measured concentrations of the test item in test fish were not more than minimum determination limit of test item, or containing value which were not more than minimum determination limit of test item, BCFs at a steady-state were not calculated.

Content in test fish:
The measured lipid contents in the test fish are shown as follows:
Before initiation of exposure 3.99 %
Afier termination of exposure 4.54 %

No abnormality in behavior or appearance was noted.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Bioconcentration factors
Level 1: 0.029 - 2.3 (1 mg/L)
Level 2: 0.28 (0.1 mg/L)

Executive summary:

Bioconcentration test

Test fish Carp (Cypriinus carpio)

High exposure level (Level 1) 1 mg/L

Low exposure level (Level 2) 0.1 mg/L

Duration of exposure 28 days

Exposure method Continuous flow system

Analytical method Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Results

Bioconcentration factors

Level 1: 0.029 - 2.3

Level 2: 0.28

Thc abilityof DMAPU to bioconcentratein fish was evaluated in a 28-day continuous flow system using carp. Two concentrations (0.1 and1.0mgil) were tested. The two treated groups each contained 29 fish and the control group contained 12 fish. No abnormality was noted in the appearance or behavior of the fish during the course of the test.

The BCFs were not more than 0.029 to 2.3 at the 1.0 mg/l concentration and not more than 0.28 at the 0.1 mg/L concentration.

These were calculated BCF values. DMAPAU was only detected in fish from the 1.0 mg/l concentration on Day 7, believed to be through individual variation.

Because all of the measured concentrations of the test article in the test fish were not more than the minimum determination limit of the test article at the last three successiveanalyses, BCFs at a steady state were not calculated.

However, it was determined that a steady state was reached by the 28th day because all BCFs were less than 100.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

BCF (aquatic species):

0.28 dimensionless