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This substance is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 to < 100 tonnes per annum.

This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.

This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.

Consumer Uses

This substance is used in the following products: coating products, inks and toners and polymers.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use, outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives), indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).

Article service life

Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
This substance can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles.
This substance can be found in products with material based on: metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery) and paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper).

Widespread uses by professional workers

This substance is used in the following products: inks and toners and coating products.
This substance is used in the following areas: printing and recorded media reproduction.
This substance is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles, pulp, paper and paper products and fabricated metal products.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).

Formulation or re-packing

This substance is used in the following products: inks and toners, coating products and polymers.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.

Uses at industrial sites

This substance is used in the following products: inks and toners, coating products and polymers.
This substance is used in the following areas: printing and recorded media reproduction and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment.
This substance is used for the manufacture of: pulp, paper and paper products, chemicals, wood and wood products, rubber products, plastic products, fabricated metal products and machinery and vehicles.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites and in the production of articles.

Manufacture

ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment.