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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 202-525-2 | CAS number: 96-69-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://chesar.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / bone marrow chromosome aberration
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- December 1, 1987 - March 21, 1988
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study is performed according to the applicable OECD and EPA guidelines under GLP conditions. No deviations were reported.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 988
- Report date:
- 1988
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 475 (Mammalian Bone Marrow Chromosome Aberration Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.5385 (In Vivo Mammalian Cytogenetics Tests: Bone Marrow Chromosomal Analysis)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of assay:
- chromosome aberration assay
Test material
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Santowhite R crystals
- Substance type: white powder
- Physical state: solid
- Analytical purity: unfortunately not readable on page 51 of report
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Fischer 344
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories
- Age at study initiation: 61 days
- Weight at study initiation: males: 139 - 158 g; females: 104 - 122 g.
- Assigned to test groups randomly: yes
- Fasting period before study: 18 hr.
- Housing: individually in stainless, steel cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 4 days
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: corn oil
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 6, 18, 30 hours
- Frequency of treatment:
- single dose
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 700, 1400 mg/kg bw
Basis:
actual ingested
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Positive control(s):
- cyclophosphamide;
- Route of administration: oral gavage
- Doses / concentrations: 20 mg/kg bw
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- bone marrow
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- DETAILS OF SLIDE PREPARATION:
Cells were resuspended in a small amount of freshly prepared fixative. Slides were prepared by dropping the cell suspension on precleaned methanol-wet glass slides followed by flaming. Slides were stained in 3% Giemsa in distilled water for 10 minutes, rinsed in distilled water and air dried. Slides were cleared in xylene and coverslips mounted with Permount. - Evaluation criteria:
- Cytogenetic abnormalities were classified on a standard scoring sheet according to chromosome or chromatid aberrations and further according to type of aberration. Aberrations were classified according to the nomenclature of Buckton and Evans, 1973 and Savage, 1975.
- Statistics:
- Mean number of aberrations per cell per rat (50 cells per rat) were analyzed for statistically significant increases in chromosome aberration by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Each sampling time was analyzed separately as compared to its concurrent vehicle control group. The CP group was not included in the ANOVA.
Data from this group were analyzed separately by a one-tailed t test comparing CP with the 18 hour vehicle control. The mean and standard deviation of aberrations/cell were also determined for each group of rats (500 cells; 50 cells per rat). The number of aberrant metaphases was analyzed by Chi-square analysis for statistically significant increases. Statistical significance was determined at the p<= 0.05 probability level.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- male/female
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Toxicity:
- yes
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- RESULTS OF RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Dose range: 1500 and 2075 mg/kg bw
- Clinical signs of toxicity in test animals: severe toxicity signs at 1500 mg/kg bw and mortality at 2075 mg/kg bw
RESULTS OF DEFINITIVE STUDY
- Types of structural aberrations for significant dose levels (for Cytogenetic or SCE assay): no structural chromosomal aberrations induced by testing substance
- Appropriateness of dose levels and route: all rats dosed with 1400 mg/kg exhibited mild to severe toxicity signs at all times evaluated. Thus, the tested substance was dosed near the maximum tolerated dose.
Any other information on results incl. tables
none
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): negative
Male and female Fisher 344 rats received 0, 700, 1400 mg/kg Santowhite R by oral gavage. The hemopoietic cells of the bone marrow were analyzed after 6, 18, and 30 hours. No statistically significant increases in the incidence of aberrations or in the number of cells with one or more aberrations were observed in animals treated with Santowhite crystals at 700 or 1400 mg/kg at any of the three sampling times evaluated. Therefore, under the conditions of this assay, Santowhite crystals was not clastogenic to the hemopoietic cells of the rat bone marrow.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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