Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 212-161-6 | CAS number: 766-09-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://chesar.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well documented publication which meets basic scientific principles.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Biological N-oxidation of piperidine in vitro
- Author:
- Wang DY, Gorrod JW, Beckett AH
- Year:
- 1 989
- Bibliographic source:
- Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 10, 252-256 (1989)
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- metabolism
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- In the study the biological N-oxidation of piperidine was investigated in vitro. After incubation of piperidine-HCl in a fortified rat liver microsomal preparation (9000 x g supernatant) at 37°C for 30 min, metabolites were analysed by Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) HPLC, Gas chromatography (GC)-MS and MS.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Piperidinium chloride
- EC Number:
- 228-033-8
- EC Name:
- Piperidinium chloride
- Cas Number:
- 6091-44-7
- IUPAC Name:
- piperidinium chloride
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Pip-HCL
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- no
Administration / exposure
- Details on exposure:
- VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle: 10 µmol Pip-HCl/mL water - Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- 30 min
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0.121 mg/mL
- Details on study design:
- INCUBATION
- Incubation of a microsomal preparation of the liver of male albino Wistar rats (9000 x g supernatant fractions) together with the test substance (0.5 mL of the substrate solution) was carried out in a volume of 3.5 mL at 37°C for 30 min using a shaking water bath. - Details on dosing and sampling:
- METABOLITE CHARACTERISATION STUDIES
- Extraction of metabolites: After incubation, a two step extraction of metabolites was performed using NaCl and chloroform. The chloroform extract was evaporated at 42 °C under nitrogen. The residue was dissolved in methanol. Controls and blanks were treated in the same manner.
- Time of sampling: After 30 minutes incubation
- Method type(s) for identification:
• Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was carried out on precoated silica gel; As solvents, methanol and a chloroform, methanol and acetic acid mixture were used. Primary and secondary amines were also detected by converting to dinitrophenyl (DNP) derivatives. DNP derivatives were extracted with cyclohexane.
• Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC)
• High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ,
• Gas chromatography (GC)-MS
• Mass spectrometry (MS).
Results and discussion
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- yes
- Details on metabolites:
- Piperidine hydrochloride was oxidized in a fortified rat liver microsomal preparation to N-hydroxy piperidine (N-OH-Pip) and 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-1-oxide (THPO):
After chloroform extraction, TLC and subsequent exposure to Iodide (I₂) vapour two new metabolites were detected. The products have Rf (retardation factor) values close to those of authentic N-OH-Pip and THPO. After GLC, GC-MS, HPLC and TLC both metabolites were identified.
Other known metabolites are 3-hydroxy piperidine, 4-hydroxy piperidine and Piperidone-2.
Piperidine is N-oxidized to the corresponding N-Hydroxylamine.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
![ECHA](/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/echa_logo.png)