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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 265-079-8 | CAS number: 64741-78-2 A complex combination of hydrocarbons from distillation of the products from a hydrocracking process. It consists predominantly of saturated hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C6 through C12, and boiling in the range of approximately 65°C to 230°C (148°F to 446°F).
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
There are no toxicokinetic studies of gasoline or naphthas, per se. However, assessments of gasoline constituents can be used as the basis for understanding the toxicokinetics of gasoline or naphthas as complex substances.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
There are no experimental studies of the toxicokinetics of gasoline per se, but there have been numerous toxicokinetic studies of the major gasoline constituents. The principal route of exposure for most individuals is inhalation. It has been shown that absorption of inhaled constituents increases with increasing molecular weight, with n-paraffins being more highly absorbed than iso-paraffins and aromatics being more highly absorbed than the corresponding paraffins. The low molecular weight constituents (butanes and pentanes) are poorly absorbed and predominantly exhaled unchanged. The higher molecular weight constituents are more efficiently absorbed, with metabolism, normally to the corresponding alcohols, and excretion in the urine becoming increasingly important. About 15% of the butanes and pentanes are absorbed with biological half-times measured in minutes. About 25% of the hexanes and 50% of the higher molecular weight constituents are absorbed with biological half-times ranging from approximately 3-12 hours depending on whether the assessment is based on blood or urinary levels.
Dermal contact normally contributes little to overall dose as gasoline constituents in the vapor phase are poorly absorbed percutaneously. Studies with toluene indicate that dermal absorption from vapor is approximately 1% of the amount absorbed by inhalation. When contacted as liquid, gasoline constituents are also poorly absorbed if allowed to evaporate. However, if evaporation is impeded then the fraction absorbed can be substantial. Other toxicokinetic properties of percutaneously absorbed gasoline constituents are similar to material absorbed by inhalation.
Oral ingestion also normally contributes little to overall dose as gasoline is not intended for consumption. However, most of the constituents are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. An assumption of 100% bioavailability of ingested material is reasonable.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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