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EC number: 202-941-4 | CAS number: 101-42-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Various consistent weight-of-evidence and supporting literature data are available for oral acute toxicity in rats, mice, guinea pigs and rabbits. The lowest oral LD50of Fenuron was 3200 mg/kg in guinea pigs. Central nervous system changes, functional disorders of the hematopoietic system and the adrenal cortex were observed. A key inhalation acute toxicity study with Fenuron (mass median aerodynamic diameter = 1.595 µm) in rats resulted in a LC50 value > 5.06 mg /L air/4 hours (nose-only). Clinical observations revealed slight dyspnea immediately until 3 hours after end of exposure. A dermal acute toxicity study was waived because inhalation of the substance is likely and oral acute toxicity data are available, therefore the study is scientifically not necessary.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: the methodological guidelines for the toxicological and hygienic study of harmful substances
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Species:
- other: guinea pigs and white rats
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Remarks:
- guinea pig
- Effect level:
- 3 200 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Remarks:
- white rats
- Effect level:
- 7 550 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- Fenuron LD50 in guinea pigs was 3200 mg/kg.
Fenuron LD50 in white rats was 7550 mg/kg. - Executive summary:
Experimental and toxicological studies were performed on 508 laboratory animals (white mice and rats, guinea pigs and rabbits) in compliance with the methodological guidelines for the toxicological and hygienic study of harmful substances. The LD50 of Fenuron fluctuates between 3200 mg/kg (in guinea pigs) to 7550 mg/kg (in white rats). Thus, the substance is low-toxic for laboratory animals. For a single oral administration, the threshold dose of Fenuron is 300 mg/kg, and the sub-threshold dose is 100 mg/kg (according to red blood indices and the activity of protein SH-groups).The acute toxicity zone is 10.7.
Acute poisoning in laboratory animals is characterized by inhibition of the central nervous system (ataxia, movement coordination disorders, and loss of movement), and functional disorders of the hematopoietic system and the adrenal cortex.
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: the methodological guidelines for the toxicological and hygienic study of harmful substances
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- other: guinea pigs and white rats
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Remarks:
- guinea pig
- Effect level:
- 3 200 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Remarks:
- white rats
- Effect level:
- 7 550 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- Fenuron LD50 in guinea pigs was 3200 mg/kg.
Fenuron LD50 in white rats was 7550 mg/kg. - Executive summary:
Experimental and toxicological studies were performed on 508 laboratory animals (white mice and rats, guinea pigs and rabbits) in compliance with the methodological guidelines for the toxicological and hygienic study of harmful substances. The LD50 of Fenuron fluctuates between 3200 mg/kg (in guinea pigs) to 7550 mg/kg (in white rats). Thus, the substance is low-toxic for laboratory animals. For a single oral administration, the threshold dose of Fenuron is 300 mg/kg, and the sub-threshold dose is 100 mg/kg (according to red blood indices and the activity of protein SH-groups).The acute toxicity zone is 10.7.
Acute poisoning in laboratory animals is characterized by inhibition of the central nervous system (ataxia, movement coordination disorders, and loss of movement), and functional disorders of the hematopoietic system and the adrenal cortex.
Referenceopen allclose all
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 3 200 mg/kg bw
- Quality of whole database:
- Consistent results in various literature sources
Acute toxicity: via inhalation route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2017-2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Version / remarks:
- Traditional Protocol adopted September 7, 2009
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.2 (Acute Toxicity (Inhalation))
- Version / remarks:
- Regulation (EU) No. 260/2014 of January 24, 2014 amending Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Test type:
- acute toxic class method
- Limit test:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: Isochem Kautschuk GmbH, Batch no. 0010416
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: April 2019
- Purity test date: 5 october 2017
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material : at room temperature (+10°C to +25°C) in a tightly closed container in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place, avoiding exposure to sunlight and moisture
OTHER SPECIFICS: IsoQure UR 300 - Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: CD / Crl:CD(SD)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Research Models and Services, Germany GmbH, Sandhofer Weg 7, 97633 Sulzfeld, Germany
- Age at study initiation:
Males:approx. 8 weeks
Females:approx. 10 weeks
- Weight at study initiation:
Males:276 - 290 g
Females:230 - 250 g
-Housing: Granulated textured wood (Granulat A2, J. Brandenburg, 49424 Goldenstedt, Germany) was used as bedding material for the cages. The cages were changed and cleaned twice a week. During the 14-day observation period the animals were kept singly in MAKROLON cages (type III plus).
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Commercial diet, ssniff® R/M-H V1534 served as food. Feeding was discontinued approximately 16 hours before administration.
- Water: tap water ad libitum. Drinking water is examined according to the 'Deutsche Trinkwasserverordnung 2001' [German Regulations on drinking water 2001] by the Hamburger Wasserwerke, 20539 Hamburg, Germany, at least four times a year.
- Acclimation period: at least 5 adaptation days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): room temperature of 22°C ± 3°C
- Humidity (%): 55% ± 10%
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours each
IN-LIFE DATES:
From: Start of experimental phase: December 08, 2017
To: Termination of the in-life phase: January 29, 2018 - Route of administration:
- inhalation: dust
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- nose only
- Vehicle:
- air
- Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD):
- 1.595 µm
- Geometric standard deviation (GSD):
- 2.09
- Remark on MMAD/GSD:
- The mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was estimated by means of non-linear regression analysis. The 10.6 µm particle size range and the filter
(particle size range < 0.55 µm) were not included in the determination of the MMAD in order not to give undue weight to these values.
The Geometric Standard Deviation (GSD) of the MMAD was calculated from the quotient of the 84.1%- and the 50%-mass fractions, both obtained from the above mentioned non-linear regression analysis. - Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: dynamic inhalation apparatus (RHEMA-LABORTECHNIK, 65719 Hofheim/Taunus, Germany) with cylindrical exposure chamber.
- Exposure chamber volume: 28.5 L
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: in pyrex tubes at the edge of the chamber in a radial position.
- Source and rate of air: compressed air (5.0 bar) from a compressor.
- Method of conditioning air: at the bottom of the exposure chamber, the air was sucked off at a lower rate than created by the dust generator in order to produce a homogenous distribution and a positive pressure in the exposure chamber (inflow 900 L/h, outflow 800 L/h). A manometer and an air-flow meter were used to control the constant supply of compressed air and the exhaust, respectively. Flow rates were checked hourly and corrected if necessary.
The oxygen content in the inhalation chamber was 21% v/v. It was determined at the beginning and at the end of the exposure with a DRÄGER Oxygen-analysis test set.
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: the dust of the test material was generated with a rotating brush dust generator
- Method of particle size determination: the impactor is a device that classifies particles present in a sample of air or gas into known size ranges. It does this by drawing the air sample through a cascade of progressively finer nozzles. The air jets from these nozzles impact on pre-weighed plane sampling surfaces (slides). Each stage represents an aerodynamic size range and collects finer particles than its predecessor. Each successive stage represents a special aerodynamic cut off diameter. The aerosol from the exposure chamber was drawn through the cascade impactor for 1 minute at a constant flow rate of 5 L/min. The slides were removed from the impactor and weighed on an analytical balance.
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: the temperature (22°C ± 3°C) and humidity was checked and noted once every hour during the exposure period of the experiment.
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: gravimetrically
- Samples taken from breathing zone: analysis of the dust concentration in the inhalation chamber was measured 4 times gravimetrically with an air sample filter (Minisart SM 17598; 0.45 µm) and pump (Vacuubrand, MZ 2C ) controlled by a rotameter. Dust samples were taken once every hour during the exposure. For that purpose, a probe was placed close to the animals' noses in the inhalation chamber and air was sucked through the air sample filter at a constant flow of air of 5 L/min for 1 minute. The filters were weighed before and after sampling on an analytical balance (accuracy 0.1 mg).
- Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- 4 h
- Concentrations:
- 5.06 mg/L air (actual concentration)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 3
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: careful clinical examination at least once daily until all symptoms subsided; individual body weights of animals were
determined 1 day before administration (acclimatization period), on test day 1 prior to exposure and on test days 2, 4, 8, and 15.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight, organ weights (lungs) - Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 5.06 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- 99.0% analytical purity
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Mortality:
- No animal died
- Clinical signs:
- other: Slight dyspnoea immediately until 3 hours after end of exposure.
- Body weight:
- No influence on body weight gain was observed.
- Gross pathology:
- No pathological findings were noted at necropsy
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- Under the present test conditions, the LC50 value for rats following inhalation of IsoQure UR 300 for 4 hours was determined as follows (actual concentration, mean aerosol concentration): LC50 males and females combined (14 days): > 5.06 mg IsoQure UR 300/L air/4 hours (actual concentration).
- Executive summary:
The aim of the present study was to assess the acute inhalation toxicity of the test item IsoQure UR 300 when administered to rats for a single 4-hour period. Rats were exposed to IsoQure UR 300 at an actual concentration of 5.06 mg IsoQure UR 300/L air for 4 hours by inhalation using a dynamic nose-only exposure chamber. In the inhalation chamber, close to the animals' noses, the generated dust had a mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 1.595 µm as determined with a cascade impactor. The Geometric Standard Deviation (GSD) of the MMAD was calculated as 2.09. A 4-hour exposure to IsoQure UR 300 at the concentration of 5.06 mg/L air revealed slight dyspnea immediately until 3 hours after end of exposure. No animal died prematurely. No influence on body weight gain was observed. No pathological findings were noted at necropsy. LC50 value for males and females combined (14 days): > 5.06 mg IsoQure UR 300/L air/4 hours.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Value:
- 5 060 mg/m³ air
- Quality of whole database:
- Reliable
Acute toxicity: via dermal route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Acute oral toxicity
Sufficient weight-of-evidence and supporting data were available in literature for oral acute toxicity in various laboratory animals (mice, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits) in compliance with the methodological guidelines. The oral LD50 of Fenuron was published to be between 3200 mg/kg in guinea pigs to 7550 mg/kg in white rats. Acute poisoning in laboratory animals is characterized by inhibition of the central nervous system (ataxia, movement coordination disorders, and loss of movement), and functional disorders of the hematopoietic system and the adrenal cortex (Perelygin et al., 1975; Vronchinskii et al., 1974). Supporting information from secondary sources provided oral LD50 values in rabbits and mice = 4700 mg/kg bw and in rats = 6400 mg/kg bw (Toxnet).Thus, the substance is low toxicity for laboratory animals.
Acute inhalation toxicity
A key inhalation acute toxicity study was performed with Fenuron in rats exposed at an actual concentration of 5.06 mg/L air for 4 hours by inhalation using a dynamic nose-only exposure chamber (Haferkorn, 2018). In the inhalation chamber, close to the animals' noses, the generated dust had a mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 1.595 µm as determined with a cascade impactor. Clinical observations revealed slight dyspnea immediately until 3 hours after end of exposure. No animal died prematurely. No influence on body weight gain was observed. No pathological findings were noted at necropsy. LC50value for males and females combined (14 days) was > 5.06 mg/L air/4 hours.
Acute dermal toxicity
A dermal acute toxicity study was waived because inhalation of the substance is likely and oral acute toxicity data are available, therefore the study is scientifically not necessary.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on these results and according to CLP (No. 1272/2008 of 16 December 2008), Fenuron does not have to be classified and has no obligatory labelling requirement for oral and inhalation toxicity.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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