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EC number: 847-893-0 | CAS number: 1364602-80-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Mar 27 - 17 June, 2020
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted on March 23, 2006; Annex 5 corrected: July 28, 2011
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Version / remarks:
- Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/266 of 7 December 2015 amending, for the purpose of its adaptation to technical progress, Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- PREPARATION OF THE TEST MATERIAL
A stock preparation with a test item concentration of 100 mg/L was freshly prepared. For that purpose, the test item was weighed in a calibrated flask and vehicle was added. The preparation was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 24 hours. Then the formulation was passed through a filter membrane (pore size: 0.2 µm). The filtrate was used for the study. The pH value was not adjusted. - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Remarks:
- The test item concentration in the reconstituted water was not quantified at the start and the end of this study. Because of the low water solubility (1.671 x 10-11 mg/L) the compound cannot be detected with standard analytical methods.
- Details on sampling:
- The test item concentration in the reconstituted water was not quantified at the start and the end of this study. Because of the low water solubility (1.671 x 10-11 mg/L), the compound cannot be detected with standard analytical methods and the development of an analytical method with a sufficiently low detection and quantification limit is complex.
Due to the absence of any adverse effects at the saturation concentration, the study was performed without analytical concentration verification. - Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- Vehicle:
Nutrient (mg/L)
NH4Cl 15.0
MgCl2 * 6H2O 12.0
CaCl2 * 2H2O 18.0
MgSO4 * 7H2O 15.0
KH2PO4 1.60
FeCl3 * 6H2O 0.0640
Na2EDTA * 2H2O 0.100
H3BO3 0.185
MnCl2 * 4H2O 0.415
ZnCl2 0.00300
CoCl2 * 6H2O 0.00150
CuCl2 * 2H2O 0.00001
Na2MoO4 * 2H2O 0.00700
NaHCO3 50.0
- pH: 7.9-8.6
- Total hardness: 24 mg/L as CaCO3 (calculated)
Preparation of the Test Item:
The test medium (reconstituted water and test item) was freshly prepared.
Therefore, the calibrated flask with test medium was treated in an ultrasonic device for 1 hour. Subsequently, the preparation was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for further 23 hours. Afterwards, the formulation was passed through a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.2 µm. The filtrate was used for the study. - Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Unicellular green algae
- Strain: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, strain 61.81 SAG was obtained from „Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universität Göttingen“, Germany.
- Method of cultivation:The permanent algae cultures, the pre-culture and the algae cultures of the study were cultivated in an air-conditioned room with a water temperature of 21.0 – 24.0°C, controlled at
± 2°C. For cultivation, 300 mL Erlenmeyer flasks filled with 100 mL algae suspension were covered with air permeable stoppers (Heinz Herenz Medizinalbedarf GmbH, Hamburg, Germany). The cultures were shaken continuously at about 120 rpm (Universalschüttler SM25, Edmund Bühler GmbH, Hechingen, Germany) and lit between 4440 and 8880 Lux. Fluorescent tubes (Lumilux T5 nws FLH1 HO 80W/840, Osram GmbH, München, Germany) installed above the flasks served for lighting.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 72h
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): same as test
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: no - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- -
- Hardness:
- 24 mg/L as CaCO3 (calculated)
- Test temperature:
- 22.5 to 23.3°C
- pH:
- 7.92 to 9.28
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 100.0 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 300 mL Erlenmeyer glas flasks filled with 100 mL cell suspension
- Aeration: no
- Initial cells density: 10 000 cells per ml
- Control end cells density: 1 915 213 cells per ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water according to OECD TG 201
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Light intensity and quality: The mean light intensities were 7672 Lux ± 1.9% and 7803 Lux ± 2.4% prior to and at the end of the exposure period, respectively.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: electronic particle counter
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Nominal test concentration: 100 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Remarks:
- The accuracy and reliability of the test method is demonstrated periodically as recommended by OECD Guideline No. 201 and the Council Regulation (EC) No. 761/2009. Therefore, potassium dichromate (Art. 104864) was tested as positive control.
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC20
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC20
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: > 0.067 mg/L (WS)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: > 0.0000001448 mg/L
- Details on results:
- No significant effect on growth of the algae was observed at a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L, i.e. up to the maximum water solubility.
The EC values exceeded the water solubility of >1.671 x 10-11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study.
- Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no
- Unusual cell shape: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The accuracy and reliability of the test method is demonstrated periodically as recommended by OECD Guideline No. 201 and the Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/266. Therefore, potassium dichromate was tested as positive control.
Study design:
The study comprised of one control group with six replicates and five test item groups with three replicates each. The test item concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 mg/L were dissolved in 100 mL reconstituted water. The initial algae cell density in each replicate was 10 000 cells per mL. The growth of the algae was determined over an exposure period of 72 hours and compared with the growth of the control group.
Results:
The test item Art. 104864 (Potassium dichromate) showed 72h EC50 of 0.83 mg/L for growth rate and 0.28 mg/L for yield. The EC50 for growth rate and yield obtained in this study are in the range of ± two standard deviation of the current historical means.
Therefore, this study confirms the sensitivity and reliability of the test system used in the test facility. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the present study, an aqueous solution of nominal 100 mg/L of the test item revealed no toxicity to algae.
The 72h EC50 for growth rate and yield were > 1.671x10^-11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study. - Executive summary:
This study was performed according to GLP and the methods applied are fully compliant with OECD TG 201. Under the conditions of the present study, an aqueous solution of nominal 100 mg/L of the test item revealed no toxicity to algae.The 72h EC50 for growth rate and yield were > 1.671x10 -11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study.
Reference
Objective
The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of the test item on growth rate and yield of the unicellular green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata.
Study Design
The study comprised of one control group and one test item group with six replicates each. A nominal test item concentration of 100 mg/L was prepared in 100 mL reconstituted water. The initial algae cell density in each replicate was 10 000 cells per mL. The growth of the algae was determined over an exposure period of 72 hours and compared with the growth of the control group.
Results
The test item concentration in the reconstituted water was not quantified at the start and the end of this study. Because of the low water solubility (1.671x10 -11 mg/L), the test item cannot be detected with standard analytical methods and the development of an analytical method with a sufficiently low detection and quantification limit is complex.
Due to the absence of any adverse effects at the saturation concentration, the study was performed without analytical concentration verification.
No significant effect on growth rate and yield of the algae were observed at a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L, i.e. up to the maximum water solubility.
The following EC values (Growth rate and Yield) were determined:
Parameter (0 -72h) | Growth Rate | Yield |
EC10 [mg/L] 95% confidence interval |
> 1.671 x 10 -11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d. |
> 1.671x10 -11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d. |
EC20 [mg/L] 95% confidence interval |
> 1.671x10 -11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d. |
> 1.671x10 -11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d. |
EC50 [mg/L] 95% confidence interval |
> 1.671x10 -11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d. |
> 1.671x10 -11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) n.d. |
Conclusion
Under the conditions of the present study, an aqueous solution of nominal 100 mg/L of the test item revealed no toxicity to algae.The 72h EC50 for growth rate and yield were >1 .671x10 -11 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L) and, thus, could not be determined in this study.
Description of key information
No adverse effects on algae were observed up to the limit of water solubility. Thus, the 72 -h EC50 value and 72 -h EC10 value are greater than 1.671x10 -11 mg/L which corresponds to a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L.
OECD 201: EC50 (72 h) > 100 mg/L (nominal), EC10 (72 h) > 100 mg/L (1.671x10 -11 mg/L (water solubility))
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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