2-butenoic anhydride

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1996-01-19 to 1996-01-21

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1997

Report date:

1997

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

trans-crotonic acid

EC Number:

203-533-9

EC Name:

trans-crotonic acid

Cas Number:

107-93-7

Molecular formula:

C4H6O2

IUPAC Name:

(E)-2-Butenoic acid

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: 4049692

Sampling and analysis

Details on sampling:

- sampling time: 0 hour (test initiation) and at 48 hours (test termination)
- Sampling method:Each exposure solution sample was collected from the approximate midpoint of the test vessel by volumetric pipet.

Test solutions

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method:
Stock solution:
400 mg/mL stock solution: 20.02 g of test substance with methanol (CAS 67-56-1) to volume in a 50-mL volumetric flask.
0.32 mL/mL solvent stock solution: diluting 16 mL of methanol with distilled water to a volume of 50 mL in a volumetric flask.
Test system:
A 50-mL Hamilton® gas tight syringe

- vehicle: methanol
- Controls: diluted water

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Source:cultures maintained at Springborn.
- Age at study initiation: < 24 hours old
- Food type: Unicellular green algae, Ankistrodesmus falcatus
- Amount: 2.0 mL
- Frequency: Once daily, Daphnids were not fed during the 48-hour exposure

Study design

Test type:

other: continuous-flow

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

160-170 mg/L CaC03

Test temperature:

20-21°C

pH:

5.4-8.2

Dissolved oxygen:

7.7-8.7 mg/L

Salinity:

Total Alkalinity: 86-110 mg/L CaCO3

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentration: 13, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L
Exposed concentration: 18, 35, 59, 110 and 200 mg/L.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 14
- Type: closed
- Aeration: continuously aerated
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (diluted water): 2
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 2

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Total organic carbon: 0.96 mg/L
- Metals: no toxic concentration
- Pesticides: no toxic concentration
- Alkalinity: 110 mg/L (CaCO3)


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS

- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness
- Light intensity: 45 to 80 footcandles

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

150 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 2

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

110 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

Following 24 hours of exposure, 100% immobilization was observed among daphnids exposed to the highest concentration tested, 200 mg/L. Following 48 hours of exposure, no immobilization was observed among daphnids exposed to the remaining treatment levels tested, 18, 35, 59 and 110 mg/L. During the same period, 5 and 0% immobilization was observed among daphnids exposed to the control and solvent control, respectively. No sublethal effects (e.g., lethargy) were observed among daphnids exposed to the concentration range tested or the controls.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the present acute toxicity study to aquatic invertebrates (Daphnia magna) with Crotonic acid after an exposure time of 48h a EC50 of 150 mg/L and a NOEC of 110 mg/L was determined.