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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 253-021-4 | CAS number: 36411-52-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://chesar.echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 27 November 2017 - 17 January 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-hydroxy-N-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylbenzamide
- EC Number:
- 253-021-4
- EC Name:
- 2-hydroxy-N-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylbenzamide
- Cas Number:
- 36411-52-6
- Molecular formula:
- C9H8N4O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-hydroxy-N-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylbenzamide
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- Batch:102Z5
Purity: 99.9%
white powder
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 50mg/L (100% saturated solution v/v)
Samples were taken from the control and the 100% v/v saturated solution test group from the bulk test preparation at 0 hours and from the pooled replicates at 48 hours for quantitative analysis. All samples were stored frozen prior to analysis. Duplicate samples were taken at 0 and 48 hours and stored frozen for further analysis if necessary.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Reconstituted water (Elendt M7 medium)
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
The water solubility of the test item was found to be less than 0.1 g/L. Preliminary solubility work conducted indicated that it was not possible to obtain a testable solution of the test item using traditional methods of preparation e.g. ultrasonication and high shear mixing. Based on this information the test item was categorized as being a ‘difficult substance’ as defined by the OECD Guidance Document on Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Difficult Substances and Mixtures (OECD 2000).
The results obtained from the preliminary media preparation trial conducted indicated that a dissolved test item concentration of approximately 3.4 mg/L could be obtained using a saturated solution method of preparation.
The test concentration to be used in the definitive test was determined by a preliminary range-finding test.
In the range-finding test Daphnia magna were exposed to a series of nominal test concentrations of 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100% v/v saturated solution.
A nominal amount of test item (550 mg) was dispersed in 11 liters of test water with the aid of propeller stirring at approximately 1500 rpm for 24 hours. After 24 hours the stirring was stopped and any undissolved test item was removed by filtration through a 0.2 μm Sartorius Sartopore filter (first approximate 2 liters discarded in order to pre-condition the filter) to give a 100% v/v saturated solution. A series of dilutions was made from this saturated solution to give further test concentrations of 0.10, 1.0 and 10% v/v saturated solution.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Justification for species other than prescribed by test guideline: guideline
- Source: in house cultures
- Feeding during test: algal suspension (Desmodesmus subspicatus) and Tetramin® flake food suspension
- Frequency: daily
ACCLIMATION
Adult daphnids were maintained in 150 mL glass beakers containing 100 mL Elendt M7 medium in a temperature controlled room maintaining the water temperature at 18 to 22 °C. The lighting cycle was controlled to give a 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness cycle with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- other: Reconstituted water (Elendt M7 medium)
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- not specified
- Test temperature:
- 20 to 23 °C throughout the test
- pH:
- 7.8 - 8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.9 - 9.2
- Salinity:
- not specified
- Conductivity:
- not specified
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- measured: 18mg/L at 0 hours, 22mg/L at 48 hours
nominal: 20mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
150 mL glass jars containing approximately 100 mL of test preparation were used. At the start of the test five daphnids were placed in each test and control vessel at random, in the test preparations. Four replicate test and control vessels were prepared. The test vessels were then covered to reduce evaporation and maintained in a temperature controlled room maintaining the water temperature at 18 to 22 °C with a maximum deviation of ±1 °C with a photoperiod of 16 hours light (between 200 and 1200 Lux) and 8 hours darkness with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods. The daphnids were not individually identified, received no food during exposure and the test vessels were not aerated.
The control group was maintained under identical conditions but not exposed to the test item.
The test preparations were not renewed during the exposure period.
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100% v/v saturated solution
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities:
The geometric mean measured test concentration was determined to be 20 mg/L. There was no immobilization in 20 daphnids exposed to a test concentration of 20 mg/L for a period of 48 hours.
The NOEC after 24 and 48 hours exposure was 20 mg/L. No sub-lethal effects of exposure were observed throughout the test.
The test was considered to be valid given that none of the control daphnids showed immobilization or other signs of disease or stress and that the oxygen concentration at the end of the test was equal to or greater than 3 mg/L in the control and test vessels. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid?
yes
- EC50: 0.79 mg/L at 24 hours, and 0.75 mg/L at 48 hours - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The acute toxicity of the test item to the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna has been investigated and based on the geometric mean measured test concentration gave a 48 hour EC50 value of greater than 20 mg/L. The NOEC was 20 mg/L.
This study showed that there were no toxic effects at saturation.
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