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EC number: 272-745-1 | CAS number: 68910-55-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- fish early-life stage toxicity
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 15 Feb 2019 - 03 Jun 2019
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- No analytical verification of the test substance has been performed.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 210 (Fish, Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2013
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Analytical measurement methods of the chemical active ingredient cannot be performed by any modern analytical method
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Remarks:
- The chemical active ingredient cannot be analyzed by any modern analytical methods based on information from the sponsor.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Limit water soluble fraction stock solution was prepared daily by dissolving 0.10 g of test substance in 100 mL of dilution water and mixing for approximately 23 hours, then allowing it to settle for 1 hour; dosing solution of 12 mg/L was prepared daily by combining 48 mL of the stock solution with 3952 mL of dilution water.
- Controls: dilution water only - Test organisms (species):
- Pimephales promelas
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: fathead minnow
- Source: STILLMEADOW, Inc.
POST-HATCH FEEDING
Newly hatched: Artemia nauplii: 1) minimally within 2 days of hatching and 2) ad libitum at least twice daily with minimal surplus after 90% of eggs have hatched
Juveniles: 48 hour-old Artemia nauplii and flake food ad libitum at least twice daily with minimal surplus. - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
- Hardness:
- 80 - 100 mg/L (as CaCO3)
- Test temperature:
- 25 °C
- pH:
- 7.4 - 8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 60 - 99%
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test concentrations: 0 (control), 12 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 1 L glass beaker
- Headspace: 100 mL, fill volume: 900 mL
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Solutions were renewed daily by siphoning old solutions out of the test containers and replacing them with new test solutions; larva remained in the containers along with approximately 20% of the old test solution.
- No. of fertilized eggs/embryos per vessel: 25
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: max. 5.0 g fish/L loading
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: moderately hard synthetic freshwater
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, temperature (daily)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16/8 h light/dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mortality (daily), wet weight and individual total lengths (test end)
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Nominal test concentrations: 1.0, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: NOECmortality (96 h): > 1000 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 12 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: egg hatching success, weight
- Duration:
- 27 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 12 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks:
- Final survival based on Day 27 counts as there were two fish lost (one from each group) on Day 28 due to technician error.
- Details on results:
- - Other biological observations: no abnormal observations during the larval phase of testing.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: test substance adhering to the eggs at tested concentration of 12 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- For survival, an unpaired t-test was conducted. For length and weights, an unpaired t-test with transformed data was conducted. For the number of hatched eggs and the percent of hatched eggs, an ANOVA was conducted. Analysis was conducted using GraphPad InStat version 3.06 for Windows 95, GraphPad Software, San Diego California USA.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- For further details please refer to “Any other information on results incl. tables”.
Reference
Table 1: Validity criteria for OECD 210.
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
The dissolved oxygen concentration should be >60% of the air saturation value throughout the test. |
> 60% |
yes |
The water temperature should not differ by more than ± 1.5 °C between test chambers or between successive days at any time during the test, and should be within the temperature ranges specified for the test species (Annex 2). |
25°C throughout the test | yes |
The analytical measure of the test concentrations is compulsory. |
Mesurement not possible |
not applicable |
Overall survival of fertilised eggs and post-hatch success in the controls and, where relevant, in the solvent controls should be greater than or equal to the limits defined in Annex 2. |
Hatching success > 70% Post-hatch success > 75% |
yes |
Table 2: egg hatching summary
Replicate |
Beginning number of Eggs |
Number Hatched |
||||
Hours |
||||||
Control |
0 Hour |
24 |
48 |
72 |
96 |
120 |
A |
25 |
3 |
6 |
16 |
24 |
25 |
B |
25 |
1 |
7 |
15 |
20 |
18 |
C |
25 |
1 |
6 |
14 |
22 |
25 |
D |
25 |
2 |
4 |
10 |
18 |
18 |
Total |
100 |
|
|
|
|
86 |
12 mg/L |
|
|
|
|
|
|
A |
25 |
2 |
9 |
16 |
25 |
24 |
B |
25 |
0 |
3 |
7 |
10 |
9 |
C |
25 |
4 |
10 |
17 |
18 |
18 |
D |
25 |
0 |
2 |
8 |
18 |
19 |
Total |
100 |
|
|
|
|
70 |
Table 3: Limit test mortality results
Total Number of Surviving Juveniles for All Replicates |
||||||||
|
Day 0 a |
Day 1 |
Day 2 |
Day 3 |
Day 4 |
Day 5 |
Day 6 |
Day 7 |
Control |
86 |
83 |
83 |
81 |
81 |
80 |
78 |
78 |
12 mg/L |
70 |
70 |
69 |
67 |
67 |
67 |
67 |
65 |
|
Day 8 |
Day 9 |
Day 10 |
Day 11 |
Day 12 |
Day 13 |
Day 14 |
Day 15 |
Control |
78 |
75 |
74 |
74 |
74 |
74 |
74 |
74 |
12 mg/L |
65 |
65 |
65 |
65 |
65 |
65 |
65 |
64 |
|
Day 16 |
Day 17 |
Day 18 |
Day 19 |
Day 20 |
Day 21 |
Day 22 |
Day 23 |
Control |
74 |
74 |
74 |
72 |
72 |
72 |
72 |
72 |
12 mg/L |
64 |
64 |
64 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
|
Day 24 |
Day 25 |
Day 26 |
Day 27 |
Day 28 |
Final Survival (%) b |
||
Control |
71 |
71 |
71 |
71 |
70 |
|
82.6% |
|
12 mg/L |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
62 |
|
90.0% |
|
a: Beginning number of juveniles from the egg hatching phase.
b: Final survival based on Day 27 counts as there were two fish lost (one from each group) on Day 28 due to technician error.
Table 4: Final measurement summary
Group/Replicate |
Wet Weight (g) |
Length(cm) |
Group/Replicate |
Wet Weight (g) |
Length (cm) |
Control |
|
|
12mg/L |
|
|
A |
0.0871 |
1.5 |
A |
0.1094 |
1.7 |
B |
0.0801 |
1.6 |
B |
0.2294 |
2.6 |
C |
0.0690 |
1.7 |
C |
0.0948 |
1.9 |
D |
0.0941 |
1.8 |
D |
0.0971 |
1.9 |
Mean |
0.0826 |
1.6 |
Mean |
0.1327 |
2.0 |
SD |
0.0107 |
0.1 |
SD |
0.0648 |
0.4 |
SE |
0.0053 |
0.1 |
SE |
0.0324 |
0.2 |
Test results of the additional test: The additional control
resulted in a hatching success of 87%. The filtered and unfiltered
hatching success rates were 69% and 61%, respectively. In the unfiltered
trial, some test material was stuck to the eggs and some fish that were
found dead were either hatched or half-hatched. In the filtered trial,
no test material was stuck to the eggs but in replicate B, some eggs
were dead that were half-hatched out.
Table 5: Additional egg trial results on hatching success
Replicate |
Beginning number ofEggs |
|
NumberHatched |
|||
|
|
Hours |
|
|||
Control |
0 Hour |
24 |
48 |
72 |
96 |
120 |
A |
25 |
0 |
4 |
6 |
21 |
23 |
B |
25 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
17 |
22 |
C |
25 |
0 |
1 |
9 |
19 |
18 |
D |
25 |
0 |
0 |
12 |
20 |
24 |
Total |
100 |
|
|
|
|
87 |
12 mg/L - Filtered |
||||||
A |
25 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
19 |
21 |
B |
25 |
0 |
4 |
7 |
11 |
8 |
C |
25 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
17 |
17 |
D |
25 |
0 |
2 |
21 |
23 |
23 |
Total |
100 |
|
|
|
|
69 |
12 mg/L - Unfiltered |
||||||
A |
25 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
19 |
18 |
B |
25 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
14 |
13 |
C |
25 |
0 |
5 |
2 |
17 |
17 |
D |
25 |
0 |
2 |
5 |
15 |
13 |
Total |
100 |
|
|
|
|
61 |
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
One experimental GLP study is available testing the long-term toxicity of the test substance towards fish. This 28-day limit test was conducted with the frehwater species Pimephales promelas in a semi-static system according to OECD 210. Four replicates of 25 eggs each were exposed to the limit test substance concentration of 12 mg/L and moderately hard synthetic freshwater only (negative control), respectively. After hatching, the surviving juveniles were observed daily. Furthermore, three additional egg trials were conducted in parallell since it was observed that test substance adhered to the eggs. An additional control, a test group with filtered test substance (12 mg/L) and a test group with unfiltered test substance (12 mg/L) were tested to check if test material was sticking to the eggs and if hatching success or larval survival were negatively affected by the test substance.
For the control and test group (at 12 mg/L) in the main test, the hatching success was 86.0% and 71.0%, respectively and the percent of juvenile survival was 82.6% and 90.0%, respectively.
In the unfiltered trial of the additional test, some test material was stuck to the eggs. In the filtered trial, no test material was stuck to the eggs but in one replicate, some eggs were dead that were half-hatched out. The additional control resulted in a hatching success of 87%. The filtered and unfiltered hatching success rates were 69% and 61%, respectively.
There was no statistically significant differences for egg hatching success, juvenile survival, or final weights between the control and test groups in the main test. Furthermore, no significant difference in the mean hatching success from any group (test group, filtered group, unfiltered group and additional control group) compared to the original control was detected. Therefore, the NOELR for hatching success, juvenile success, and growth (as weight gain) was ≥
12 mg/L (nominal).
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