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EC number: 629-661-9 | CAS number: 83834-59-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- GLP guideline study with acceptable restrictions. Restriction: documentation describes clearly methodology and results on the vapour phase, but is less clear regarding particles. Due to the low volatility of 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, particle analysis is most important. Though not easy to find, particle results are contained in the report, which is considered to be valid.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 993
- Report date:
- 1993
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate
- EC Number:
- 226-775-7
- EC Name:
- 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate
- Cas Number:
- 83834-59-7
- Molecular formula:
- C18H26O3
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, 2-ethylhexyl ester, (2E)-
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): HR 92/660 523 (Neo Heliopan, Typ AV)
- Purity: 99.2%
- Lot/batch No.: 2040059
- Expiration date of the lot/batch:
- Stability under test conditions: given; descrbed in a separate study report (BAYER AG; Rüngeler, 1992)
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: not reported
- Composition of test material, percentage of components:
The composition of two different samples tested were as follows:
Sample I:
HR 92/660 523: 5.0%
Ethanol: 45.0%
Ethane: 0.2%
Propane: 8.4%
iso-butane: 7.2%
n-butane: 34.2%
Sample II:
HR 92/660 523: 2.0%
Ethanol: 18.0%
Ethane: 0.32%
Propane: 13.4.4%
iso-butane: 11.52%
n-butane: 54.72%
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Versuchstierzucht Winkelmann, Borchen, Germany
- Age at study initiation: 2 to 3 months
- Weight at study initiation: 160 to 220 g
- Fasting: no
- Housing: singly in macrolon cages type II
- Diet: rodent diet "Altromin 1324" ad libitum
- Water: tap water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 ± 3 °C
- Humidity (%): 40 - 60 %
- Air changes (per hr): 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: aerosol
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- nose/head only
- Vehicle:
- other: unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: a spray tube containing the test material was placed into a water bath (20 °C). Every 10.5 seconds test material was sprayed for 0.5 seconds into a mixing chamber where it was diluted with air (20 L/min). The resulting atmospherer was guided to the inhalation chamber (stainless steel, volume 50 L). The animals were kept in plexi glass tubes with the head protruding into the inhalation chamber. Electronic measurement and regulation devices allowed to adjust the exposure concentration.
- Exposure chamber volume: 50 L
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: plexi glass tubes allowing head-nose inhalation
- Source and rate of air: air was compressed to 8 - 10 bar and cleaned from water, dust and oil. At reduced pressure, the air was guided into the mixing chamber at a rate of 20 L/min
- Method of conditioning air: water, dust and oil were removed
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: the apparatus is described above.
- Method of particle size determination:
1) TSI Laser-Velocimeter APS 3300 in the breathing zone (results not reported)
2) Impact cascade (BERNER-Kaskadenimpaktor)
- Treatment of exhaust air: the air was guided through an aerosol filters which was incinerated at the end of the exposure period.
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: 24.6 °C; mean humidity 15.9 ± 2.7 (control), and 25 - 35 % (test material, samples I and II; cf. report, pages 47 - 49).
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used:
1) nominal concentration was calculated from the weight of material sprayed into the mixing chamber divided by the air volume
2) vapour: air samples were taken from the breathing zone and analysed for the volatile components (propane, butane) using GC-FID
3) Particles:
a) Particles were absorbed to Florisil in the breathing zone of the animals. After elution with ethanol, 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate was determined by GC-FID using a calibration curve
b) particle size distribution:
- TSI Laser-Velocimeter APS 3300 in the breathing zone (results not reported, due to technical problems)
- Impact cascade (BERNER-Kaskadenimpaktor). Description of statistical evaluation: report, page 23.
VEHICLE
- Composition of vehicle: ethanol, propellents (propane, butane etc. Cf. report, page 11)
- Concentration of test material in vehicle: 5 % (sample I), and 2 % (sample II)
- Justification of choice of vehicle: low volatility of 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Particle size distribution: log normal (report, pages 44 -46)
- MMAD (Mass median aerodynamic diameter) / GSD (Geometric st. dev.):
sample I: 8.29 ± 3.47 µm (report, page 43)
sample II: 3.78 ± 2.36 µm (report, page 45) - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- 4 h
- Concentrations:
- Active ingredient (a.i., report page 40)
Sample I: 497 mg/m³
Sample II: 524 mg/m³ - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: observations: at least daily; weighing: once before treatment, and on days 3, 7 and 14 post treatment
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs; body weight; organ weights; functional tests (reflexes (visual placing, muscle tone, cornea, pupil and pinna reflexes, startle response (sound), touch-escape response, tail-pinch response, righting reflex) and grip strength) - Statistics:
- Generally calculation of means ± standard deviation. Several different statistical tests to analyse differences between treatment groups.
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect level:
- 0.511 mg/L air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 0.511 mg/L air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate
- Mortality:
- There was no mortality (0/20), all rats survived.
- Clinical signs:
- other:
- Body weight:
- A slight reduction of body weight gain was seen in treated animals compared to controls, however without gaining a level of statistical significance.
- Gross pathology:
- There were no changes noted in control an dtreated animals.
- Other findings:
- - Other observations:
Reflexes and grip strength were not affected in treated animals.
Any other information on results incl. tables
It should be noted that 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate (the active ingredient )was contained in a spray can, together with solvents and propellents in proportions listed above.
The reported concentrations represent in most instances the vapour concentrations of the volatile components, which were analysed using GC-FID. The resulting propane and butane concentrations were then used to calculate LC50 -values for the two samples, i.e. >41.8 mg/m³ (sample I) and >43.3 mg/m³ (sample II).
The volatility of the active ingredient, 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, is however low. This compound is predominantly present in the particle fraction.The particles were adsorbed to Florisil in the breathing zone of the test animals. HR 92/660 523 was then eluted from Florisil with ethanol and quantified by GC-FID, using a calibration curve of HR 92/660 523 (purity: 99.15 %). The concentration of the active ingredient was 497 and 524 mg/m³ in samples I and II, respectively (cf. report page 40). The mean concentration is therefore 511 mg/m³.
It should be noted that particle size distribution was influenced by the solvent composition. Particles with a Mass Median Aerodynimc Diameter (MMAD) of </= 3.0 µgm were considered to be respirable. Based on the results of the particle analysis, the dose of 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate was 0.104 mg/L with sample 1, and 0.21 mg/L with sample 2.
|
|
Sample 1 |
Sample 2 |
MMAD ± geometric SD (µm) |
8.29 ± 3.47 |
3.78 ± 2.36 |
|
Concentration (mg/m³) |
497 |
524 |
|
Respirability (% = 3 µm) |
Mass related |
21 % (measured) |
40 % (measured) |
|
Number related |
100 % (extrapolated) |
99 % (extrapolated) |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
In an acute inhalation toxicity study (Bayer AG, 1993), groups of young adult Wistar rats (male and female,5/sex) were exposed by inhalation route to HR 92/660 523 (2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate) contained in spray can at 2 and 5 %, respectively, along with considerable amounts of ethanol as solvent, and hydrocarbons as propellents. The rats were exposed for 4 hours to head only at a mean concentration of 0.511 mg 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate /L. The animals then were observed for 14 days.
There were no findings in any test animal regarding mortality, clinical signs, changes in functional tests (reflexes and grip strength), or gross pathology except from a slightly reduced body weight gain in exposed animals, but without gaining a level of statistical significance. Therefore, the LC0 was 0.511 mg/L in male and female rats.
Conclusion:
This study design is regarded to be suitable for testing the acute inhalation toxicity of low volatility compounds like 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate. The study was conducted similar to OECD Test Guideline No. 403 and under GLP conditions. The acute LC0(4 h) was 0.511 mg/L in male and female Wistar rats.
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