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EC number: 201-877-4 | CAS number: 89-04-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No full study report, only summarised results
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No data concerning used method.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- The test sample (1 mg/L) was introduced in acetone solution with a nominal acetone concentration of 500 ppm (v/v) in the test.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- As would be expected for water insoluble lipophilic materials tested above their solubility limit most of the daphnia became trapped in a surface film ("floaters") and this place a stress on them. As time 24 hour the floating daphnia were re-submerged. After 24 and 48 h 0% Daphnia were immobilised.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The LC50 after 48 h to Daphnia magna was greater than 1 mg/L under the conditions described.
- Executive summary:
The LC50 after 48 h of 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, mixed decyl and octyl triesters was greater than 1 mg/L, tested with Daphnia magna.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP compliant study conducted according to internationally recognised test methods.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Lot/batch No.: 001101TMO
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0 and 100 mg/L
- Sampling method: 0.5 - 1.0 mL sampled from each vessel
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: No data - Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Test substance at 3000 mg/L (with solubilizer HCO-50 100 mg/L) added to diluting water (Elendt M4) to give the required nominal test concentration
- Eluate: dilution water (Elendt M4)
- Controls: yes - dilution water and test medium with dispersant
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): solubilizer HCO-50 100 mg/L
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution): 100 mg/L
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): Test solutions observed to be cloudy (white, turbid) - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Source:NIES Japan
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): within 24h old
- Feeding during test: No - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No
- Hardness:
- 228 mg/l as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 19.5-20.0 °C.
- pH:
- 7.2-7.4
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.5-8.9 mg/l
- Salinity:
- N/A fresh water
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal Concentrations: 0 and 100 mg/L
Mean measured concentrations: 0 and 96.4 mg/L (See Results table below) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beaker
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 ml
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): N/A static
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5 (to give 20/concentration)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Elendt M4(OECD guideline No.211 Annex 2)
- Intervals of water quality measurement: 48 hours
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16h light / 8h dark
- Light intensity: room light
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : mortality
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: N/A
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: N/A
- Range finding study: Yes
- Test concentrations: up to at least 100 mg/l in immobilisation test
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Yes - 48h-EC50 was >100 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: A single daphnid exposed at 100 mg/L was found dead/immobile after 24 hours
- Other biological observations: No
- Mortality of control: No mortality observed during test period
- Other adverse effects control: No
- Abnormal responses: No other abnormal responses observed during test period
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: The test solution was cloudy - Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50/LC50: 0.90 mg/L (48h) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Not applied for EC50 - No concentration related effects observed
Method of calculating mean measured concentrations: Geometric mean - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this test the EC50 (48h) > 100mg/L and NOEC (48h) = 100mg/L for Daphnia magna exposed to Trioctyl benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate for 48 hours
- Executive summary:
Acute immobilisation in Daphnia has been investigated in a 48 hour test according to OECD test methods. Dissolution/dispersion agents were used to increase concentration of the substance in the test medium. The EC50 (48h) was determined to be >100 mg/L and the NOEC was 100 mg/L, the highest concentration investigated.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1994-04-13 to 1994-04-15
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions. For read-across justification see Section 13.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples of the freshly prepared stock solution and the dilution for testing after 0 and 48 hours were taken, no further details mentioned
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- As the test substance is poorly soluble in water, a 1 g/L mixture with synthetic freshwater was prepared. This mixture was stirred for 18 hours and filtrated afterwards. The filtrate was analyzed and showed an initial content of 7.4 mg/L DOC. The filtrate was used as Stock solution.
The analytical determination of stock and test solutions showed that they were not stable within 48 hours (deviation > 20%), therefore the geometric mean of the measured values after 0 and 48 hours were used for evaluation. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Strain: Daphnia magna Straus, clone 5
- Source: laboratory breed
- Age at study initiation: not older than 24 hours
- Method of breeding: The females were maintained in M4 medium in 1 L beakers. A reddish dark-brown coloration of the animals indicated that they were healthy. At two to three day intervals, the exuviae were siphoned off and the water was changed. In the course of this, the offspring was removed from the breeding vessels. At regular intervals of approx. 4 weeks, offspring were isolated from the vessels. They served as a basis for further breeding.
- Feeding during test: none
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Females were separated from the offspring 24 hours before the start of the test. The offspring produced overnight were transferred into test water and were used for the test.
- Type and amount of food: Scenedesmus subspicatus, the amount of food added is such that it is consumed by the animals
- Feeding frequency: daily - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- none
- Hardness:
- 2.5 mmol
- Test temperature:
- 20 °C ± 1 °C
- pH:
- 7.9 - 8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.0 - 8.2 mg/L
- Salinity:
- CaCl2 x 2 H2O: 294 mg/L; MgSO4 x 7 H2O: 123 mg/L; NaHCO3: 63 mg/L; KCl: 5.5 mg/L
Ca/Mg ratio: 4:1
Na/K ratio: 10:1 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 6.6 mg/L
Measured: 3.2 mg/L (geometric mean of measured concentrations after 0 and 48 hours) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Round-bottom test tubes
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, calibrated to 10 mL
- Aeration: none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: synthetic fresh water
- Ca/mg ratio: 4:1
- Conductivity: not mentioned
- Culture medium different from test medium: yes
- Intervals of water quality measurement: not mentioned
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: not adjusted
- Photoperiod: not applicable
- Light intensity: no light during test
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobilisation after 24 and 48 hours; O2 concentration, pH at the end of the test
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: not applicable (limit test)
- Range finding study: not applicable, tested at solubility limit - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 4.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- dissolved
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 4.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- dissolved
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- >= 4.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- dissolved
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 4.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- dissolved
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- The given concentrations were calculated from the estimated concentration of DOC. An estimation was necessary, as the DOC value was decreasing in the progress of the test.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes, historical control (not tested in parallel to the test substance)
- Concentrations: 1 and 2 mg/L potassium dichromate
- Results: 15% and 100% immobilised daphnia after 24 h - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Due to the low mortality up to the solubility limit, no statistics were performed.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Not toxic under test conditions in the range of water solubility.
- Executive summary:
The effect of 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, mixed decyl and octyl triesters on the immobilisation of Daphnia magna had been studied in accordance with OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202 part I and EEC Methods for Determination of Ecotoxicity, Annex to Directive 92/69/EEC.
Daphnia magna was exposed to 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, mixed decyl and octyl triesters for an exposure time of 48 hours. As the test substance is poorly soluble in water, a 1 g/L mixture with synthetic freshwater was prepared. This mixture was stirred for 18 hours and filtrated afterwards. The filtrate was analyzed by means of DOC analysis and showed an initial content of 7.4 mg/L DOC. The filtrate was used as stock solution. The analytical determination of stock and test solution showed that they were not stable within 48 hours (deviation > 20%), therefore the geometric mean of the measured values after 0 and 48 hours for the test solution (3.2 mg/L) were used for evaluation.
No lethality or immobilisation of Daphnia magna > 5% was observed at the tested concentration after 48 hours exposure.
Referenceopen allclose all
Measured Concentrations of test chemicals during a 48h exposure period
Nominal Concentration Measured concentration(mg/L) Percent of nominal
(mg/L) 0hr 48hr Mean 0hr 48hr
Control < 0.006 < 0.006 - - -
Disp.Cont. < 0.006 < 0.006 - - -
100 103.6 89.7 96.4 103.6 89.7
Mortality or immobility of Daphnia magna exposed to the test chemicals
Nominal concentration (mg/L) Cumulative number of dead or immobilized Daphnia
(Percent Mortality or Immobility)
24 hour 48 hour
Control 0(0) 0(0)
Dispersant Control 0(0) 0(0)
100 1(5) 1(5)
·
Table #1: Effect of 1,2,4 -Benzenetricarboxylic acid, decyl octyl ester on immobilisation of Daphnia magna
concentration [mg/L] | 24 hour values | 48 hour values | ||||
number | % | number | % | |||
mobile | immobile | immobile | mobile | immobile | immobile | |
0 (control) | 19 | 1 | 5 | 19 | 1 | 5 |
3.2 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 1 | 5 |
The given concentration refers to the estimated content of DOC.
Remark: In the DOC-determination it was not possible to distinguish between carbon from the test substance and carbon from the impurities (2,5%)
Description of key information
Short-term toxicity to Daphnia: EC50 - >100 mg/L; NOEC - 100 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Acute immobilisation in Daphnia has been investigated in a 48 hour test according to OECD test methods. Dissolution/dispersion agents were used to increase concentration of the substance in the test medium. The EC50 (48h) was determined to be >100 mg/L and the NOEC was 100 mg/L, the highest concentration investigated.
Tests with a structural analogue of the registered substance, a trimellitate ester with mixed C8 -C10 side chains, showed no toxicity when tested at, or above, the limits of water solubility.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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