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EC number: 423-460-8 | CAS number: 3508-98-3 SALICYNALVA
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Between 11th January and 11th February 1995
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 996
- Report date:
- 1996
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.6 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of study:
- guinea pig maximisation test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- An LLNA is not performed because other reliable information is available.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-phenylhexanenitrile
- EC Number:
- 423-460-8
- EC Name:
- 2-phenylhexanenitrile
- Cas Number:
- 3508-98-3
- Molecular formula:
- C12 H15 N
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-phenylhexanenitrile
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Dunkin-Hartley
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- Fifteen healthy male albino guinea-pigs of the Dunkin/Hartley strain were obtained from D. Hall, Newchurch, Staffordshire, England.
The animals were in the weight range of 211 to 295 g on arrival and approximately six to seven weeks of age. All the guinea-pigs were acclimatised to the experimental environment for five days prior to allocation to the main study.
An additional eight animals, from the same supplier, were used for the preliminary investigations.
The animals in the main study were allocated without conscious bias to two groups as follows:
Group Number of animals Animal numbers
Control animals 5 15 to 19
Test animals 10 20 to 29
The guinea-pigs were housed in groups of five in suspended metal cages with wire mesh floors in Building R 17 Room 14.
A vitamin C enriched guinea-pig diet FD1 and drinking water were provided ad libitum. Hay was given weekly as a dietary supplement. The batch of diet used for the study was not analysed for nutrients, possible contaminants or microorganisms.
However, other batches of diet are periodically tested, by the Supplier, and were found to be within set limits.
Results of routine physical and chemical examination of drinking water at source, as conducted usually weekly by the supplier, are made available to Huntingdon Research Centre Ltd. as quarterly summaries.
Animal room temperature was maintained within the range 19.0 to 20.0 °C and relative humidity within the range 38 to 56 % . These environmental parameters were recorded daily. Air exchange was maintained at approximately 15 air changes per hour and lighting was controlled by means of a time
switch to give 12 hours of artificial light (0700 - 1900 hours) in each 24 hours period.
Each animal was identified by ear tattoo number. This number was unique within the HRC Industrial Toxicology Department throughout the duration of the study. Each cage was identified by a coloured label displaying the study schedule number, animal numbers and the initials of the Study Director and Home Office licensee.
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Induction
- Route:
- intradermal and epicutaneous
- Vehicle:
- other: Alembicol D
- Concentration / amount:
- 40% intradermal, 100% epicutaneous
- Adequacy of induction:
- highest concentration used causing mild-to-moderate skin irritation and well-tolerated systemically
Challenge
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: Alembicol D
- Concentration / amount:
- 100 and 50%
- Adequacy of challenge:
- highest non-irritant concentration
- No. of animals per dose:
- 5 - control
10 - test - Details on study design:
- TREATMENT PROCEDURE
Preliminary study
The intradermal and topical irritancy of a range of dilutions of the test substance was investigated to identify where possible (a) concentrations of the test substance that would produce irritation suitable for the induction phase of the main study and (b) a maximum non-irritant concentration by the topical route of administration for the challenge phase.
Selection of concentrations of test substance for the main study
Based on the results of the preliminary investigations, the following concentrations of Salicynalva were selected:
Induction intradermal injection - 40% v/v in Alembicol D
This was the highest concentration dosed intradermally that caused irritation but did not adversely affect the animals.
Induction topical application - as supplied
Topical challenge - as supplied and 50% v/v in Alembicol D
From preliminary investigations administration of the test substance as supplied did not give rise to irritating effects.
Main study
The procedure may be considered in two parts, Induction and Challenge.
Induction
Induction intradermal injections - test animals
A 40 x 60 mm area of dorsal skin on the scapular region of the guinea-pig was clipped free of hair with electric clippers. Three pairs of intradermal injections were made into a 20 x 40 mm area within the clipped area.
Injectables for the test animals were prepared as follows:
1. Freund's complete adjuvant was diluted with an equal volume of water for irrigation (Ph. Eur.).
2. Salicynalva, 40% v/v in Alembicol D.
3. Salicynalva, 40 % v/v in a 50 : 50 mixture of Freund's complete adjuvant and Alembicol D.
Induction topical application - test animals
The preliminary investigations indicated that the maximum practical concentration of the test substance for topical application (as supplied) did not produce skin irritation. Therefore, six days after the injections, the same 40 x 60 mm interscapular area was clipped and shaved free of hair and the site was pre-treated by gentle rubbing with 0.2 ml per site of 10% w/w sodium lauryl sulphate in petrolatum. Twenty-four hours later a 20 x 40 mm patch of Whatman No. 3 paper was saturated with approximately 0.4 ml of Salicynalva, as supplied. The patch was placed on the skin of the test animals and covered by a length of impermeable plastic adhesive tape (50 mm width "Blenderm"). This in turn was firmly secured by elastic adhesive bandage (50 mm width "Elastoplast") wound round the torso of the animal and fixed with "Sleek" impervious plastic adhesive tape. The dressing was left in place for 48 hours.
Induction - control animals
During the induction phase, the control animals were treated similarly to the test animals with the exception that the test substance was omitted from the intradermal injections and topical application.
Challenge
Challenge - control and test animals
The control and test animals were challenged topically two weeks after the topical induction application using Salicynalva, as supplied and 50% v/v in Alembicol D.
Hair was removed by clipping and then shaving from an area on the left flank of each guinea-pig.
A 20 x 20 mm patch of Whatman No. 3 paper was saturated with approximately 0.2 ml of Salicynalva, as supplied and applied to an anterior site on the flank. Salicynalva, 50% v/v in Alembicol D was applied in a similar manner to a posterior site. The patches were sealed to the flank for 24 hours under strips of "Blenderm" covered by "Elastoplast" wound round the trunk and secured with "Sleek"impervious plastic adhesive tape. The dressing was left in place for 48 hours. - Challenge controls:
- The control and test animals were challenged topically two weeks after the topical induction application using Salicynalva, as supplied and 50% v/v in Alembicol D.
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- hexyl cinnamic aldehyde
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- The sensitivity of the guinea-pig strain used is checked periodically at HRC with hexyl cinnamic aldehyde, a known sensitiser.
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- As supplied
- No. with + reactions:
- 58
- Total no. in group:
- 60
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, as supplied
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, as supplied
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- other: 3rd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 72
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, as supplied
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, 50% in Alembicol D
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, 50% in Alembicol D
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- other: 3rd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 72
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, 50% in Alembicol D
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, unchanged
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, unchanged
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Reading:
- other: 3rd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 72
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, unchanged
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, 50% in Alembicol D
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- Salicynalva, 50% in Alembicol D
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 5
Any other information on results incl. tables
INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS:
Dermal reactions in the test animals elicited by the challenge application were compared with the findings simultaneously obtained in the control animals. A test animal was considered to show positive evidence of delayed contact hypersensitivity if the observed dermal reaction at challenge was definitely more marked and/or persistent than the maximum reaction seen in animals of the control group. If the dermal reaction seen in a test animal at challenge was slightly more marked and/or persistent than (but not clearly distinguishable from) the maximum reaction seen in control animals, the result for that test animal was classified as inconclusive. A test animal was considered to show no evidence of delayed contact hypersensitivity if the dermal reaction resulting from the challenge application was the same as, or less marked and/or persistent than the maximum reaction seen in animals of the control group.
CLINICAL SIGNS:
No signs of ill health or toxicity were recorded.
BODYWEIGHT:
Anticipated bodyweight increases were recorded for all guinea-pigs over the period of the study.
INDUCTION:
Intradermal injections:
Necrosis was recorded at sites receiving Freund's Complete Adjuvant in test and control animals. Slight irritation was seen in test animals at sites receiving Salicynalva, 40% v/v in Alembicol D and slight irritation was observed in control animals receiving Alembicol D alone.
Topical application:
Slight erythema was observed in test animals following topical application with Salicynalva, as supplied and slight erythema was seen in the control guinea-pigs.
CHALLENGE:
At the challenge there were no dermal reactions seen in any of the test or control animals.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: Substance is a not skin sensitiser in accordance with EU CLP (1272/2008 and its amendments)
- Conclusions:
- The substance is not a skin sensitizer in the Guinea pig maximisation test (OECD guideline 406)
- Executive summary:
A GPMT was performed to assess the skin sensitisation potential of Salicynalva according to EU Method B.6 and OECD TG 406. Based on the results of a preliminary study and in compliance with the guidelines, the following dose levels were selected: In the preliminary study irritation and necrosis was seen with increasing doses using intradermal injection using 0.1-100% of the test substance in Alembicol D. Therefore in the main study a 40% induction concentration for intradermal application was considered justified showing a score 2 reaction in the preliminary study. In the preliminary study no skin irritation effects were seen up to 100% of the test substance. Therefore in the main study 100% induction concentration for topical application was considered justified and 100 and 50% v/v in Alembicol D for the challenge application. Ten test and five control guinea-pigs were used in this study. In this study Salicynalva did not produce evidence of skin sensitisation (delayed contact hypersensitivity) in any of the ten test animals.
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