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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 202-981-2 | CAS number: 101-84-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Genetic toxicity in vitro
Description of key information
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1978
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study was conducted according to a standard method but was non-GLP.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- This study used methods and materials described by Ames et al . in Mutation Research (1975) Vol. 31, pp. 347-364.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
- Target gene:
- TA98- hisD3052, TA100-hisG46, TA1535-hisG46, TA1537-hisC3076
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- No data
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- The compound was tested in the presence and absence of a mammalian activation system in both plate incorporation and spot tests.
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- The sample was tested in plate incorporation assays at concentrations of: 0.05, 0.1, 0.13, 0.4, 1, 2, 10, 17, 33, 43, 100, and 500 ug/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- DMSO
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: TA98: w/o S-9 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide, w S-9 2-acetamidofluorene, TA100: w/o S-9 4-nitroquinollne -N-oxide, w S-9 benzo (a) pyrene; TA1535: w/o S-9 NaNO2, w S-9 tris ( 2, 3-dibromopropyl)phosphate, TA1537: w/o S-9 9-aminoacridine, w S-9 2 aminoanthracene
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- No additional data
- Evaluation criteria:
- A positive response is indicated if three treatments show a response which is significantly different from the solvent controls at the p less than 0.01 level and if there is a dose response.
- Statistics:
- Statistical analysis for significance of difference between treatments and controls is performed for each treatment using a t-test. Values of revertants / plate are transformed using log to the base 10. Variance is calculated as within-levels pooled variance for the treatment and solvent control revertants / plate. Values of p are calculated for a one-sided t-test.
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- observed at the 33 ug and 100 ug levels with TA1535 and TA1537.
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- MUTAGENICITY TEST RESULTS:
1. Spot Test: The subject compound Diphenyl Oxide was assayed at a maximum concentration of 10 mg per plate using the four test strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537. The compound was tested with and without mouse and rat microsomal preparations. No mutagenic activity was observed.
2. Plate Incorporation Test: No significant mutagenic activity was detected towards TA98, TA100, TA1535 or TA1537 in the Salmonella plate incorporation test of Diphenyl Oxide with or without rat S-9 microsomal activation. Maximum concentrations tested were 500 ug per plate in the absence of activation and 500 ug per plate in the presence of microsomal enzymes.
TOXICITY:
The subject compound gave no indication of toxic effects with strains TA98 and TA100 at the 100 ug per plate level. However, toxic damage was observed at the 33 ug and 100 ug levels with TA1535 and TA1537. - Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative
Diphenyl Oxide was not mutagenic towards any of the Salmonella strains assayed under these test conditions. - Executive summary:
The objective of the study was to determine whether any significant mutagenic activity of' the test material could be detected towards Salmonella strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537 either in the presence or absence of a mammalian metabolic activation system in both plate incorporation and spot tests. This study used rnethods and materials described by Ames et al. in Mutation Research (1975) Vol. 31, pp. 347-364, and as described in the standard protocol for Salmonella mutagenicity tests on file in the Monsanto Co. Environrnental Health Laboratory: Standard Protocol for Ames/Salmonella Test (2-10-78). The sample was tested in plate incorporation assays at concentrations of: 0.05, 0.1, 0.13, 0.4, 1, 2, 10, 17, 33, 43, 100, and 500 ug/plate.
Diphenyl Oxide was not mutagenic towards any of the Salmonella strains assayed under these test conditions.
Reference
None
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (negative)
Additional information
In vitro: In the standard method 1978 key study (ks) Ames study (Klimisch=2), Diphenyl oxide (DPO) was assessed for mutagenic activity using Salmonella strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537 either in the presence or absence of a mammalian metabolic activation system in both plate incorporation and spot tests. Results indicated that DPO was not mutagenic towards any of the Salmonella strains assayed under these test conditions.
In the standard method 1987 ks CHO/HGPRT mammalian cell forward gene mutation assay (Klimisch=2), there were no statistically significant increases in the mutation frequencies of DPO-treated cultures when compared to the negative controls.
In the standard method 1987 ks chromosome aberration study in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells (Klimisch=2), treatment with DPO produced no statistically significant increase in the number of aberrations per cell and the proportion of aberrant metaphases at any dose level evaluated with and without S9 metabolic mix.
In the standard method 1987 ks unscheduled DNA synthesis in primary rat hepatocyte cultures (Klimisch=2), results indicate that DPO is not a genotoxic agent in the in vitro rat hepatocyte DNA repair assay.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Not classified - DPO was negative (non-genotoxic) in all of the in vitro genetic toxicity tests performed.
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